Uncertainty and disaster recovery: An analysis of victim perceptions utilizing the problematic integration theory.

Guided by the problematic integration theory, the purpose of this study was to determine what probabilistic and evaluative orientations were formed during post-disaster decision-making following the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the 2011 Tuscaloosa Tornado, the 2011 Mississippi Delta flooding, and a pair of tornados in Hattiesburg Mississippi in 2013 and 2017. A series of focus groups were conducted in communities impacted by these disasters. Five different themes emerged when coding the focus group data for probabilistic and evaluative orientations formed: (1) Distrust, (2) Disorientation, (3) Desperation, (4) Disparity, and (5) Disconnection.

A mixed-methods SWOT analysis of a medical student Balint group programme.

Background: Balint groups use case-based discussions to explore, reflect on, and enhance the clinician-patient relationship. They facilitate the development of empathy and reflective practice and reduce burnout. This study aimed to explore how the benefits of a traditional Balint group format can be accessed and optimised for medical students during a one-year pilot programme.

Laboratory studies assessing the microbial biocontrol potential of diverse strains of Beauveria bassiana isolated from coffee berry borer, with emphasis on strains from Hawai'i Island and comparisons to commercial strain GHA.

A series of experiments investigated genetically diverse strains of Beauveria bassiana (Bb) isolated from coffee berry borer (CBB). Objectives included assessment of their biocontrol potential, particularly in comparison to Bb commercial strain GHA currently applied for CBB control, and identification of various attributes potentially contributing to their comparatively greater epizootic potential in CBB populations. Bioassays identified one strain from Hawai'i Island and one from Puerto Rico with virulence greater than GHA based on equal weights of unformulated conidial powder (CP); however, the greater potency of the CPs was ultimately explained by their 2.

The molecular architecture of Drosophila melanogaster defense against Beauveria bassiana explored through evolve and resequence and quantitative trait locus mapping.

Little is known about the genetic architecture of antifungal immunity in natural populations. Using two population genetic approaches, quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping and evolve and resequence (E&R), we explored D. melanogaster immune defense against infection with the fungus Beauveria bassiana.

Collection, isolation, in vitro culture, and laboratory transmission of Hirsutella eleutheratorum (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) from coffee berry borer on Hawai'i Island.

The insect pathogenic fungus Hirsutella eleutheratorum was first reported as a pathogen of coffee berry borer (CBB) Hypothenemus hampei in Colombia in 1993. A similar CBB pathogen identified as Hirsutella sp. was reported also from Colombia in 2007; attempts at isolation and in vitro culture of this fungus were unsuccessful.

A Multigenerational Strategy to Transform Health Education into Community Action.

Background: The National Institute for Minority Health and Health Disparities funded Centers of Excellence to address health disparities through research, education and professional training, and community engagement. This article summarizes a decade of multigenerational educational programing embedded in the Community Engagement Core (CEC) of the National Institute for Minority Health and Health Disparities-funded Center for Healthy Communities-Center of Excellence at the University of South Alabama.

Objectives: Our objective is to demonstrate how community-based participatory research (CBPR) initiated the multigenerational approach, uniting the community health education and the educational pipeline programs, and transformed a traditional professional symposium into a mechanism to increase community participation and action.

Characterization of the synergistic interaction between Beauveria bassiana strain GHA and Bacillus thuringiensis morrisoni strain tenebrionis applied against Colorado potato beetle larvae.

Studies were undertaken to further characterize the previously identified synergistic activity of Bacillus thuringiensis- and Beauveria bassiana-based biopesticides against Colorado potato beetle (CPB). A flowable concentrate of B. thuringiensis morrisoni strain tenebrionis (Bt) (Novodor® FC) and a wettable powder of B.

Biological Control Outcomes Using the Generalist Aphid Predator Aphidoletes aphidimyza under Multi-Prey Conditions.

The aphidophagous midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is used in biological control programs against aphids in many crops. Short-term trials with this natural enemy demonstrated that that females prefer to oviposit among aphids colonizing the new growth of plants, leading to differential attack rates for aphid species that differ in their within-plant distributions. Thus, we hypothesized that biological control efficacy could be compromised when more than one aphid species is present.

Conidial vigor vs. viability as predictors of virulence of entomopathogenic fungi.

We tested the hypothesis that debilitated conidia exhibiting slow-germination (requiring>16h to germinate) are less virulent than vigorous conidia exhibiting fast germination (requiring⩽16h to germinate). Preparations of Beauveria bassiana s.l.

Within-plant distribution of Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on various greenhouse plants with implications for control.

Foxglove aphid, Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), has recently undergone a status change from an occasional pest to a serious pest in greenhouses of North America and the United Kingdom. Little nonanecdotal information exists on the ecology of this insect in greenhouse crops. To help improve integrated pest management decisions for A.

Pathogenicity of conidia-based preparations of entomopathogenic fungi against the greenhouse pest aphids Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, and Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera: Aphididae).

