Characteristics of OSA modified starch-based Pickering emulsion and its application to myofibrillar protein gel.

Background: Pickering emulsions prepared with octenyl succinic anhydride-modified starch (OSAS) show significant promise as replacements for animal fat. However, the underlying mechanism of incorporating an OSAS-based Pickering emulsion into a myofibrillar protein (MP) gel and its impact on the gel properties remain poorly understood. In this study, the effects of OSAS at varying concentrations (0-10.

Symptom Patterns in Adults With Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome: A 6-Month Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Data are limited on the natural history and symptom patterns of cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS), a disorder of gut-brain interaction characterized by recurrent stereotypical vomiting, retching, and nausea episodes.

Methods: A 6-month, observational, remote study prospectively assessed symptom patterns in adults with CVS using an electronic daily diary. Patients recorded their disease experience, including CVS symptoms and associated severity, in the daily diary.

Exploring the causal relationship of gut microbiota in nonunion: a Mendelian randomization analysis mediated by immune cell.

Background: Emerging research indicates that gut microbiota (GM) are pivotal in the regulation of immune-mediated bone diseases. Nonunion, a bone metabolic disorder, has an unclear causal relationship with GM and immune cells. This study aims to elucidate the causal relationship between GM and nonunion using Mendelian Randomization (MR) and to explore the mediating role of immune cells.

Upregulation of GSTP1 mediated by chimeric TFE3 promotes TFE3-tRCC progression by targeting JNK signaling pathway.

Background: TFE3-translocation renal cell carcinoma (TFE3-tRCC), a distinct subtype of kidney cancer characterized by Xp11.2 translocations, involving TFE3 fusion with various partner genes, lacks effective treatments and prognostic biomarkers for advanced stages. This study aimed to unravel the pathogenic mechanisms and uncover novel therapeutic targets.

Reduced irradiation exposure areas enhanced anti-tumor effect by inducing DNA damage and preserving lymphocytes.

Background: Partial stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) targeting hypoxic regions of large tumors (SBRT-PATHY) has been shown to enhance the efficacy of tumor radiotherapy by harnessing the radiation-induced immune response. This approach suggests that reducing the irradiation target volume not only achieves effective anti-tumor effects but also minimizes damage to surrounding normal tissues. In this study, we evaluated the antitumor efficacy of reduced-tumour-area radiotherapy (RTRT) , and explored the relationship between tumor control and immune preservation and the molecular mechanisms underlying of them.

Directed evolution of glutamate decarboxylase B for enhancing its enzyme activity towards nearly neutral pHs based on error-prone PCR.

Glutamate decarboxylases (GADs) can catalyze the conversion of l-glutamate to γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), while consuming one H. However, the GADs found so far are catalytically active in the pHs of 3.8-5.

Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma and predictive potential of mutated TP53.

Objective: Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare, heterogeneous subgroup of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients with advanced PSCs have poor survival due to resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and narrow access to targeted therapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) offer new hope, whereas data on their effectiveness is limited.

Exercise electrocardiogram combined with cadmium zinc tellurium (CZT) cardiac-dedicated single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) predicts coronary artery disease.

Aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a primary cause of mortality, prompting ongoing research into noninvasive diagnostic modalities. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of exercise electrocardiography testing (EET) combined with cadmium zinc tellurium cardiac-dedicated single photon emission computed tomography (CZT-SPECT) imaging for CAD.

Materials And Methods: CZT-SPECT and EET were examined in 124 patients aged 20-85 years, followed by coronary angiography to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of EET/CZT-SPECT alone and in combination.

Study protocol: A national cross-sectional study on psychology and behavior investigation of Chinese residents in 2023.

Introduction: This study protocol specifies the primary research line and theoretical framework of the 2023 Survey of the Psychology and Behavior of the Chinese Population. It aims to establish a consistent database of Chinese residents' psychological and behavioral surveys through multi-center and large-sample cross-sectional surveys to provide robust data support for developing research in related fields. It will track the public's physical and psychological health more comprehensively and systematically.

On the probability of necessity and sufficiency of explaining Graph Neural Networks: A lower bound optimization approach.

The explainability of Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) is critical to various GNN applications, yet it remains a significant challenge. A convincing explanation should be both necessary and sufficient simultaneously. However, existing GNN explaining approaches focus on only one of the two aspects, necessity or sufficiency, or a heuristic trade-off between the two.

The mediating effects of death reflection on death literacy and death anxiety among Chinese nurses: a cross-sectional study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating effect of death reflection on death literacy and death anxiety in clinical nurses. A sample of 2,882 nurses in China were selected by convenience sampling. A socio-demographic questionnaire, a death literacy scale, a death reflection scale, and a death anxiety scale were used to investigate.

The performance of a novel diagnostic criteria for neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients.

Diagnosing neurosyphilis in clinical settings poses significant challenges due to the absence of highly efficient diagnostic criteria. Our objective was to enhance the existing diagnostic criteria and assess their sensitivity and specificity for identifying neurosyphilis in HIV-negative patients. We conducted a retrospective review of patient records from a cross-sectional study carried out between December 2019 and May 2023.

Mildly acidic pH boosts up CO conversion to isobutyrate in H driven gas fermentation system.

