Objectives: The ETER701 trial demonstrated that benmelstobart combined with anlotinib and etoposide-carboplatin (EC) significantly extends survival in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), setting a new record for median overall survival. In contrast, anlotinib plus EC only significantly prolongs progression-free survival. However, there is currently no evidence evaluating the cost-effectiveness of these regimens as first-line treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Urothelial carcinoma is a significant health concern in the United States (US), with high mortality and economic burdens. The CheckMate-901 trial showed promising survival benefits for nivolumab combined with gemcitabine and cisplatin followed by nivolumab maintenance therapy (nivolumab-combination) as first-line treatment of unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC), but its cost-effectiveness is unclear.
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the nivolumab-combination versus standard chemotherapy (gemcitabine-cisplatin) for advanced UC from the perspective of healthcare payers in the US.
J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg
September 2024
Background: Third molar surgery often results in postoperative complications such as pain, trismus, and facial swelling due to surgical trauma. Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF), a third-generation platelet concentrate, is believed to enhance wound healing due to its rich content of growth factors and fibrin.
Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and included a search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to April 18, 2024.
This article presents a study on tunable narrowband coherent perfect absorption (CPA), which can be altered by adjusting the initial phase to the ranges of 1.03-1.13 (with = 2π/) and 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN6-methyladenosine (m6A) has been increasingly recognized as a new and important regulator of gene expression. To date, transcriptome-wide m6A detection primarily relies on well-established methods using next-generation sequencing (NGS) platform. However, direct RNA sequencing (DRS) using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) platform has recently emerged as a promising alternative method to study m6A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCathepsin C, an important lysosomal cysteine protease, mediates the maturation process of neutrophil serine proteases, and participates in the inflammation and immune regulation process associated with polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Therefore, cathepsin C is considered to be an attractive target for treating inflammatory diseases. With INS1007 (trade name: brensocatib) being granted a breakthrough drug designation by FDA for the treatment of Adult Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis and Coronavirus Disease 2019, the development of cathepsin C inhibitor will attract attentions from medicinal chemists in the future soon.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHydrochemistry and Sr isotope compositions were measured in water samples collected during high- and low-water periods from the main stream and tributaries of the Xijiang River Basin in southern China. The primary weathering end-members were analyzed and calculated using the multi-model combination and classic hydrogeochemical method. During the high-water period, structural factors were found to be the main factors controlling chemical weathering in the basin, whereas anthropogenic activity and other random factors had a negligible influence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvid Based Complement Alternat Med
June 2020
Purpose: We explored the mechanism of Shugan Jianpi Formula (SGJPF) and its effective components for the treatment of liver fibrosis (LF).
Materials And Methods: We collected the active ingredients in SGJPF through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and screened the effective components by absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Herb-associated target proteins were predicted and screened based on the Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for Molecular Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Search Tool for Interactions of Chemicals databases.
Soil co-contaminated with cadmium (Cd) and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a widespread environmental problem, especially in electronic waste contaminated surroundings. Accumulation of Cd and BDE-209 in crops has possibly harmful effects on local human health. In order to assess the potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatricians and pediatric endocrinologists utilize Bone Age Assessment (BAA) for in-vestigations pertaining to genetic disorders, hormonal complications and abnormalities in the skeletal system maturity of children. Conventional methods dating back to 1950 were often tedious and suscep-tible to inter-observer variability, and preceding attempts to improve these traditional techniques have inadequately addressed the human expert inter-observer variability so as to significantly refine bone age evaluations. In this paper, an automated and efficient approach with regression convolutional neu-ral network is proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo understand the relationship between soil fauna and microorganism in the detrital food chain during litter decomposition, leaf litters of poplar (Populus simonii) and fargesia (Fargesia spathacea) in a subalpine forest of western Sichuan were taken as study objects. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFAs) biomarker method was used to determine the effects of soil fauna on the abundance, structure and diversity of microbial community during the decomposition of leaf litter of two species from April 2016 to April 2018 with in situ control experiment. The results showed that the presence of soil fauna significantly affected the microbial PLFAs content during the decomposition of both species, reducing the PLFAs content in the first 240 days and increasing the PLFAs content in the 360 to 480 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDuring soil formation, the accumulation of humic substances such as humic acid and fulvic acid is an important way to maintain soil fertility and nutrient cycling, which is regulated by soil substrate quality, litter, and environmental factors. In a laboratory incubation experiment, we exa-mined the effects of litter addition on soil humic substances accumulation in freeze-thaw environment by controlling the freeze-thaw cycles and litter additions in soils from the typical coniferous forest, mixed forest and broadleaved forest in a subalpine forest in western Sichuan. The freeze-thaw events significantly increased the content of humic substances in the coniferous forest soils but decreased those in the mixed forest soil and broadleaved forest soil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of canopy in redistributing