The 3020insC allele of NOD2 predisposes to early-onset breast cancer.

The NOD2 gene has been associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease, and more recently with carcinoma of the colon as well. NOD2 is involved in the inflammatory response and the activation of the NFkB pathway. The range of cancer types associated with NOD2 has not been well studied.

[Stromal sarcoma in pregnancy--a case report].

In this paper a case of a young pregnant woman with a uterine tumour of 9 cm in size, which was diagnosed as leiomyoma is presented. The patient was delivered at 33 weeks through caesarean section, during which abdominal viscera were found to be normal. Due to the size of the tumour, as well as its localisation--in the uterine wall in the vicinity of the big uterine vessels--an operation to excise it was postponed until after the puerperium period was over.

[Uterine myomas in pregnancy].

In this paper different views regarding the diagnosis and management of uterine myomas during pregnancy, delivery and puerperium are presented. A review was done of the complications which may develop during pregnancy depending on the sizes of the myomas and their localization in relation to the placenta. Indications for operative management of uterine myomas, given by various authors are presented.

[Congenital absence of the vagina--its diagnostic-therapeutic implications--case report].

Issues relating to diagnosis and reconstructive therapy for developmental anomalies of female genital tract are controversial. The teratogenic influence during the 6th week of intrauterine life, the time for the development of structures such as fallopian tube, uterus and cervix from the Müllerian duct may lead to their defective formation. In a 14 year old girl congenital absence of vagina, cervix developed right half of uterus (rudimentary horn?) and a pelvic kidney was diagnosed by laparoscopy and laparotomy.

[Comparison of vaginal misoprostol and oxytocin for labor induction in post-term pregnancy].

Objectives: To compare labour induction intervals between vaginal misoprostol and intravenous oxytocin as well as side effects of induction in post term pregnancies with intact membranes.

Methods: One hundred women were retrospectively selected to two groups treated with vaginal misoprostol 50 micrograms every 12 hours as needed to maximum 150 micrograms and treated with intravenous oxytocin. The primary outcome measure was time from induction to vaginal delivery.

[Application of 2% clindamycin cream in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis and valuation of methylcellulose gel containing the complex of Chitosan F and PVP k-90 with lactic acid as carrier for intravaginally adhbited medicines in the cases of pregnancies with the symptoms of preterm delivery].

Objectives: There are many reports informing about the connection between BV and the increased risk of preterm delivery. The reason of self-concession and reversion of BV after having executed an efficient treatment has not yet been properly explained.

Design: The aim of this work was the clinical valuation of the 2% Clindamycin cream in the treatment of BV and of the methylcellulose gel containing the complex of Chitosan F and PVP K-90 with lactic acid as a carrier for intravaginally adhbited medicines in the cases of pregnancies with the symptoms of a preterm delivery.

Effects of exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnancies complicted by oligohydramnios and premature rupture of the membranes. II. Activity of brush border enzymes in human amniotic fluid.

The aim of the present study was to assess the activity of membrane enzymes: alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and trehalase in amniotic fluid of women who smoke cigarettes during pregnancy complicated by idiopathic oligohydramnios or premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). The enzyme activity was measured between 22 and 31 (group A) and between 32 and 39 (group B) weeks of gestation. In the women of group A with idiopathic oligohydramnios, AAP activity was five times higher than in PROM women.

[Non-closure of the visceral peritoneum during abdominal gynecological surgery].

Objectives And Study Design: The analysis of influence of closure and nonclosure of the visceral peritoneum during abdominal gynecological surgery was done.

Materials And Methods: A postoperative course and late consequences (occurrence of adhesions) in the 427 patients were studied. There were two groups of patients: I group--203 patients who had visceral peritoneum closed, II group--224 patients who had visceral peritoneum non closed.

[Analysis of effectiveness for treating endometriosis with a Synarel (acetate naphareline) preparation].

