Dioscin pretreatment ameliorates ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes after myocardial infarction via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) remains a leading cause of mortality globally, often resulting in irreversible damage to cardiomyocytes. Ferroptosis, a recently identified form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a significant contributor to post-MI cardiac injury. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response has been implicated in exacerbating ferroptosis.

Genomes reveal pervasive distant hybridization in nature among cyprinid fishes.

Background: Genomic data have unveiled a fascinating aspect of the evolutionary past, showing that the mingling of different species through hybridization has left its mark on the histories of numerous life forms. However, the relationship between hybridization events and the origins of cyprinid fishes remains unclear.

Results: In this study, we generated de novo assembled genomes of 8 cyprinid fishes and conducted phylogenetic analyses on 24 species.

Research progress on pathogenesis and treatment of febrile seizures.

Febrile seizures (FSs) are the most common pediatric neurological disorder, affecting approximately 5 % of children aged 6 months to 5 years. While most FSs are self-limiting and benign, about 20-30 % present as complex FSs (CFSs), which pose a risk of acute brain injury and the development of temporal lobe epilepsy. Various factors, including age, geographical distribution, and type of infection influence the occurrence of FS.

Improving Time to Completion of Medical Student Clerkship Evaluations.

Background And Objectives: Medical student clinical clerkship evaluations provide feedback for growth and contribute to the clerkship grade and the student's residency application. Their importance is expected to increase even more with the recent change of the US Medical Licensing Examination Step 1 to a pass/fail designation. Timely completion of medical student clerkship evaluations is a problem.

Deficiency Enhances Tumor Progression via ERBB3 Signaling in -Rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma.

-rearranged Renal Cell Carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) is an aggressive subtype of RCC characterized by Xp11.2 rearrangement, leading to TFE3 fusion proteins with oncogenic potential. Despite advances in understanding its molecular biology, effective therapies for advanced cases remain elusive.

Advances in Molecular Dynamics-Based Characterization of Water and Ion Adsorption and Transport in C-S-H Gels.

Cementitious material durability is affected by the transport and adsorption of water molecules and ions in the nanopore channels of cement hydration products. Hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) accounts for about 70% of the hydration product. It determines the mechanical properties of cementitious materials and their internal transport properties.

Covalent grafting of reactive phytate salt for durable flame-retardant functionalization of protein silk fabric.

The development of sustainable and durable flame-retardant protein silk fabric without compromising its physical properties is of interest but challenging. In this study, a fully biobased reactive flame-retardant, vanillin phytate, was synthesized from biomass phytic acid and vanillin. Subsequently, vanillin phytate was covalently grafted onto silk fabrics along with diethyl phosphite under mild conditions via the Kabachnik-Fields reaction.

Nitrogen uptake by Scenedesmus quadricauda and its responses over environmental factors.

Nitrogen is a vital nutrient for the growth of microalgae. Understanding the mechanism of nitrogen uptake by algae plays a crucial role in addressing and mitigating. Harmful algal blooms.

Clinical characteristics, imaging diagnostic accuracy, and prognosis of autoimmune pancreatitis: A real-world study in China.

Objective: In this study we aimed to comprehensively evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of Chinese patients with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) through a single-center real-world study.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with AIP in Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University from January 2014 to December 2021 were included. Baseline characteristics, laboratory test results, cross-sectional imaging and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) findings, and long-term follow-up data were obtained.

Achieving High OER Performance by Tuning the Co/Mn Content in Prussian Blue Analogues.

The need for efficient, economical, and clean energy systems is increasing, and as a result, interest in water-splitting techniques to produce green hydrogen is also increasing. However, the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) hinders the practical application and widespread use of water-splitting technologies; therefore, to address this challenge, it is essential to develop cost-effective and efficient OER catalysts. In this work, we have synthesized an inexpensive and tunable FeCoMn Prussian blue analogue (PBAs) as an efficient OER catalyst via a straightforward process.

Self-Reconstruction Induced Electronic Metal-Support Interaction for Modulated Cu Sites on TiO Nanofibers in Electrocatalytic Nitrate Conversion.

The Cu active sites have gained great attention in electrochemical nitrate reduction, offering a highly promising method for nitrate removal from water bodies. However, challenges arise from the instability of the Cu state and microscopic structure over prolonged operation, limiting the selectivity and durability of Cu-based electrodes. Herein, a self-reconstructed CuO/TiO nanofibers (CuO/TiO NFs) catalyst, demonstrating exceptional stability over 50 cycles (12 h per cycle), a high NO -N removal rate of 90.

The renewed tin-weighting treatment as sustainable and durable flame-retardant approach for protein silk fabric.

The facile development of a sustainable and durable flame-retardant approach for protein silk is of interest. Inspired by silk tin-weighting technology, this study developed a novel and sustainable in-situ deposition strategy based on biomass phytic acid to impart durable flame-retardant performance to silk fabrics. The chemical structure of insoluble chelating precipitation, and the surface morphology, thermal stability, combustion behavior, flame-retardant capacity, laundering resistance, and flame-retardant mode of action of the tin-weighting silk samples, were explored.

Does the implementation of economic policies connected to climate change depend on monetary policy mandates and financial stability governance structures?