Seeking new isolates of entomopathogenic fungi with greater virulence against greenhouse aphid pests than those currently registered in North America for control of these insects, single-dose screening assays of 44 selected fungal isolates and 4 commercially available strains were conducted against first-instar nymphs of Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii. The assays identified a number of Beauveria and Metarhizium isolates with virulence equal to or greater than that of the commercial strains against the nymphal aphids, but none exhibited exceptionally high virulence. Virulence of Isaria isolates was unexpectedly low (<31% mortality at doses>1000conidia/mm(2)).

Larval Bradysia impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae) potential for vectoring Pythium root rot pathogens.

A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the capacity of Bradysia impatiens (Johannsen) larvae to ingest propagules from two strains each of Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzp. and P. ultimum Trow and transmit the pathogens to healthy geranium seedlings on a filter-paper substrate in petri dishes.

Developmental times and life table statistics of Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera: Aphididae) at six constant temperatures, with recommendations on the application of temperature-dependent development models.

Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (known as foxglove aphid or glasshouse potato aphid) is a pest of increasing economic importance in several agricultural crops worldwide, including greenhouse vegetables and ornamentals. Developmental rates and age-specific life tables for a North American population of A. solani on pansy (Viola × wittrockiana) (Gams.

Biology and feeding requirements of larval hunter flies Coenosia attenuata (Diptera: Muscidae) reared on larvae of the fungus gnat Bradysia impatiens (Diptera: Sciaridae).

The larval feeding requirements and biology of the generalist predatory muscid hunter fly Coenosia attenuata Stein 1903 (Diptera: Muscidae) were investigated at 25 degrees C. Larval C. attenuata were fed second-, third, and fourth-instar (L2, L3, and L4) larvae of the fungus gnat Bradysia impatiens (Johannsen) (Diptera: Sciaridae) at variable rates to determine minimum and optimum numbers of these prey required for normal development.

Transstadial transmission of Pythium in Bradysia impatiens and lack of adult vectoring capacity.

Fungus gnats have been shown to transmit a variety of plant-pathogenic fungi that produce aerial dispersal stages. However, few studies have examined potential interactions between fungus gnats and oomycetes, including Pythium spp. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to determine whether fungus gnat adults are vectors of several common greenhouse Pythium spp.

Debilitation in conidia of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae and implication with respect to viability determinations and mycopesticide quality assessments.

Germination of Beauveria bassiana (Bb) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma) conidia determined from a fast-rehydration (FR) protocol were compared to those obtained when dry conidia were subjected to slow rehydration (SR) by holding under high humidity conditions prior to aqueous suspension. Differences in viability estimates obtained using the FR vs. SR protocols increased markedly after conidia were exposed to various stress factors in storage (high a(w), temperature, and O(2) concentrations), with the SR protocol producing higher estimates of viability in all cases.

Comparative virulence of Beauveria bassiana isolates against lepidopteran pests of vegetable crops.

Forty-three isolates of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana were screened for virulence against second-instar larvae of diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) (DBM), European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) (ECB), corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea) (CEW), and fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (FAW); 30 of these isolates were tested against beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) (BAW). Highly virulent isolates were also tested against black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon) (BCW), and the most virulent isolate was also assayed against imported cabbage worm (Pieris rapae) (ICW) and cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) (CL). All lepidopteran species tested were susceptible to B.

Fungus gnat feeding and mechanical wounding inhibit Pythium aphanidermatum infection of geranium seedlings.

ABSTRACT A series of laboratory tests were conducted to investigate potential effects of fungus gnat (Bradysia impatiens) feeding damage on susceptibility of geranium seedlings (Pelargonium x hortorum) to infection by the root rot pathogen Pythium aphanidermatum. Effects were compared with those from similar tests in which the seedlings were mechanically wounded by severing the root tip with a scalpel. Assays of geranium seedlings in petri dishes revealed a pronounced negative fungus gnat-Pythium interaction, with exposure to fungus gnat larvae 24 h prior to inoculation with P.

Developmental times and life tables for shore flies, Scatella tenuicosta (Diptera: Ephydridae), at three temperatures.

Development times and survivorship of immature shore flies and longevity and reproduction of adult shore flies, Scatella tenuicosta Collin, reared on algae-infested filter paper, were studied at three temperatures (constant 20, 26, and 28.5 degrees C) through life table analysis. The development time for each individual life stage and the total time from egg to adult decreased with increasing temperature.

A tritrophic effect of host plant on susceptibility of western flower thrips to the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana.

Adult female western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) were exposed 12-24h to bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and impatiens (Impatiens wallerana) leaf disks treated with Beauveria bassiana conidia and then transferred to clean bean or impatiens at various times post-treatment. Significantly greater levels of fungal infection were observed when thrips were treated on bean versus impatiens, but exposure to impatiens following treatment had no effect on fungal infection (percent mortality). This result, combined with observations of no inhibition of germination of conidia exposed to intact or macerated impatiens foliage, indicated that the negative effect of the impatiens host plant was not due to plant chemical compounds (antibiosis).

Synergistic interaction between Beauveria bassiana- and Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis-based biopesticides applied against field populations of Colorado potato beetle larvae.

Commercial biopesticides based on the fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana strain GHA and the bacterial pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis were applied alone and in combination (tank mixed) against larval populations of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, in small plots of potatoes over three field seasons. Interactions between the two products were evaluated in terms of pest-control efficacy. B.