LTBR acts as a novel immune checkpoint of tumor-associated macrophages for cancer immunotherapy.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) greatly contribute to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance of cancer. However, its underlying mechanisms and whether TAMs can be promising targets to overcome ICI resistance remain to be unveiled. Through integrative analysis of immune multiomics data and single-cell RNA-seq data (iMOS) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), lymphotoxin β receptor () is identified as a potential immune checkpoint of TAMs, whose high expression, duplication, and low methylation are correlated with unfavorable prognosis.

25-Hydroxycholesterol regulates lysosome AMP kinase activation and metabolic reprogramming to educate immunosuppressive macrophages.

Macrophages are critical to turn noninflamed "cold tumors" into inflamed "hot tumors". Emerging evidence indicates abnormal cholesterol metabolites in the tumor microenvironment (TME) with unclear function. Here, we uncovered the inducible expression of cholesterol-25-hydroxylase (Ch25h) by interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-13 (IL-13) via the transcription factor STAT6, causing 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC) accumulation.

M1 macrophage-related gene model for NSCLC immunotherapy response prediction.

Patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have a limited lifespan and exhibit poor immunotherapy outcomes. M1 macrophages have been found to be essential for antitumor immunity. This study aims to develop an immunotherapy response evaluation model for NSCLC patients based on transcription.

Comprehensive analysis of HOXC8 associated with tumor microenvironment characteristics in colorectal cancer.

Background: Accumulating evidence have highlighted the essential roles of HOX genes in embryonic development and carcinogenesis. As a member of the HOX gene family, the abnormal expression of gene is associated with the progression and metastasis of various tumors. However, potential roles of HOXC8 in colorectal cancer (CRC) prognosis and tumor microenvironment (TME) remodeling remain unclear.

The role of plateletcrit in Takayasu arteritis: A potential biomarker for disease activity and 6-month treatment response.

Objectives: To determine the role of plateletcrit as a potential biomarker for disease activity and treatment response in Takayasu arteritis (TAK).

Methods: Totally, 215 newly diagnosed TAK patients were consecutively enrolled. Demographic data, clinical manifestations, laboratory and imaging examinations, and treatment strategy were recorded at baseline and at each visit during the 6-month treatment period.

Single-Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals Peripheral T Helper Cells Promoting the Development of IgG4-Related Disease by Enhancing B Cell Activation and Differentiation.

Abnormal B cell differentiation plays a critical role in IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. We investigated the cell landscape from three IgG4-RD retroperitoneal tissues and three control tissues using single-cell RNA-sequencing. Critical cell type or markers were further validated in the peripheral blood from the patients with IgG4-RD and healthy controls via flow cytometry as well as in the IgG4-RD and control tissue via immunofluorescence staining.

A novel molecular mechanism of vascular fibrosis in Takayasu arteritis: macrophage-derived GPNMB promoting adventitial fibroblast extracellular matrix production in the aorta.

Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a chronic large vessel disease characterized by aortic fibrotic thickening, which was mainly mediated by activation of aorta adventitial fibroblasts (AAFs). Our previous genetic study demonstrated that TAK-associated locus IL6 rs2069837 regulated glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB) expression. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the pathogenic role of GPNMB in TAK.

Augmented PFKFB3-mediated glycolysis by interferon-γ promotes inflammatory M1 polarization through the JAK2/STAT1 pathway in local vascular inflammation in Takayasu arteritis.

Background: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is characterized by pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage infiltration and increased interferon (IFN)-γ expression in vascular lesions. IFN-γ is a key cytokine involved in M1 polarization. Macrophage polarization is accompanied by metabolic changes.

Night shifts in interns: Effects of daytime napping on autonomic activity and cognitive function.

Objective: Night shifts have adverse cognitive outcomes that might be attenuated by daytime napping. The neurovisceral integration model suggests that resting vagally mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV) is linked with cognitive function. This study investigated the relationship between resting vmHRV and cognitive function after different nap durations in interns after shift work.

Risk factors of aortic regurgitation progression in Chinese patients with Takayasu's arteritis: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: To elucidate the 3-year follow-up outcomes and risk factors associated with aortic regurgitation progression in Takayasu's arteritis (TAK).

Methods: This study was a prospective cohort study conducted among 77 patients with TAK at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, China. All the participants were followed up and assessed with echocardiography for 3 years, and the baseline characteristics and dynamic changes in the aortic valve were recorded and investigated.

Biomarker Changes and Molecular Signatures Associated with Takayasu Arteritis Following Treatment with Glucocorticoids and Tofacitinib.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze biomarker changes in patients with TAK following treatment with glucocorticoids (GCs) and tofacitinib (TOF).