The aim of the work was estimation of effectiveness of Synarel preparation in the treatment of pelvic pain syndrom caused by endometriosis, and assessment of remission of endometriosal focuses, situated in the small pelvis. Examination were performed on 10 cases which were divided into two groups. First of them the group of 6 patients with the intensive premenstrual pain complaints.

[Nonclosure of the visceral peritoneum during Cesarean sections].

Objectives And Study Design: The analysis of the influence of the closure or nonclosure of the visceral peritoneum during cesarean sections on the course of puerperium and late consequences.

Materials And Methods: There were 577 patients at whom cesarean section was performed. They were divided into two groups: in the first group (270 patients) during the cesarean sections visceral peritoneum was closed whereas, in the second group (307 patients) visceral peritoneum was not closed.

Effects of exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios and premature rupture of the membranes. I. Concentration of Cd and Pb in blood and Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb in amniotic fluid.

To assess the exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnant women with oligohydramnios, idiopathic or caused by premature rupture of the membranes (PROM), cotinine concentrations were measured, using enzyme-like immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In women with idiopathic oligohydramnios (22-31 weeks of gestation), serum cotinine concentration was 1010 +/- 445 micrograms/L which provides evidence that women of this group were heavy smokers. In these women, significantly higher Cd concentrations in blood and amniotic fluid were found as compared to other pregnant women.

[Levels of Cd, Pb in blood and Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb in amniotic fluid of tobacco smoking women during pregnancy complicated oligohydramnios or premature rupture of membranes].

Objectives: The ingredients of tobacco smoke have the impact on uterine blood vessels. They caused vascular insufficiency of placenta during development of gestation and changes in placental tissue and fetal membranes. It manifest changeable metal permeability and others symptoms.

[Fibronectin level in amniotic fluid as an index of unavoidable labor].

During uterus contractions detaching of amino-chorionic layer from uterus wall occurs and released fibronectin penetrates into amniotic fluid. The aim of this study was to estimate in a quantity mode the presence of fibronectin in amniotic fluid and to find the dependence between the fibronectin level in amniotic fluid and the period of time from collecting the sample to the labor. We wanted also to find the dependence between fibronectin level in amniotic fluid and duration of pregnancy, preterm rupture of amniotic membranes, patients' age, parity and number of deliveries.

[Frequency cesarean section in pregnant women with uterine myoma].

We were investigated in the connection of the frequency of cesarean sections at pregnant women with uterus myomatous and physiological pregnancies. 189 pregnant patients with myomas have been analyzed retrospectively 72 women with physiological pregnancies belong to the controlled group. Our results didn't confirm the higher risk of cesarean sections in analyzed group.

[Evaluation of the neonatal status from pregnancies complicated by PROM or oligohydramnios in smoking women].

Objectives: The aim of the study was analysis of neonatal status from pregnancies complicated oligohydramnios and from pregnancies complicated premature rupture of the membranes (PROM).

Materials And Methods: Authors analyzed 15 newborns from pregnancies with oligohydramnios diagnosed and 15- from pregnancies complicated PROM. Mothers of these newborns smoked cigarettes or were exposed to tobacco smoke.

[Activity of N-b-D-acetylglucosaminidase molecular forms in amniotic fluid of tobacco smoking pregnant women with oligohydramnios or premature rupture of the membrane complications].

Objectives: Morphological lesions in placenta and changed metal distribution through placenta, which were observed in pregnancy exposed to tobacco smoke, could cause alternations in lysosomal enzymes secretion to amniotic fluid.

Design: Assessment of total activity and molecular forms of N-beta-D-acetylglucosaminidase in amniotic fluid in pregnancy with oligohydramnios or PROM.

Materials And Methods: The materials for studies were amniotic fluids collected from pregnancy with oligohydramnios and from pregnancy with PROM.

[Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 (IGFBP-1) in vaginal secretion as a marker of premature rupture of amniotic membranes].