rainwater K and Na at different phenological stages (leafless stage, leaf expanding stage, frondent leaf stage and senesced leaf stage) was investigated in Quercus acutissima and Camptotheca acuminata mixed plantation in Mt. Lingyan of Dujiangyan city from December 2016 to November 2017. The concentrations of K and Na were 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs a biocide to reduce soil and litter faunal populations in field experiments, naphthalene has been widely used in the study of ecological functions of soil fauna, but the non-target effects of naphthalene bring about enormous uncertainty to its application. In order to understand whether there were non-target effects of naphthalene in subalpine forest soil, soil in the subalpine forests of west Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was taken as study object. The short-term responses of soil respiration rate, nutrient content and enzyme activity to naphthalene were studied in microcosms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYing Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao
April 2018
Bryophyte plays an important role in nutrient enrichment and cycling in the forest ecosystems. The role of bryophyte in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) cycles might be affected by forest regeneration and growth substrate. To understand the role of bryophyte in N and P cycling in the forest ecosystem, we measured the contents of N and P in the bryophytes that grew on different positions (gap center, gap edge, and closed canopy) and growth substrates (standing tree, fallen log, snag, large dead branch, stump and forest floor) in an alpine forest ecosystem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of naphthalene on soil respiration, dissolved organic matter and microbial biomass, and its inhibition efficiency for soil fauna of subalpine forest in western Sichuan were studied by in situ control experiment. The results showed that naphthalene application significantly inhibited the individual density and group number of soil macro- and meso-/micro- arthropods, with the individual density being decreased by 76.3%-78.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYing Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao
October 2017
In order to understand the diversity of soil nematodes in the subalpine/alpine forests of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, soil nematodes in the primary forest, mixed forest and secondary forest of Abies faxoniana were extracted by elutriation and sugar-centrifugation method in July 2015, and the composition and structure characteristics of soil nematode communities were studied in the three forests at different altitudes. A total of 37950 soil nematodes were collected, which belonged to 20 families and 27 genera, and the mean density was 4217 ind·100 g dry soil. Filenchus was the dominant genus in the primary forest, and Filenchus and Pararotylenchus in the mixed forest and secondary forest, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale And Objectives: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical validity and correlation with pathologic invasiveness in the pulmonary adenocarcinoma spectrum based on the novel qualitative computed tomography criterion for subsolid nodule (SSN) classification, which classified SSN into pure ground-glass nodule, heterogeneous ground-glass nodule, and part-solid nodule. In addition, we compared the performance of the conventional and novel classifications.
Materials And Methods: The computed tomography images of 41 SSN nodules were interpreted by six observers independently, and the SSN characteristics were classified according to both the conventional and the novel classification systems.
1 Hypothesis Disabled elders' activities of daily living, caregiver burden, caregiver depression, and caregivers' life satisfaction are significantly related to the life satisfaction of elderly people with disability. 2 Hypothesis There are direct and indirect effects between the life satisfaction of elders, disabled elders' activities of daily living, and family caregivers' factors. This study explored the interrelationships of disabled elders' life satisfaction and activities of daily living, caregivers' factors (burden, depression, and life satisfaction) through a structural equation model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe burrows of small mammals are one of the obvious landscapes in the forest floor, and play important roles in understanding the distribution patterns of small mammals and their ecological functions in the high-frigid regions. Therefore, the burrow selection and habitat characteristics of small mammals were investigated in an alpine forest of eastern Tibet Plateau from July to September in 2015. The results indicated that the average density of small mammals burrow was 182.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYing Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao
April 2016
In order to understand the variations of soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities with the change of altitude, a field incubation was conducted in dry valley, ecotone between dry valley and mountain forest, subalpine coniferous forest, alpine forest and alpine meadow from 1563 m to 3994 m of altitude in the alpine-gorge region of western Sichuan. The microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and the activities of invertase, urease and acid phosphorus were measured in both soil organic layer and mineral soil layer. Both the soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities showed the similar tendency in soil organic layer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn order to understand the effects of climate warming on the process of soil carbon and nitrogen in the alpine forest, intact soil columns were collected in the alpine fir forest, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) concentrations in both soil organic layer (OL) and mineral soil layer (ML) placed at different altitudes were measured from May 2010 to April 2011 (the first incubation period) and from May 2011 to April 2012 (the second incubation period). The results indicated that both DOC and DON concentrations in OL and ML va-ried greatly during the sampling period. The DOC concentration in soil columns at the altitudes of 3300 and 3000 m increased 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Insect Biochem Physiol
January 2015
Prophenoloxidase (PPO) is an essential enzyme in insect innate immunity because of its role in humoral defense. In this study, we have cloned a full-length cDNA of Antheraea pernyi prophenoloxidase (ApPPO) with an open-reading frame encoding 683 amino acids, and the deduced amino acid sequence of ApPPO exhibited a high similarity with those of lepidoptera. The expression of ApPPO was inducible so that the mRNA level was significantly upregulated in the microbial challenged tissues, including fat body, hemocytes, and midgut.
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