Methods: Seventeen patients from a prospective TAK cohort treated with GCs and TOF and 12 healthy individuals were recruited. TAK associated cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and MMPs were analyzed in these patients before and after GCs and TOF treatment, and healthy controls.

Semi-Supervised Learning for Automatic Atrial Fibrillation Detection in 24-Hour Holter Monitoring.

Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is generally diagnosed by long-term dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Identifying AF episodes from long-term ECG data can place a heavy burden on clinicians. Many machine-learning-based automatic AF detection methods have been proposed to solve this issue.

Efficacy and safety of tofacitinib versus leflunomide with glucocorticoids treatment in Takayasu arteritis: A prospective study.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of leflunomide (LEF) versus tofacitinib (TOF) in Takayasu arteritis (TAK) patients. Sixty-seven active patients were recruited from an ongoing observational TAK cohort, including 35 patients treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) and LEF and 32 patients treated with GCs and TOF. The observation period was 12 months.

Fibroblast Activation Protein-Alpha is a Prognostic Biomarker Associated With Ferroptosis in Stomach Adenocarcinoma.

The potential role of fibroblast activation protein-alpha (FAP) in modulating the progression and invasion of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) has not yet been comprehensively investigated. This study aimed to explore the role of FAP in STAD and the underlying association between FAP and the tumor microenvironment (TME) and ferroptosis. Overall survival was analyzed to evaluate the prognostic value of FAP based on gene expression data and clinical information on STAD.

Ferroptosis-related gene SLC1A5 is a novel prognostic biomarker and correlates with immune infiltrates in stomach adenocarcinoma.

Background: Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death, which plays an important role in the development of many cancers. Tumor-associated competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulate tumorigenesis and development.

A comprehensive profile of chemokines in the peripheral blood and vascular tissue of patients with Takayasu arteritis.

Background: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a chronic granulomatous large vessel vasculitis with multiple immune cells involved. Chemokines play critical roles in recruitment and activation of immune cells. This study aimed to investigate chemokine profile in the peripheral blood and vascular tissue of patients with TAK.

PF-PLC micelles ameliorate cholestatic liver injury via regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and PXR/CAR/UGT1A1 signaling pathways in EE-induced rats.

Paeoniflorin (PF) has a certain therapeutic effect on cholestasis liver injury. To further improve the bioavailability of PF and play its pharmacological role in liver protection, PF-phospholipid complex micelles (PF-PLC micelles) were prepared based on our previous research on PF-PLC. The protective effects of PF and PF-PLC micelles on cholestasis liver injury induced by 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE) were compared, and the possible mechanisms were further explored.

MKA: A Scalable Medical Knowledge-Assisted Mechanism for Generative Models on Medical Conversation Tasks.

Using natural language processing (NLP) technologies to develop medical chatbots makes the diagnosis of the patient more convenient and efficient, which is a typical application in healthcare AI. Because of its importance, lots of researches have come out. Recently, the neural generative models have shown their impressive ability as the core of chatbot, while it cannot scale well when directly applied to medical conversation due to the lack of medical-specific knowledge.

FABP3 overexpression promotes vascular fibrosis in Takayasu's arteritis by enhancing fatty acid oxidation in aorta adventitial fibroblasts.

Objective: To identify the role of fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) in vascular fibrosis in Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism.

Methods: The expression of FABP3 and extracellular matrix proteins (ECMs) were detected in aorta tissues from TAK patients (n = 12) and healthy controls (n = 8) by immunohistochemistry. The concentration of serum proteins was determined by ELISA.

Clinical characteristics, imaging phenotypes and events free survival in Takayasu arteritis patients with hypertension.

Background: Hypertension occurred in 30-80% of Takayasu arteritis (TAK) patients around the world and the occurrence of hypertension might worsen the disease prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and imaging phenotypes, as well as their associations with events free survival (EFS) in Chinese TAK patients with hypertension.

Methods: This current research was based on a prospectively ongoing observational cohort-the East China Takayasu Arteritis (ECTA) cohort, centered in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University.

Improved clinical outcomes of tocilizumab cyclophosphamide for IgG4-related disease: insights from a prospective IgG4-related disease registry.

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of patients with active immunoglobulin G (IgG) 4 related disease (IgG4-RD) receiving tocilizumab those receiving cyclophosphamide (CYC).

Methods: This IgG4-RD registry study was a prospective cohort study conducted among patients with active IgG4-RD hospitalized at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. Patients who were treated with tocilizumab or CYC along with glucocorticoids (GCs) were enrolled.