Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Diabetic-Ketoacidosis in T2DM Patients: An Updated Meta-Analysis and a Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

To evaluate the association of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients across different subgroups, we searched randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing SGLT2i with the control groups among T2DM patients and including DKA as a safety outcome. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using random or fixed-effects models, as appropriate. An inverse-variance-weighted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was performed to estimate the genetic correlation.

A transformer-based real-time earthquake detection framework in heterogeneous environments.

Earthquake detection is the base of seismological research. Recent advancements have highlighted the superior efficacy of deep learning techniques compared to conventional methods. However, deploying these techniques in highly heterogeneous environments poses significant challenges, primarily due to variations in datasets and the diversity of evaluation methods.

Correction: (-)-Epicatechin regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and promotes ferroptosis in lung cancer cells via the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathway.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Systematic review of well-being interventions for minority healthcare workers.

Introduction: Healthcare workers' well-being is of utmost importance given persistent high rates of burnout, which also affects quality of care. Minority healthcare workers (MHCW) face unique challenges including structural racism and discrimination. There is limited data on interventions addressing the psychological well-being of MHCW.

Tannic acid mitigates salmonella-induced lung injury via gut-lung axis in broilers.

Tannic acid (TA), a polyphenolic compound derived from plants, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant biological activities. Salmonella, a prevalent foodborne pathogen, poses a significant threat to poultry, resulting in considerable economic losses for the animal husbandry industry. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of TA against lung and intestinal injuries induced by a transient Salmonella infection in broilers.

Intralayer/interlayer spatial variation in silicon-doped lithium-rich manganese-based cathode for lattice oxygen fixing.

The exceptional capacity of lithium-rich manganese-based oxides (LRMO) primarily originates from the reversible oxygen redox process. Nevertheless, long-term cycling inevitably induces lattice oxygen instability, which remains a critical challenge for the practical application of LRMO. Doping with the oxygen-affinity element silicon (Si) has been identified as a promising strategy for stabilizing lattice oxygen due to the strong Si-O covalent bonds and small ionic radii.

Precise and sensitive detection of non-hemolytic enterotoxin based on recombinant antibody: Lateral flow immunochromatography assays and exploring recognition mechanisms.

Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), an important foodborne pathogen, can produce multiple enterotoxins. It is essential to detect food with enteropathogenic potential as rapidly and accurately as possible to ensure food safety.

Structural Optimization of Microfluidic Chips for Enhancing Droplet Manipulation and Observation via Electrodynamics Simulation.

Digital microfluidic chips (DMCs) have shown huge potential for biochemical analysis applications due to their excellent droplet manipulation capabilities. The driving force is a critical factor for characterizing and optimizing the performance of droplet manipulation. Conducting numerical analysis of the driving force is essential for DMC design, as it helps optimize the structural parameters.

Ultrasensitive adsorptive stripping voltammetry-free electrochemical sensor for Cu based on its specific catalytic etching to cytosine-rich oligonucleotide templated silver nanoparticles.

The development of reliable and highly sensitive copper ions (Cu) detection technologies is crucial for both environmental conservation and health surveillance. To address the challenges associated with conventional adsorptive stripping voltammetry, such as potential matrix interference, lengthy pre-electrolysis times, and limited detection sensitivity, we herein introduce an innovative electrochemical sensing approach for Cu. This method utilizes the unique catalytic etching capability of Cu on cytosine-rich oligonucleotide (CRO)-templated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).

Melatonin Alleviates T-2 Toxin-Induced Intestinal Injury by Enhancing Gut Barrier Function and Modulating Microbiota in Weaned Piglets.

The T-2 toxin, originating from a Fusarium species, is a mycotoxin that can adversely affect animal health. Melatonin (MT) is a natural hormone recognized for its properties that reduce inflammation and act as an antioxidant. However, MT's capacity to alleviate intestinal harm from T-2 toxin remains incompletely explored.

Coordinated differentiation of human intestinal organoids with functional enteric neurons and vasculature.

Human intestinal organoids (HIOs) derived from human pluripotent stem cells co-differentiate both epithelial and mesenchymal lineages in vitro but lack important cell types such as neurons, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle, which limits translational potential. Here, we demonstrate that the intestinal stem cell niche factor, EPIREGULIN (EREG), enhances HIO differentiation with epithelium, mesenchyme, enteric neuroglial populations, endothelial cells, and organized smooth muscle in a single differentiation, without the need for co-culture. When transplanted into a murine host, HIOs mature and demonstrate enteric nervous system function, undergoing peristaltic-like contractions indicative of a functional neuromuscular unit.

