Transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis of a rare entity: Premenopausal ovarian hyperthecosis.

Ovarian hyperthecosis (OH) is a benign pathology, less common in premenopause. Literature is poor on its ultrasound (US) characteristics. We suggest that a heterogeneous ovary at US, with a central vascularisation and follicles to the periphery, with or without hyperandrogenism, should lead to consider OH in the hands of experts.

Approaches for hysterectomy and implementation of robot-assisted surgery in benign gynaecological disease: A cost analysis study in a large university hospital.

Background: As a minimally invasive technique, robot-assisted hysterectomy (RAH) offers surgical advantages and significant reduction in morbidity compared to open surgery. Despite the increasing use of RAH in benign gynaecology, there is limited data on its cost-effectiveness, especially in a European context. Our goal is to assess the costs of the different hysterectomy approaches, to describe their clinical outcomes, and to evaluate the impact of introduction of RAH on the rates of different types of hysterectomy.

Accessory cavitated uterine malformation (ACUM): A scoping review.

Introduction: Accessory cavitated uterine malformation (ACUM) is a relatively recent term used to describe a noncommunicating, accessory uterine cavity. ACUM have been published under different terms ranging from juvenile cystic adenomyosis to "uterus-like mass". The objective of this study was to systematically identify all cases of ACUM and definitions described in the literature, regardless of label, and identify morphological, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics as well as management, while also highlighting knowledge gaps.

Multiclass risk models for ovarian malignancy: an illustration of prediction uncertainty due to the choice of algorithm.

Background: Assessing malignancy risk is important to choose appropriate management of ovarian tumors. We compared six algorithms to estimate the probabilities that an ovarian tumor is benign, borderline malignant, stage I primary invasive, stage II-IV primary invasive, or secondary metastatic.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study used 5909 patients recruited from 1999 to 2012 for model development, and 3199 patients recruited from 2012 to 2015 for model validation.

O-RADS US v2022: An Update from the American College of Radiology's Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System US Committee.

First published in 2019, the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) US provides a standardized lexicon for ovarian and adnexal lesions, enables stratification of these lesions with use of a numeric score based on morphologic features to indicate the risk of malignancy, and offers management guidance. This risk stratification system has subsequently been validated in retrospective studies and has yielded good interreader concordance, even with users of different levels of expertise. As use of the system increased, it was recognized that an update was needed to address certain clinical challenges, clarify recommendations, and incorporate emerging data from validation studies.

External Validation of the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) Lexicon and the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis 2-Step Strategy to Stratify Ovarian Tumors Into O-RADS Risk Groups.

Importance: Correct diagnosis of ovarian cancer results in better prognosis. Adnexal lesions can be stratified into the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) risk of malignancy categories with either the O-RADS lexicon, proposed by the American College of Radiology, or the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) 2-step strategy.

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic performance of the O-RADS lexicon and the IOTA 2-step strategy.

Uterine hemangioma in pregnancy: A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: Uterine hemangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor which can cause bleeding problems in various age groups. Current knowledge on this rare condition in pregnancy is limited. We report on a recent case of uterine hemangioma in a pregnancy that was already diagnosed during her first trimester.

Nucleosome footprinting in plasma cell-free DNA for the pre-surgical diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Fragmentation patterns of plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are known to reflect nucleosome positions of cell types contributing to cfDNA. Based on cfDNA fragmentation patterns, the deviation in nucleosome footprints was quantified between diagnosed ovarian cancer patients and healthy individuals. Multinomial modeling was subsequently applied to capture these deviations in a per sample nucleosome footprint score.

Peripherally-driven myeloid NFkB and IFN/ISG responses predict malignancy risk, survival, and immunotherapy regime in ovarian cancer.

Background: Tumors can influence peripheral immune macroenvironment, thereby creating opportunities for non-invasive serum/plasma immunobiomarkers for immunostratification and immunotherapy designing. However, current approaches for immunobiomarkers' detection are largely quantitative, which is unreliable for assessing functional peripheral immunodynamics of patients with cancer. Hence, we aimed to design a functional biomarker modality for capturing peripheral immune signaling in patients with cancer for reliable immunostratification.

Validation of models to diagnose ovarian cancer in patients managed surgically or conservatively: multicentre cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the performance of diagnostic prediction models for ovarian malignancy in all patients with an ovarian mass managed surgically or conservatively.

Design: Multicentre cohort study.

Setting: 36 oncology referral centres (tertiary centres with a specific gynaecological oncology unit) or other types of centre.

Intrauterine Fluid Instillation and Transtubal Flow: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Gel and Water.

Background: Possible transtubal spillage of malignant cells is a major concern in fluid instillation sonography, as it is in hysteroscopy. This study aims to compare the transtubal flow of gel and saline and validate the clinical hypothesis that application of fluids with higher viscosity causes less spillage.

Methods: Randomized controlled trial comparing gel and saline infusion on 15 tissue specimens after hysterectomy with bilateral salpingectomy.

Advanced Doppler imaging and trucut biopsy of a late-stage cervical lymphoma.

Extranodal lymphomas of the cervix are rare entities that are often misdiagnosed. Imaging and tissue diagnosis are a key to early identification and differentiation from other types of cervical lesions. We report on a case of cervical lymphoma, assessed with three-dimensional Doppler-augmented Radiantflow technology and subjected to deep cervical sampling through trucut core needle biopsy.

O-RADS US Risk Stratification and Management System: A Consensus Guideline from the ACR Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Committee.

The Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) US risk stratification and management system is designed to provide consistent interpretations, to decrease or eliminate ambiguity in US reports resulting in a higher probability of accuracy in assigning risk of malignancy to ovarian and other adnexal masses, and to provide a management recommendation for each risk category. It was developed by an international multidisciplinary committee sponsored by the American College of Radiology and applies the standardized reporting tool for US based on the 2018 published lexicon of the O-RADS US working group. For risk stratification, the O-RADS US system recommends six categories (O-RADS 0-5), incorporating the range of normal to high risk of malignancy.