New Surgical Approach to Treat Fibroids and Solid Tumors - Thermal and Nonthermal Ablation.

There is a trend toward more minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic uterine fibroids. They are image-guided ablation surgery with focused ultrasound, microwave, and radiofrequency ablations that are becoming tested and used in some medical centers or hospitals. Nevertheless, these image-guided ablation surgeries involve thermal ablation to the fibroids, which might lead to thermal injury to the surrounding tissues, for example, nerve injury, vessel injury, and skin burn due to heat diffusion.

A Journey from Learning a Noninvasive High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Surgical Treatment for Gynecological Diseases to Providing High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Services in Hong Kong.

This paper reflects a Hong Kong doctors group's journey to learn the high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation treatment for gynecological diseases in China. The procedures of HIFU ablation for fibroids, adenomyosis, and other gynecological diseases are described. After completing our training, the authors applied the HIFU ablation techniques they have learned to establish an outpatient HIFU clinic and provided HIFU ablation treatment in Hong Kong.

Nano-Enhanced Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Ultrasound for Cancer Treatment and Beyond.

While ultrasound is most widely known for its use in diagnostic imaging, the energy carried by ultrasound waves can be utilized to influence cell function and drug delivery. Consequently, our ability to use ultrasound energy at a given intensity unlocks the opportunity to use the ultrasound for therapeutic applications. Indeed, in the last decade ultrasound-based therapies have emerged with promising treatment modalities for several medical conditions.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of Cesarean Scar Defect.

The incidence of Cesarean scar defect (CSD) would increase with the increasing trends of cesarean section delivery. The actual incidence of this condition is unknown, but it had been estimated by hysteroscopy, sonohysterography, or transvaginal ultrasound to be around 50% of patients with cesarean section. CSD is often asymptomatic, but it may produce common symptoms such as abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, and pelvic pain.

A false positive fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography diagnosis of pelvic lymph node recurrence following surgical treatment of Stage 1 endometrial cancer-a case report.

A 47 year old patient with a G3, FIGO stage 1A endometrial cancer was treated by hysterectomy. Her two ovaries were conserved because of the pre-operative diagnosis of endocervical cancer. On follow up PET-CT follow up investigation, she had a benign ovarian corpus luteal cyst mistaken as a metastatic pelvic lymph node which was later removed and proven benign histologically.

Hormonal treatment for endometriosis associated pelvic pain.

Background: Endometriosis is a common gynecological problem associated with chronic pelvic pain.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of current hormonal treatments of endometriosis associated pain.

Materials And Methods: Randomized Controlled studies identified from databases of Medline and Cochrane Systemic Review groups were pooled.

Regulatory Effect of Peptidoglycan on the Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 2 mRNA and Proteins in Trophoblast Cell Line TEV-1 Cells.

Objective. To investigate the regulatory effect of peptidoglycan on the expression of human Toll-like receptors 2 (TLR2) mRNA and proteins in the human extravillous trophoblast cell line (TEV-1). Methods.

Inguinal endometriosis: an uncommon differential diagnosis as an inguinal tumour.

Inguinal endometriosis can present as a rare tumor when it occurs outside the abdomen and pelvis. We present a patient with a painful tumor in the right inguinal region, where its diagnosis was made before the operation. This enabled a conservative excisional surgery to be performed.

A retrospective study of laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) in virgins and nulliparae.

Objective: To study the feasibility and result of LAVH performed in virgins and nulliparae.

Study Design: Retrospective review of 297 consecutive cases of LAVH using the Biswas Uterine Vaginal Elevator (BUVE) in a private hospital in Hong Kong for benign gynaecological conditions between July 2006 and February 2009. Variables analysed included patient demographics, operative times, uterine weight, hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, and operative complications.

Novel Vaginal "paper roll" uterine morcellation technique for removal of large (>500 g) uterus.

At laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy with a novel "paper roll" vaginal morcellation technique, large uteri (> or = 500 g) can be removed via the vagina with safety, speed, and ease. The technique provides protection for the bladder and rectum, and large uteri can be removed in 1 piece, allowing the pathologist to reconstruct the entire uterus.

Hysteroscopic appearance of endometrial cavity after microwave endometrial ablation.

Study Objective: To assess the appearance of the endometrial cavity after microwave endometrial ablation.

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: GuangDong Women's and Children's Hospital, GuangDong, China.

Effect of acupuncture on induction of labor.

Objective: The objective of this study is to review the existing scientific evidence on the potential role of acupuncture on induction of labor during pregnancy.

Design: The Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine), and NCCAM (The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine) databases were searched to identify relevant monographs from 1970 to 2008.

Inclusion Criteria: These criteria included all available human acupuncture studies on pregnant women carrying a viable fetus due for third trimester induction of labor.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescence.

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is a common endocrinopathy seen not only in adult women but also in female adolescents nowadays, is associated with reproductive, metabolic and cardiovascular problems.

Objective: This article aims to review the current evidence on managing PCOS in adolescence. In addition, the pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentations and existing diagnostic criteria of PCOS will also be discussed.

Current alternative and complementary therapies used in menopause.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of common complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies used to relieve the menopausal symptoms.

Design: Comprehensive literature search was conducted through the databases Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, AMED (Allied and Complementary Medicine), NCCAM (The National Centre for Complementary and Alternative Medicine) to identify relevant monographs in English language.

Results: Studies have shown that some therapies such as clonidine, selective serotonin receptor inhibitors (SSRIs) and gabapentin are effective in decreasing the degree and frequency of somatic symptoms in menopause, while phytooestrogens and black cohosh have shown mixed results.

Heterotopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer: 12 cases report.

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, predisposing factors, early diagnosis and treatment options of heterotopic pregnancy (HP) following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) procedure.

Methods: A retrospective review study was performed to identify the HP cases after IVF-ET at the Reproductive Centre in Guangdong Women and Children's Hospital in China between the years of 2002-2007.

Results: Twelve out of 1,476 pregnancies (0.

Serum lipid-associated sialic acid levels in gynecologic malignancies.

Significantly elevated serum concentrations of lipid-associated sialic acid (LSA) were observed in 183 patients with invasive cervical carcinoma, 31 with uterine corpus adenocarcinoma and 71 with epithelial ovarian carcinoma prior to any treatment when compared with 50 normal control women (P < 0.05). Elevated LSA levels were also observed in five women with microinvasive cervical carcinoma and in four patients with uterine corpus leiomyosarcoma (P < 0.