Clinical and virological descriptive study in the 2011 outbreak of dengue in the Amazonas, Brazil.

Background: Dengue is a vector-borne disease in the tropical and subtropical region of the world and is transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. In the state of Amazonas, Brazil during the 2011 outbreak of dengue all the four Dengue virus (DENV) serotypes circulating simultaneously were observed. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical epidemiology of dengue in Manaus, the capital city of the state of the Amazonas, where all the four DENV serotypes were co-circulating simultaneously.

Detection of Herpesvirus, Enterovirus, and Arbovirus infection in patients with suspected central nervous system viral infection in the Western Brazilian Amazon.

Acute infections of the central nervous system (CNS) can be caused by various pathogens. In this study, the presence of herpesviruses (HHV), enteroviruses (EVs), and arboviruses were investigated in CSF samples from 165 patients with suspected CNS viral infection through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcriptase PCR. The genomes of one or more viral agents were detected in 29.

Borderline tuberculoid leprosy and type 1 leprosy reaction in a hepatitis C patient during treatment with interferon and ribavirin.

Hepatitis C is an inflammatory disease of the liver caused by a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Hepacivirus genus in the Flaviviridae family, called the hepatitis C virus. After initial infection, 70% to 85% of the patients develop chronic hepatitis C with hepatic fibrosis. In addition to specific liver changes, various extrahepatic manifestations have been associated with the hepatitis C virus infection or with medications used to treat the condition.

Hepatitis D virus infection in the Western Brazilian Amazon - far from a vanishing disease.

Introduction: A decline in hepatitis D virus (HDV) occurrence was described in Europe and Asia. We estimated HDV prevalence in the Brazilian Amazon following hepatitis B vaccination.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey of HDV measured by total antibodies to HDV (anti-HD T).

Mayaro virus infection in amazonia: a multimodel inference approach to risk factor assessment.

Background: Arboviral diseases are major global public health threats. Yet, our understanding of infection risk factors is, with a few exceptions, considerably limited. A crucial shortcoming is the widespread use of analytical methods generally not suited for observational data--particularly null hypothesis-testing (NHT) and step-wise regression (SWR).

Epidemiology and molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus infection in isolated villages in the Western Brazilian Amazon.

Individuals from three isolated, rural communities in the western Brazilian Amazon were evaluated for serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, HBV genotype, and the presence of risk factors for infection and transmission. Of the 225 individuals studied, 79.1% had serological evidence of HBV infection; 10.

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and carriage after nineteen years of vaccination program in the Western Brazilian Amazon.

Introduction: Reductions in the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and carriage, decreases in liver cancer incidence, and changes in patterns of liver dysfunctions are described after hepatitis B vaccination.

Methods: We conducted a population-based seroprevalence study aimed at estimating the HBV prevalence and risk of infection in the rural area of Lábrea following nineteen years of HBV vaccination.

Results: Half of the subjects showed total anti-HBc of 52.

Molecular characterization of the hepatitis B virus in autochthonous and endogenous populations in the Western Brazilian Amazon.

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health issue worldwide. Hepatitis B virus is classified into eight genotypes, varying from A to H, with distinct geographical distributions. In Brazil, the most frequent genotypes are A, D, and F.

Serological evidence of hantavirus infection in rural and urban regions in the state of Amazonas, Brazil.

Hantavirus disease is caused by the hantavirus, which is an RNA virus belonging to the family Bunyaviridae. Hantavirus disease is an anthropozoonotic infection transmitted through the inhalation of aerosols from the excreta of hantavirus-infected rodents. In the county of Itacoatiara in the state of Amazonas (AM), Brazil, the first human cases of hantavirus pulmonary and cardiovascular syndrome were described in July 2004.

Prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection: the paradoxical example of isolated communities in the western Brazilian Amazon region.

This study evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis A virus infection in the rural area of Lábrea, in the western Brazilian Amazon region. Communities and households were selected randomly. Serum samples were analyzed by means of the immunoenzymatic method for the presence of total antibodies against HAV.

Hepatitis C virus screening and clinical monitoring of biomarkers in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

In this study, 395 volunteers were enrolled to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus, the immunological and the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) biomarkers amongst hemodialysis patients, living in Manaus, Brazil. An overall seroprevalence of 13.9% was found in the hemodialysis patients.

[Occult hepatitis B: prevalence and clinical characteristics in a population with high endemicity of hepatitis B infection in the western Brazilian Amazon region].

A persistent form of the hepatitis B virus called occult chronic hepatitis B has recently been described. Its prevalence and physiopathology are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of this clinical entity among patients in the Brazilian Amazon region.

Low prevalence of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis D virus and hepatitis C virus among patients with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the Brazilian Amazon basin.

Comorbidities in human immunodeficiency virus infection are of great interest due to their association with unfavorable outcomes and failure of antiretroviral therapy. This study evaluated the prevalence of coinfection by human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis in an endemic area for hepatitis B in the Western Amazon basin. Serological markers for hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and hepatitis D virus were tested in a consecutive sample of all patients referred for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

[Coinfection between hepatitis B virus and malaria: clinical, serologic and immunologic aspects].

The Amazon region is known for a high prevalence of hepatitis B infection, and accounts for more than 90% of malaria cases in Brazil. It has been suggested that the occurrence of coinfections may be important, and may influence the natural history of both diseases. This study evaluated 545 patients with acute malaria, in Coari, Western Brazilian Amazon.

[Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and malaria infection in Lábrea, Brazilian western Amazon: estimates of coinfection rates].

The Amazon region is known for the high occurrence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and accounts for more than 98% of malaria cases in Brazil. Despite the controversy, it has been proposed that when associated they may lead to important effects in the natural history of both infections. This study estimates the prevalence of coinfection within general population of an endemic region of HBV and malaria in the Brazilian Amazon.

[Hepatitis B and D virus infection within Amerindians ethnic groups in the Brazilian Amazon: epidemiological aspects].

Several studies describe very high prevalence rates of infection and disease of hepatitis B and D within Native American population. This is a review of what has been described among Amerindians of Brazilian Amazon. Some groups show low prevalence rates of HBsAg, whereas, others of the same region reveal high endemic pattern, even among individuals less then 10 years of age.

[Prevalence of hepatitis B virus markers within household contacts in the State of Amazonas].

The aim of our investigation was to evaluate, with a prevalence study, the modes of transmission of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), within infected subjects and their household contacts in the State of Amazon, western Brazilian Amazon. We studied 97 index cases and 258 household contacts. Out of the 258 household contacts of HBV, 51.