Thoracic duct cannulation during left internal jugular vein cannulation: A case report.

Background: Central venous catheter insertion is an invasive procedure that can cause complications such as infection, embolization due to air or blood clots, pneumothorax, hemothorax, and, rarely, chylothorax due to damage to the thoracic duct. Herein, we report a case of suspected thoracic duct cannulation that occurred during left central venous catheter insertion. Fortunately, the patient was discharged without any adverse events related to thoracic duct cannulation.

Combinations of nerve blocks in surgery for post COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae patient: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Regional anesthesia is a promising method in patients with post coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pulmonary sequelae for preserving pulmonary function and preventing postoperative pulmonary complications, compared with general anesthesia.

Case Summary: We provided surgical anesthesia and analgesia suitable for breast surgery by performing pectoral nerve block type II (PECS-II), parasternal, and intercostobrachial nerve blocks with intravenous dexmedetomidine administration in a 61-year-old female patient with severe pulmonary sequelae after COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion: Sufficient analgesia for 7 h was provided PECS-II, parasternal, and intercostobrachial blocks perioperatively.

Musculoskeletal Disorders, Pain Medication, and in-Hospital Mortality among Patients with COVID-19 in South Korea: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

We aimed to investigate whether comorbid musculoskeletal disorders (MSD)s and pain medication use was associated with in-hospital mortality among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Adult patients (≥20 years old) with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis until 5 June 2020 were included in this study, based on the National Health Insurance COVID-19 database in South Korea. MSDs included osteoarthritis, neck pain, lower back pain, rheumatoid arthritis, and others, while pain medication included paracetamol, gabapentin, pregabalin, glucocorticoid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), opioids (strong and weak opioids), and benzodiazepine.

Factors affecting propofol dosage for sedation in pediatric oncology.

Background: There is limited reference data for determining the appropriate dose of propofol for individual patients. Therefore, we investigated the factors affecting propofol dosage for pediatric patients undergoing sedation for computed tomography (CT) simulation.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records of pediatric patients who underwent CT simulation for proton therapy following a cancer diagnosis at the National Cancer Center (Korea) between 1 May 2012 and 30 April 2016.

Investigation of opioid use and long-term oncologic outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with surgery.

Opioids are commonly used for postoperative pain control in cancer patients. In addition to pain control, an association between opioid use and long-term oncologic outcomes, such as recurrence or overall survival, has been postulated. The aim of this study was to determine whether postoperative opioid use in patients with non-small cell lung cancer is associated with long-term oncologic outcomes, including recurrence and death.

The Effect of Chronic Opioid Use on End-Tidal Concentration of Sevoflurane Necessary to Maintain a Bispectral Index Below 50: A Prospective, Single-Blind Study.

Background: Opioid analgesics decrease the minimum alveolar concentration of inhalation agents during the acute phase response. However, the effect of chronic opioid exposure on minimum alveolar concentration of inhalation agents remains unknown. This study aimed to determine the concentration of sevoflurane necessary to maintain a bispectral index (BIS) <50 (SEVOBIS50) in patients with chronic opioid use compared with those naïve to opioid use.

Effects of preoperative ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block on pain after laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Background: Although laparoscopic colorectal surgery decreases postoperative pain and facilitates a speedier recovery compared with laparotomy, postoperative pain at trocar insertion sites remains a clinical concern. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of a preoperative ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block on pain after laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods: In total, 58 patients scheduled to undergo laparoscopic surgery following a diagnosis of colorectal cancer were included in this study.

The administration of high-dose propofol sedation with manual and target-controlled infusion in children undergoing radiation therapy: a 7-year clinical investigation.

Background: Radiation therapy requires the patient to remain immobile for a long time, which is challenging in children. This study therefore aimed to determine the adequate target concentration and dosage of propofol in target-controlled infusion (TCI) and manual infusion (MI) in children requiring sedation for proton radiation therapy. Our hypothesis is that the adequate dose of propofol sedation required for proton radiation therapy in pediatric patients was larger than that seen in previous studies.

Interactions of midazolam and propofol on α1β2γ2L and α1β2γ2S gamma aminobutyric acid type A receptors expressed in human embryonic kidney cells.

Background: The gamma aminobutyric acid type A (GABA(A)) receptor is a prime target of many anesthetics, including midazolam and propofol. Although these anesthetics have sedative and hypnotic properties by enhancing GABA(A) receptor activity, their interactions at the GABA(A) receptors have not been explored. We investigated the interaction of midazolam and propofol with α(1)β(2)γ(2)L and α(1)β(2)γ(2)S GABA(A) receptors.

The effects of midazolam and sevoflurane on the GABA(A) receptors with alternatively spliced variants of the γ2 subunit.

Background: Emergence agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children can be prevented by midazolam. Alternative splicing of the GABA(A) receptor changes with age. Therefore, we hypothesized that alternative splicing of the γ2 subunit affects the GABA current when applying sevoflurane and midazolam.

Persistency and pathway of isoflurane-induced inhibition of superoxide production by neutrophils.

Background: Our previous work has demonstrated that treatment with isoflurane has a preconditioning-like inhibitory effect on superoxide production (SOP) by polymorphonuclear neutrophils. The current objectives were to determine persistency of this effect and to clarify where in the signalling pathway this inhibition of SOP occurred. The latter was accomplished using two receptor-dependent neutrophil agonists, platelet activating factor (PAF) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), and two receptor-independent neutrophil stimuli, the protein-kinase C stimulator, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), and the calcium ionophore, A23187.