Exposure to Chinese famine in early life and the risk of multimorbidity in adulthood.

Objectives: Previous studies had reported the association between famine exposure in early life and subsequent non-communicable diseases risk. In current study, we aimed to evaluate the associations between famine exposure on multimorbidity prevalence and incidence in middle-aged and older Chinese population.

Methods: A total of 13,254 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 were included in cross-sectional analyses.

Association of depressive symptom trajectories with chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and older adults.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the association between trajectories of depressive symptoms and the subsequent risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) by measuring depressive symptoms repeatedly in older adults with normal renal function.

Methods: A total of 9650 participants, comprising community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, were included. Depressive symptoms were assessed at three time points: Wave 1 (2011-2012), Wave 2 (2013-2014), and Wave 3 (2015-2016).

Solving the robustness puzzle: The joint impact of optimization approach, robustness metrics, and scenarios on water resources management under deep uncertainty.

The concept of robustness has been widely used in water resources management to identify solutions that perform satisfactorily across a range of plausible future conditions to increase confidence in decision-making in a deeply uncertain future. However, the selection of an appropriate metric to quantify robustness remains challenging due to the existence of multiple choices reflecting different risk preferences. In addition, different scenarios can be used to represent plausible future conditions, which adds another layer of complexity to solution identification.

Generation and selection of training events for surrogate flood inundation models.

The destructive and life-threatening nature of flood events calls for fast and accurate methods to predict dynamic flood behaviour. Data-driven surrogate models have been developed to quickly predict flood inundation, though their accuracy relies on the available flood information for model training and validation. Flood observations are rarely available at high spatial and temporal scales, and thus computationally expensive high-resolution hydrodynamic (high-fidelity) models are often used to generate training data through simulation of selected flood events.

Real-Time Pipeline Fault Detection in Water Distribution Networks Using You Only Look Once v8.

Detecting faulty pipelines in water management systems is crucial for ensuring a reliable supply of clean water. Traditional inspection methods are often time-consuming, costly, and prone to errors. This study introduces an AI-based model utilizing images to detect pipeline defects, focusing on leaks, cracks, and corrosion.

The application of metagenomics, radiomics and machine learning for diagnosis of sepsis.

Introduction: Sepsis poses a serious threat to individual life and health. Early and accessible diagnosis and targeted treatment are crucial. This study aims to explore the relationship between microbes, metabolic pathways, and blood test indicators in sepsis patients and develop a machine learning model for clinical diagnosis.

Casual effects of telomere length on sarcoidosis: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Telomere length, crucial for genomic stability, have been implicated in various inflamm-aging diseases, but their role in sarcoidosis remains unexplored.

Objective: This study aims to explore the casual effects between TL and sarcoidosis via a bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) study.

Methods: We examined single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with TL and sarcoidosis, utilizing available open-access genome-wide association study (GWAS) databases from the UK Biobank and FinnGen.

COVID-19 vaccination and long COVID among 50 years older and above European: The role of chronic multimorbidity.

Background And Aims: We aimed to explore the association between coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccination and long COVID according to the status of chronic multimobidity.

Methods: A total of 1913 participants were recruited in the cross-sectional study on the basis of the Survey of Health and Retirement in Europe. COVID-19 vaccination was defined as vaccination within the last 12 months.

A fluorescent NBD "turn-on" probe for the rapid and on-site analysis of fructose in food.

High fructose intake is an important cause of metabolic disease. Due to the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases worldwide, the development of an accurate and efficient tool for monitoring fructose in food is urgently needed to control the intake of fructose. Herein, a new fluorescent probe NBD-PQ-B with 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole (NBD) as the fluorophore, piperazine (PQ) as the bridging group and phenylboronic acid (B) as the recognition receptor, was synthesized to detect fructose.

Association between combination COVID-19-influenza vaccination and long COVID in middle-aged and older Europeans: A cross-sectional study.

The potential impact of combined COVID-19 and influenza vaccination on long COVID remains uncertain. In the present cross-sectional study, we aimed to investigate the plausible association between them in middle-aged and older Europeans based on the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). A total of 1910 participants were recruited in the analyses.

Development of rapid nucleic acid testing techniques for common respiratory infectious diseases in the Chinese population.

