Gastric and colorectal cancer incidence attributable to dietary factors in Korea.

Background: Dietary factors play a role in the etiology of gastrointestinal cancer. We aimed to estimate the burden of gastric and colorectal cancer that can be attributable to dietary factors in adults aged 20 years and older in Korea in 2018.

Methods: Dietary intakes in 2000 were estimated using data from the 2001, 2005, and 2007-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES).

National Follow-up Survey of Preventable Trauma Death Rate in Korea.

Background: The preventable trauma death rate survey is a basic tool for the quality management of trauma treatment because it is a method that can intuitively evaluate the level of national trauma treatment. We conducted this study as a national biennial follow-up survey project and report the results of the review of the 2019 trauma death data in Korea.

Methods: From January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019, of a total of 8,482 trauma deaths throughout the country, 1,692 were sampled from 279 emergency medical institutions in Korea.

Neurological Prognostication Using Raw EEG Patterns and Spectrograms of Frontal EEG in Cardiac Arrest Patients.

Purpose: We investigated which raw EEG and spectrogram patterns in frontal EEG predict poor neurological outcomes in patients with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy after cardiac arrest.

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, observational study included 52 patients with anoxic brain injury after cardiac arrest. Raw EEGs and spectrograms (color density spectral arrays) measured with hardwired frontal EEG monitoring were used to predict poor prognosis.

Clinical Guidance for Point-of-Care Ultrasound in the Emergency and Critical Care Areas after Implementing Insurance Coverage in Korea.

Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a useful tool that is widely used in the emergency and intensive care areas. In Korea, insurance coverage of ultrasound examination has been gradually expanding in accordance with measures to enhance Korean National Insurance Coverage since 2017 to 2021, and which will continue until 2021. Full coverage of health insurance for POCUS in the emergency and critical care areas was implemented in July 2019.

Effect of trophic conditions on microalga growth, nutrient removal, algal organic matter, and energy storage products in Scenedesmus (Acutodesmus) obliquus KGE-17 cultivation.

This study compared the performance of microalga growth, nutrient removal, algal organic matter, and energy storage products in mixotrophic, photoautotrophic, and heterotrophic conditions. Scenedesmus obliquus was used as a model species. Mixotrophic condition showed the highest specific growth rate of 0.

Continuous neuromuscular blockade infusion for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated with targeted temperature management: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: The aim of this trial was to investigate the effect of a continuous infusion of a neuromuscular blockade (NMB) in comatose out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) subjects who underwent targeted temperature management (TTM).

Methods: In this open-label, multicenter trial, subjects resuscitated from OHCA were randomly assigned to receive either NMB (38 subjects) or placebo (43 subjects) for 24 hours. Sedatives and analgesics were given according to the protocol of each hospital during TTM.

Optic nerve sheath diameter measured using early unenhanced brain computed tomography shows no correlation with neurological outcomes in patients undergoing targeted temperature management after cardiac arrest.

Aim: Previous studies indicated that the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) measured using brain computed tomography (CT) is a prognostic factor for poor neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. However, these studies were retrospective or included a small sample size. We performed a prospective multi-centre observational study to investigate the correlation between the ONSD on early brain CT and neurological outcomes in patients undergoing targeted temperature management (TTM).

Successful Use of Targeted Temperature Management After Repair of Myocardial Rupture from Blunt Chest Trauma: A Case Report.

Targeted temperature management (TTM) improves survival and neurological outcome after nontraumatic cardiac arrest. However, TTM is not used widely after traumatic cardiac arrest because of concerns that it might exacerbate bleeding. We report the use of postarrest TTM after repair of blunt myocardial rupture.

Nutritional Care of Gastric Cancer Patients with Clinical Outcomes and Complications: A Review.

The incidence and mortality of gastric cancer have been steadily decreased over the past few decades. However, gastric cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer deaths across many regions of the world, particularly in Asian countries. In previous studies, nutrition has been considered one of significant risk factors in gastric cancer patients.

Evaluating integrated strategies for robust treatment of high saline piggery wastewater.

In this study, we integrated physicochemical and biological strategies for the robust treatment of piggery effluent in which high levels of organic constituents, inorganic nutrients, color, and salts remained. Piggery effluent that was stabilized in an anaerobic digester was sequentially coagulated, micro-filtered, and air-stripped prior to biological treatment with mixotrophic algal species that showed tolerance to high salinity (up to 4.8% as Cl(-)).

Prognostic values of gray matter to white matter ratios on early brain computed tomography in adult comatose patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of cardiac etiology.