The objective of the proposed research study is to examine how the economic policy mandates and governance frameworks of central banks affect the implementation of climate-related economic measures. Empirical evidence supports a positive correlation between the adoption of climate-related economic policies and a broader mandate for monetary policy. The existing body of research contradicts the idea that an enhanced framework for governing economic stability will result in higher implementation of financial measures related to climate change.

Mitochondrial DNA Leakage Promotes Persistent Pancreatic Acinar Cell Injury in Acute Pancreatitis via the cGAS-STING-NF-κB Pathway.

Previous research has shown that the activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway in macrophages can promote severe acute pancreatitis through the release of inflammatory factors. The role of this pathway in pancreatic acinar cells, however, has not been studied, and understanding its mechanism could be crucial. We analysed plasma from 50 acute pancreatitis (AP) patients and 10 healthy donors using digital PCR, which links mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels to the severity of AP.

Highly active nitrogen-phosphorus co-doped carbon fiber@graphite felt electrode for high-performance vanadium redox flow battery.

Heteroatom-doped electrodes offer promising applications for enhancing the longevity and efficiency of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). Herein, we controllably synthesized N, P co-doped graphite fiber electrodes with conductive network structure by introducing protonic acid and combining electrodeposition and high temperature carbonization. HSO and HPO act as auxiliary and dopant, respectively.

Sarmentosin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis the p62-Keap1-Nrf2 pathway.

Doxorubicin (Dox) is extensively used as an antitumor agent, but its severe cardiotoxicity significantly limits its clinical use. Current treatments for Dox-induced cardiotoxicity are inadequate, necessitating alternative solutions. This study evaluated the effects of sarmentosin, a compound from Sedum sarmentosum, on Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and dysfunction.

Phosphorous and Nitrogen Dual-Doped Carbon as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for Sodium-Oxygen Batteries.

Sodium-oxygen batteries have been regarded as promising energy storage devices due to their low overpotential and high energy density. Its applications, however, still face formidable challenges due to the lack of understanding about the influence of electrocatalysts on the discharge products. Here, a phosphorous and nitrogen dual-doped carbon (PNDC) based cathode is synthesized to increase the electrocatalytic activity and to stabilize the NaO superoxide nanoparticle discharge products, leading to enhanced cycling stability when compared to the nitrogen-doped carbon (NDC).

The application of artificial intelligence in EUS.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is an epoch-making technology, among which the 2 most advanced parts are machine learning and deep learning algorithms that have been further developed by machine learning, and it has been partially applied to assist EUS diagnosis. AI-assisted EUS diagnosis has been reported to have great value in the diagnosis of pancreatic tumors and chronic pancreatitis, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, esophageal early cancer, biliary tract, and liver lesions. The application of AI in EUS diagnosis still has some urgent problems to be solved.

Disparities and Biases in Food Insecurity Screening Among Admitted Children.

Background And Objectives: Food insecurity (FI) has increasingly become a focus for hospitalized patients. The best methods for screening practices, particularly in hospitalized children, are unknown. The purpose of the study was to evaluate results of an electronic medical record (EMR) embedded, brief screening tool for FI among inpatients.

Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the process of CA19-9 production and dynamics of the immune microenvironment between CA19-9 (+) and CA19-9 (-) PDAC.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the main types of malignant tumor of the digestive system, and patient prognosis is affected by difficulties in early diagnosis, poor treatment response, and a high postoperative recurrence rate. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) has been widely used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of PDAC patients. Nevertheless, the production mechanism and potential role of CA19-9 in PDAC progression have not yet been elucidated.

Dihydroartemisinin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and ferroptosis by activating Nrf2 and regulating autophagy.

Although the use of Doxorubicin (Dox) is extensive in the treatment of malignant tumor, the toxic effects of Dox on the heart can cause myocardial injury. Therefore, it is necessary to find an alternative drug to alleviate the Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA) is a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, which is an active ingredient of Artemisia annua.

Stigma and Stigma Resilience: Role of the Undergraduate and the Campus Environment.

Rationale: Stigma permeates disability experiences and compounds disability-related challenges.

Objective: Identify individual and environmental factors of stigmatizing experiences of college students with learning disabilities (LDs) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methodology: A qualitative descriptive design was used with a thematic analysis of 30 transcripts from group discussions among four cohorts of undergraduates with LD/ADHD ( = 52).

PHDtools: A platform for pathogen detection and multi-dimensional genetic signatures decoding to realize pathogen genomics data analyses online.

Objectives: Facing the emerging diseases, rapid identification of the pathogen and multi-dimensional characterization of the genomic features at both isolate-level and population-level through high-throughput sequencing data can provide invaluable information to guide the development of antiviral agents and strategies. However, a user-friendly program is in urgent need for clinical laboratories without bioinformatics background to decode the complex big genomics data.

Methods: In this study, we developed an interactive online platform named PHDtools with a total of 15 functions to analyze metagenomics data to identify the potential pathogen and decode multi-dimensional genetic signatures including intra-/inter-host variations and lineage-level variations.

Microplastics are detected in human gallstones and have the ability to form large cholesterol-microplastic heteroaggregates.

Ubiquitous pollution due to microplastics through the food chain is a major cause of various deleterious effects on the human health. The aim of this study was to determine the existence of microplastics and the internal mechanism of microplastics as accelerators of cholelithiasis. Gallstones were collected from 16 patients after cholecystectomy, and microplastics in the gallstones were detected through laser direct infrared and pyrolysis gas chromatographymass spectrometry examinations.