Mechanism of Pit Formation on Surface of Superconducting Niobium Cavities During Buffered Chemical Polishing.

Superconducting radio-frequency niobium cavities processed using buffered chemical polishing (BCP) sometimes show typical W-shaped pits on their surface, which may greatly limit their performance. However, the causes of such pits and effective solutions are not fully understood. In this study, we reproduced the formation of W-shaped pits on the cavity surface through niobium sample BCP experiments, directly observed the sample surface's evolution during the polishing process and the polished surface's morphology, and analyzed the cause of W-shaped pits in detail: the formation and attachment of bubbles on the niobium surface during the BCP process.

Post-marketing safety surveillance of Amivantamab: a real world study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: Amivantamab stands as the pioneering bispecific antibody that targets both EGFR and MET, utilized in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring EGFR ex20ins mutations. Nevertheless, a thorough assessment of its safety characteristics in the real-world remains unknown.

Research Design And Methods: The adverse event (AE) reports were collected through a search of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database spanning from 2019 Q1 to 2024 Q1, and then disproportionality analysis was utilized.

Analysis of risk factors for radiation-induced oral mucositis for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and prognostic value of EGF and STREM-1.

Background: This study analyzed the risk factors of radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and the correlation between epidermal growth factor (EGF), soluble myeloid cell expression trigger receptor-1 (sTREM-1), and disease severity.

Methods: A total of 124 patients with NPC who received radiotherapy from March 2013 to November 2016 were enrolled and divided into the study group (n=68) and the control group (n=56) regarding the presence of RIOM. The risk factors of RIOM were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression.

Tumor microenvironment assessment-based signatures for predicting response to immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer.

Immunotherapy has significantly altered the treatment paradigm of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but not all patients experience durable benefits. Predictive biomarkers are needed to identify patients who may benefit from immunotherapy. We retrospectively collected tumor tissues from 65 patients with advanced NSCLC before treatment, and performed transcriptomic and genomic analysis.

SAS macro programme for Bang's Blinding Index to assess and visualise the success of blinding in randomised controlled trials.

This paper aims to present a Statistical Analysis Software (SAS) macro %BBIplus, offering estimation and visualisation methods for the Bang's Blinding Index (BBI) for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with various designs. We developed the SAS macro programme %BBIplus to facilitate the implementation of BBI. This user-friendly programme allows for easy and rapid estimation and visualisation of BBI across different scenarios, including pairwise comparison RCTs with two arms, double-dummy design RCTs with three arms and factorial design RCTs with four arms.

[Professor 's experience of "regulating both form and spirit" for treating dysmenorrhea].

This article summarizes Professor 's key points and features of acupuncture for primary dysmenorrhea. Professor believes that the location of dysmenorrhea is in the uterus, and the fundamental pathogenesis is the disharmony of both form and spirit. During clinical treatment, he first conducts abdominal palpation, often detecting cord-like nodules around Guilai (ST 29), Huangshu (KI 16), and Zigong (EX-CA 1).

Comparative efficacy of non-pharmacological management for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol.

Background: Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) has posed a significant burden on affected individuals and healthcare systems. While pharmacological treatments are commonly used, non-pharmacological management strategies have gained attention for their potential benefits in improving CP/CPPS symptoms. However, the comparative efficacy of these non-pharmacological interventions remains unclear.

Expanded immune imprinting and neutralization spectrum by hybrid immunization following breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants after three-dose vaccination.

Background: Despite vaccination, SARS-CoV-2 evolution leads to breakthrough infections and reinfections worldwide. Knowledge of hybrid immunization is crucial for future broad-spectrum SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Methods: In this study, we investigated neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against the SARS-CoV-2 ancestral virus (wild-type [WT]), pre-Omicron VOCs, Omicron subvariants, and SARS-CoV-1 using plasma collected from four distinct cohorts: individuals who received three doses of BBIBP-CorV/CoronaVac vaccines, those who experienced BA.

Optimizing continuous passive motion duration following arthroscopic release of elbow contracture: a retrospective study.

Background: The anatomical structure of the elbow joint makes it vulnerable to contractures. While elbow arthroscopy minimizes soft tissue damage and enhances early rehabilitation, the optimal duration for postoperative Continuous Passive Motion (CPM) therapy is unclear. This retrospective study aims to establish the appropriate duration of CPM following arthroscopic elbow contracture release.