As a greenhouse gas, massive carbon dioxide (CO) has been generated due to organic matter degradation in wastewater treatment processes. Microbial gas fermentation offers a promising approach to capture CO and generate various valuable chemicals. However, limited studies have achieved branched or medium-chain fatty acids production via gas fermentation.

High Performance of Cs2AgBiBr6 Perovskite-based Photodetectors by Adding DEAC.

Perovskite-based photodetectors (PDs) are broadly utilized in optical communication, non-destructive testing, and smart wearable devices due to their ability to convert light into electrical signals. However, toxicity and instability hold back their mass production and commercialization. The lead-free Cs2AgBiBr6 double perovskite film, promised to be an alternative, is fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD), which compromises film quality.

Photocatalytic Oxidative Coupling of Methane to Ethane Using CO2 as a Soft Oxidant Over the Au/TiO2-Vo Nanosheets.

Herein, we first report a photocatalytic OCM using CO2 as a soft oxidant for C2H6 production under mild conditions, where an efficient photocatalyst with unique interface sites is constructed to facilitate CO2 adsorption and activation, while concurrently boosting CH4 dissociation. As a prototype, the Au quantum dots anchored on oxygen-deficient TiO2 nanosheets are fabricated, where the Au-Vo-Ti interface sites for CO2 adsorption and activation are collectively disclosed by in situ Kelvin probe force microscopy, quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Compared with single metal site, the Au-Vo-Ti interface sites exhibit the lower CO2 adsorption energy and decrease the energy barrier of the *CO2 hydrogenation step from 1.

The association between baseline viral load and long-term risk in patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong: a territory-wide study.

COVID-19 can increase the long-term risk of multiorgan dysfunction. Few studies investigated the long-term risk in Asian populations or investigated the association between viral load and long-term risk. We aimed to investigate the post-discharge rates of hospitalization and association with baseline viral load in all patients with COVID-19 in Hong Kong.

Impact of β-Carotene Enrichment on Carotenoid Composition and Gene Expression in Metanauplii.

Background: Carotenoids play essential nutritional and physiological roles in aquatic animals. Since aquatic species cannot synthesize carotenoids de novo, they must obtain these compounds from their diet to meet the physiological and adaptive requirements needed in specific aquaculture stages and conditions. Carotenoid supplementation in represents a promising strategy to enhance pigmentation, health, and growth in aquaculture species, particularly in larvae and other early developmental stages.

Therapeutic Potential of Oligo-Fucoidan in Mitigating Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Fibrosis.

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) serves as a home-based kidney replacement therapy with increasing utilization across the globe. However, long-term use of high-glucose-based PD solution incites repeated peritoneal injury and inevitable peritoneal fibrosis, thus compromising treatment efficacy and resulting in ultrafiltration failure eventually. In the present study, we utilized human mesothelial MeT-5A cells for the in vitro experiments and a PD mouse model for in vivo validation to study the pathophysiological mechanisms underneath PD-associated peritoneal fibrosis.

LncRNA Expression Profiles in C6 Ceramide Treatment Reveal lnc_025370 as a Promoter in Canine Mammary Carcinoma CHMp Cells Progression.

Canine mammary carcinomas (CMCs) represent the most prevalent form of cancer in female dogs, characterized by a high incidence and mortality rate. C6 ceramide is recognized for its multifaceted anti-cancer properties, yet its specific influence on CMCs remains to be elucidated. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), now recognized as functional "dark matter" in precision oncology, are particularly intriguing, with 44% of canine lncRNAs exhibiting tissue-specific expression.

Silicon-Enhanced PVA Hydrogels in Flexible Sensors: Mechanism, Applications, and Recycling.

Hydrogels, known for their outstanding water absorption, flexibility, and biocompatibility, have been widely utilized in various fields. Nevertheless, their application is still limited by their relatively low mechanical performance. This study has successfully developed a dual-network hydrogel with exceptional mechanical properties by embedding amino-functionalized polysiloxane (APSi) networks into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix.

Ferrostatin-1 improves acute sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy via inhibiting neutrophil infiltration through impaired chemokine axis.

Introduction: Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is a common complication of sepsis and is associated with higher mortality. To date, effective diagnostic and management strategies are still lacking. Recent studies suggest that ferroptosis plays a critical role in sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy and ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) improved cardiac dysfunction and survival in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced endotoxemia.

Biomechanical changes in lumbar intervertebral discs after percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy surgery at different Body Mass Index (BMI) categories.

Objective: Percutaneous Endoscopic Transforaminal Discectomy (PETD) is recognized as the leading surgical intervention for lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Moreover, Body Mass Index (BMI) has been established as an independent risk factor for disc reherniation post-PETD. Furthermore, there is a lack of studies investigating the biomechanical changes in the disc post-PETD in relation to diverse BMI levels.

Tire Wear Particles Exposure Enhances Denitrification in Soil by Enriching Labile DOM and Shaping the Microbial Community.

Tire wear particles (TWP) are emerging contaminants in the soil environment due to their widespread occurrence and potential threat to soil health. However, their impacts on soil biogeochemical processes remain unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of TWP at various doses and their leachate on soil respiration and denitrification using a robotized continuous-flow incubation system in upland soil.