Recent advances in the fundamentals and characterizations for mechanics in 2D materials.

The growing need for integrating two-dimensional materials in electronic and functional devices requires the flexibility of the material. This necessitates the characterization of their mechanical properties to understand their structure under stress loading in working devices. However, it is still challenging to directly characterize the mechanical behaviours of two-dimensional materials due to difficulties in handling these naturally fragile materials.

Agaricus blazei Murill Extract (FA-2-b-β) Induces Ferroptosis in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma via the Nrf2/Ho-1 Pathway.

Introduction: Ferroptosis is a recently identified iron-dependent programmed cell death closely linked to the progression of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). While studies have shown that FA-2-b-β extracted from Agaricus blazei Murill affects various malignancies, its specific role in modulating ferroptosis in DLBCL and the underlying mechanisms are not yet clear.

Objectives: This study aims to elucidate the anticancer properties and mechanisms of FA-2-b-β in inducing ferroptosis in DLBCL cells.

A unified framework combining coherent compounding, harmonic imaging and angular coherence for simultaneous high-quality B-mode and tissue Doppler in ultrafast echocardiography.

Various methods have been proposed to enhance image quality in ultrafast ultrasound. Coherent compounding can improve image quality using multiple steered diverging transmits when motion occurring between transmits is corrected for. Harmonic imaging, a standard technique in conventional focused echocardiography, has been adapted for ultrafast imaging, reducing clutter.

Nutraceutical Evaluation of Trigonelline's Therapeutic Potential by Targeting Bladder Cancer Stem Cells and Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts via Downregulation of TGFβ3/GLI2/YAP1 Signaling Hub.

Trigonelline (TGN), an alkaloid identified in medicinal plants such as coffee (Coffea spp.) and fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), has demonstrated significant anticancer properties across various malignancies, yet its efficacy in bladder cancer (BLCA) remains underappreciated. This study investigates TGN's role in modulating cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the tumor microenvironment (TME), two key contributors to BLCA progression and chemoresistance.

SERS/Fluorescence Dual-Modal Imaging Bioprobe for Accurate Diagnosis of Breast Cancer.

Early diagnosis and precise identification of breast cancer subtypes are vital. However, current detection methods are often hindered by high costs and complexity. This study aims to develop an efficient and noninvasive method to realize efficient breast cancer detection.

Site- and electroencephalogram-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal transcranial photobiomodulation on electroencephalogram global network topology in young adults.

Significance: Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is an optical intervention that effectively enhances human cognition. However, limited studies have reported the effects of tPBM on electrophysiological brain networks.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the site- and electroencephalogram (EEG)-frequency-specific effects of 800-nm prefrontal tPBM on the EEG global network topology of the human brain, so a better understanding of how tPBM alters EEG brain networks can be achieved.

Racial Disparities in Hesitancy and Utilization of Monoclonal Antibody Infusion Treatment of COVID-19: Lessons for Future Pandemics.

Background And Methods: We conducted a single-center cross-sectional study to investigate racial disparities in the hesitancy and utilization of monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment of COVID-19 among treatment eligible patients who were referred to the infusion center between January 4, 2021, and May 14, 2021.

Results: Among the 2406 eligible participants, mAb treatment was significantly underutilized among African American patients compared to White patients (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.

Comparison of remimazolam-based and propofol-based general anaesthesia on postoperative quality of recovery in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: protocol for a prospective, randomised, parallel-group, non-inferiority trial.

Introduction: Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine that exhibits sedative and hypnotic properties without compromising respiratory function and while maintaining haemodynamic stability. Its safety and efficacy have been demonstrated to be non-inferior to those of propofol in the context of general anaesthesia. Nevertheless, the non-inferiority in terms of postoperative recovery quality in obese patients has not been established.

Patterns of associations with epidemiologic factors by high grade serous ovarian cancer gene expression subtypes.

Background: Ovarian high-grade serous carcinomas (HGSC) comprise four distinct molecular subtypes based on mRNA expression patterns, with differential survival. Understanding risk factor associations is important to elucidate the etiology of HGSC. We investigated associations between different epidemiologic risk factors and HGSC molecular subtypes.

Performance of a six-methylation-marker assay in predicting LEEP specimen histology results of cervical HSIL patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Discrepancies have been found between preoperative colposcopic biopsy results and histology results of loop electrical excision procedure (LEEP) specimens. GynTect is a six-methylation-marker assay that has demonstrated its potential as a triage tool for cervical lesion detection and prediction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of GynTect in predicting the histology outcomes of post-LEEP specimens.