Most respiratory viruses can cause serious lower respiratory diseases at any age. Therefore, timely and accurate identification of respiratory viruses has become even more important. This study focused on the development of rapid nucleic acid testing techniques for common respiratory infectious diseases in the Chinese population.

circRNAs as prognostic markers in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) arise from precursor mRNA processing through back-splicing and have been increasingly recognized for their functions in various cancers including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the prognostic implications of circRNA in AML remain unclear. We conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of circRNAs using RNA-seq data in pediatric AML.

[Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter prospective nested case-control study].

Objectives: To explore the risk factors associated with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants.

Methods: This study was a multicenter prospective nested case-control study conducted in seven medical centers in Beijing, China. Infants aged 0-12 months were included, with 200 cases of CMPA infants and 799 control infants without CMPA.

Hypertension combined with limitations in activities of daily living and the risk for cardiovascular disease.

Objective: The aim of present study was to evaluate the combined effect of hypertension and activities of daily living (ADL)/instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) with the risk of CVD, stroke and cardiac events.

Methods: A total of 14,083 participants aged 45 years or older from the China Health and Retirement longitudinal study were included in current study. Participants were divided into 4 groups according to hypertension and ADL/IADL status.

Assessment of surrogate models for flood inundation: The physics-guided LSG model vs. state-of-the-art machine learning models.

Hydrodynamic models can accurately simulate flood inundation but are limited by their high computational demand that scales non-linearly with model complexity, resolution, and domain size. Therefore, it is often not feasible to use high-resolution hydrodynamic models for real-time flood predictions or when a large number of predictions are needed for probabilistic flood design. Computationally efficient surrogate models have been developed to address this issue.

miR-130b regulates B cell proliferation via CYLD-mediated NF-κB signaling.

Previous studies have revealed that B cell activation is regulated by various microRNAs(miRNAs). However, the role of microRNA-130b regulating B cell activation and apoptosis is still unclear. In the present study, we first found that the expression of miR-130b was the lowest in Pro/Pre-B cells and the highest in immature B cells.

Nephropathy Is Aggravated by Fatty Acids in Diabetic Kidney Disease through Tubular Epithelial Cell Necroptosis and Is Alleviated by an RIPK-1 Inhibitor.

Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease, has complex pathogenic mechanisms and few effective clinical therapies. DKD progression is accompanied by the loss of renal resident cells, followed by chronic inflammation and extracellular matrix deposition. Necroptosis is a newly discovered form of regulated cell death and is a major form of intrinsic cell loss in certain diabetic complications such as cardiomyopathy, intestinal disease, and retinal neuropathy; however, its significance in DKD is largely unknown.

Application Value of Combined Detection of miR-208 and miR-92a in Early Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction.

Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a common and serious cardiovascular disease with increasing incidence and mortality rates, making it a major global public health issue. Molecular biology research has shown that the cleavage products miR-208 and miR-92a are microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with myocardial injury. Therefore, this study aims to establish a predictive model and explore the application value of the combined detection of miR-208 and miR-92a in the early diagnosis of MI in microRNA.

Chromatin accessibility landscape of relapsed pediatric B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

For around half of the pediatric B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) patients, the molecular mechanism of relapse remains unclear. To fill this gap in knowledge, here we characterize the chromatin accessibility landscape in pediatric relapsed B-ALL. We observe rewired accessible chromatin regions (ACRs) associated with transcription dysregulation in leukemia cells as compared with normal B-cell progenitors.

SUMOylation and DeSUMOylation: Prospective therapeutic targets in cancer.

The SUMO family is a type of ubiquitin-like protein modification molecule. Its protein modification mechanism is similar to that of ubiquitination: both involve modifier-activating enzyme E1, conjugating enzyme E2 and substrate-specific ligase E3. However, polyubiquitination can lead to the degradation of substrate proteins, while poly-SUMOylation only leads to the degradation of substrate proteins through the proteasome pathway after being recognized by ubiquitin as a signal factor.

Dulaglutide Protects Mice against Diabetic Sarcopenia-Mediated Muscle Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation and Regulating the Differentiation of Myoblasts.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of sarcopenia, which is characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and function. However, there are no effective drugs to treat diabetic sarcopenia, and its underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here, we aimed to determine whether the GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) dulaglutide (Dul) affects the progression of diabetic sarcopenia.