Diagnosis of premature rupture of amniotic membranes in premature pregnancy allows to estimate dangers which threaten foetus and pregnant woman and helps to put into practice the most accurate therapeutics procedures. The aim of this study was to prove the clinical usefulness of test detecting insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in vaginal secretion for diagnose of premature rupture of amniotic membranes and compare the sensiviteness and specificity the above test with Gram stained vaginal smears. We examined group of 50 pregnant women between 25 and 42 week of pregnancy treated in Department of Fertility and Obstetrics Medical University of Wrocław.

[The use of Gynipral (hexoprenaline) in suppression of uterus contractions].

Objective: The aim of of this study was to estimate the effectiveness and tolerance of Gynipral (hexoprenaline)-beta-2 sympathomimetic used as oral and intravenous tocolytic.

Material And Methods: We analysed 110 pregnant women admitted to the hospital with premature uterus contractions between 17 and 37 week of pregnancy. Pregnant women were divided into two groups.

[Changes in morphological picture of the semen in the group of men from infertile couples in the Lower Silesia in 1977-1993].

Objectives: To reveal the trends of the particular semen parameters changes during the 17 years period.

Design: Semen analysis results were retrospectively evaluated.

Materials And Methods: We have analysed semiograms from 618 men from infertile couples in 1977-1993.

[Usefulness of ultrasonographic measurement for fetal sacrum length in assessment of gestational age in physiologic pregnancy].

Assessment of gestational age is one of the most important aims of ultrasonography in obstetrics. As pregnancy progresses, influences of factors which makes the growth of the fetuses different, cumulates. It has been revealed that the earlier in pregnancy ultrasound examination was performed, the better precision in the assessment of gestational age was obtained.

[Usefulness of amniotic fluid index determination in monitoring the effectiveness of amniotic infusion in pregnancy complicated by oligohydramnios].

In our research we intended to evaluate the usefulness of AFI measurements in the monitoring of the effectiveness of the amnioinfusions in the cases of pregnancy complicated by premature rupture of membranes (PROM), or in the selected cases idiopathic oligohydramnios, in pregnancies between 26-36 weeks of gestation.

Delayed interval delivery in a quintuplet pregnancy.

We present a case report of delayed delivery of a quintuplet pregnancy. The pregnancy resulted from intrauterine insemination following hormonal treatment. This case may represent the first report of quintuplets delivered using the technique of delayed interval delivery.

Effect of exogenous tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and interferons on vesicular stomatitis virus replication in human placenta and amniotic membrane organ cultures.

Effects of exogenous cytokines on replication of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) in amniotic membrane and placental organ cultures (OC) were studied. We compared the effects observed in OC and established human carcinoma cell lines: A549 and HEp-2. Recombinant human tumor necrosis factor alpha (rHuTNF-alpha), added to amniotic membrane, villous, or decidual OC at concentrations of 30 to 3000 U/ml, potentiated VSV replication by 10-1000 fold.

[Evaluation of the usefulness and reference values for the amniotic fluid index in normal pregnancy between 30 and 42 weeks of gestation].

The four-quadrant sum of amniotic fluid pockets (amniotic fluid index) was studied prospectively in 130 normal pregnancies from 30 to 42 weeks. Statistical investigation were used to establish the mean, 95% confidence intervals and standard deviations for the AFI at each week of gestation. The AFI value decreased since 30 week, especially between 33 and 34 week and after 41 week.

[Evaluation of the effect of oxytocin use for labor induction on frequency of occurrence and severity of neonatal jaundice].

Authors conducted analysis of effect of method used (which consisted of use of oxytocin, vit B, oestradiol) for labour induction on frequency of occurrence and severity of neonatal jaundice on 3rd day of neonatal life. Analysed material consisted of 1154 deliveries between the years 1990 to 1992 in IInd Department of Obstetrics AM Wrocław. Only completely physiological pregnancies qualified for analysis.