Age-specific optimization of the T-weighted MRI contrast in infant and toddler brain.

Purpose: In 0-2-year-old brains, the T-weighted (T2w) contrast between white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) is weaker compared with that in adult brains and rapidly changes with age. This study aims to design variable-flip-angle (VFA) trains in 3D fast spin-echo sequence that adapt to the dynamically changing relaxation times to improve the contrast in the T2w images of the developing brains.

Methods: T and T relaxation times in 0-2-year-old brains were measured, and several age groups were defined according to the age-dependent pattern of T values.

Comprehensive Analysis of Characteristics of Cuproptosis-Related LncRNAs Associated with Prognosis of Lung Adenocarcinoma and Tumor Immune Microenvironment.

As a novel discovered mechanism of cell death, cuproptosis is copper-dependent and induces protein toxicity related to advanced tumors, disease prognosis, and human innate and adaptive immune response. However, it has not yet been fully established how the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is related to the immune microenvironment of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs using several bioinformatic techniques. In the study, 19 genes related to cuproptosis were collected.

Cyanobacterial blooms management: A simulation-based optimization method.

Controlling cyanobacterial blooms is not only an engineering and technical issue but also an optimization problem in environment management. Under budget constraints, a novel simulation-based optimization model for cyanobacterial control is constructed in this study. The simulation model is used for simulating cyanobacteria growth and diffusion processes.

Photoimmunotherapy for cancer treatment based on organic small molecules: Recent strategies and future directions.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is considered as a promising anticancer approach, owning to its high efficiency and spatiotemporal selectivity. Ample evidence indicated that PDT can trigger immunogenic cell death by releasing antigens that activate immune cells to promote anti-tumor immunity. Nevertheless, the inherent nature of tumors and their complex heterogeneity often limits the efficiency of PDT, which can be overcome with a novel strategy of photo-immunotherapy (PIT) strategy.

The KEAP1/PGAM5/AIFM1-Mediated oxeiptosis pathway in Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Oxeiptosis is a cell death pathway sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study investigates the role of oxeiptosis pathway and mitochondrial damage in AD.

The gap between statistical and clinical significance: time to pay attention to clinical relevance in patient-reported outcome measures of insomnia.

Background: Appropriately defining and using the minimal important change (MIC) and the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) are crucial for determining whether the results are clinically significant. The aim of this study is to survey the status of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) for insomnia interventions to assess the inclusion and interpretation of MIC/MCID values.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to survey the status of RCTs for insomnia interventions to assess the inclusion and appropriate interpretation of MIC/MCID values.

Efficacy and safety of transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation for frequent premature ventricular complexes: rationale and design of the TASC-V trial.

Background: Premature Ventricular Complexes (PVCs) are very common in clinical practice, with frequent PVCs (more than 30 beats per hour) or polymorphic PVCs significantly increasing the risk of mortality. Previous studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation improves ventricular arrhythmias. Stimulation of the auricular distribution of the vagus nerve has proven to be a simple, safe, and effective method to activate the vagus nerve.

An Effective Strategy on Synthesizing a Stable SiO-Based Anode for High Density Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Silicon oxides (SiO) have received extensive attention as a promising anode candidate for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, their commercial applications have been seriously hindered by low conductivity, large volume expansion, and unstable solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) layer, which result in low initial coulombic efficiency, poor rate performance, and short cycling lifespan. In this work, we demonstrated a simple way to prepare a series of SiO materials with lithium fluoride (LiF) modified.

c-FLIP facilitates ZIKV infection by mediating caspase-8/3-dependent apoptosis.

c-FLIP functions as a dual regulator of apoptosis and inflammation, yet its implications in Zika virus (ZIKV) infection remain partially understood, especially in the context of ZIKV-induced congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) where both apoptosis and inflammation play pivotal roles. Our findings demonstrate that c-FLIP promotes ZIKV infection in placental cells and myeloid-derived macrophages, involving inflammation and caspase-8/3-mediated apoptosis. Moreover, our observations reveal that c-FLIP augments ZIKV infection in multiple tissues, including blood cell, spleen, uterus, testis, and the brain of mice.