A mixed-method study on antimicrobial resistance infection drivers in neonatal intensive care units: pathways, risks, and solutions.

Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) complicates treatment of healthcare-associated infections, causing high morbidity and mortality, especially among low-birth-weight and critically ill infants. This study evaluates AMR prevalence, risk factors, outcomes and infection control measures at Felege Hiwot Hospital, aiming to guide clinical practices, antimicrobial stewardship, and improved neonatal health outcomes.

Methods: This mixed-methods study (Oct 2022-Jun 2023) assessed AMR in NICU neonates by analyzing 420 blood samples, environmental swabs, and staff insights.