Aim Of The Study: Previous studies found that the gray matter to white matter ratio (GWR) on brain computed tomography (CT) could be used to predict poor outcomes in cardiac arrest survivors. However, these studies have included cardiac arrests of both cardiac and non-cardiac etiologies. We sought to evaluate if the GWR on brain CT can help to predict poor outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) of cardiac etiology.

Outcomes of asphyxial cardiac arrest patients who were treated with therapeutic hypothermia: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: While therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is in clinical use, its efficacy in certain patient groups is unclear. This study was designed to describe the characteristics and outcomes of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac-arrest (OHCA) caused by asphyxia, who were treated with TH.

Patients And Methods: A multicentre, retrospective, registry-based study was performed using data from the period 2007-2012.

The effects of physical activity on breast cancer survivors after diagnosis.

Adverse health outcomes are often seen in breast cancer survivors due to prolonged treatment with side effects such as loss of energy and lack of physical strength. Physical activity (PA) has been proposed as an adequate intervention for women with breast cancer. Therefore, this review summarizes the effects of physical activity on breast cancer survivors after diagnosis.

Outcome and current status of therapeutic hypothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Korea using data from the Korea Hypothermia Network registry.

Objective: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) has become the standard strategy for reducing brain damage in the postresuscitation period. The aim of this study was to investigate current TH performance and outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors using data from the Korean Hypothermia Network (KORHN) registry.

Methods: We used the KORHN registry, a web-based multicenter registry that includes 24 participating hospitals throughout the Republic of Korea.

Optimizing cultivation strategies for robust algal growth and consequent removal of inorganic nutrients in pretreated livestock effluent.

Dilution was employed as a pretreatment strategy to increase light transmittance and decrease ammonia toxicity in piggery effluent prior to the cultivation of microalgae. The dilution effect was quantitatively determined based on both the maximum specific nutrient consumption rate and the maximum growth coefficient to minimize the usage of diluent. The biomass productivity of microalgae was also evaluated to select the best species among the five different candidates examined.

Dietary factors and the risk of thyroid cancer: a review.

In the past few decades, the incidence of thyroid cancer has rapidly increased worldwide. Thyroid cancer incidence is relatively high in regions where the population's daily iodine intake is insufficient. While low dietary iodine has been considered as a risk factor for thyroid cancer development, previous studies found controversial results across different food types.

Gene-diet interactions in gastric cancer risk: a systematic review.

Aim: To conduct a systematic review of the published epidemiological studies investigating the association of the interactions between gene variants and dietary intake with gastric cancer risk.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE for articles published between January 2000 and July 2013, and 38 studies were identified. Previous studies included various dietary factors (e.

Abdominal solid organ injury in trauma patients with pelvic bone fractures.

Background: We analyzed the clinical progression of trauma patients with pelvic bone fractures so to determine the risk factors associated with sustaining concurrent abdominal solid organ injuries.

Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review. Subjects were categorized based on injury type: solid organ versus non-solid organ injury groups.

Ozonation of piggery wastewater for enhanced removal of contaminants by S. quadricauda and the impact on organic characteristics.

The feasibility of using ozonation pretreatment was investigated for a better performance of post microalgae-based wastewater remediation when treating piggery effluent which was anaerobically digested and subsequently micro-filtered. Ozonation pretreatment at a dose of 1.1mg-O3 mg-C(-1) or higher significantly improved the transmittance of light illumination through the mixed liquor by decolorizing the piggery effluent as culture media, which resulted in increasing both the productivity of algal biomass and the associated removal of inorganic nutrients from the effluent.

Automated pulmonary nodule detection based on three-dimensional shape-based feature descriptor.

Computer-aided detection (CAD) can help radiologists to detect pulmonary nodules at an early stage. In pulmonary nodule CAD systems, feature extraction is very important for describing the characteristics of nodule candidates. In this paper, we propose a novel three-dimensional shape-based feature descriptor to detect pulmonary nodules in CT scans.

Nationwide online social networking for cardiovascular care in Korea using Facebook.

To examine the use of online social networking for cardiovascular care using Facebook. All posts and comments in a Facebook group between June 2011 and May 2012 were reviewed, and a survey was conducted. A total of 298 members participated.

Clinical characteristics of pneumonia in hospitalized patients with novel influenza A (H1N1) in Korea.

In March 2009, a novel influenza H1N1 virus (2009 H1N1) emerged and spread worldwide. We describe the clinical course of pneumonia in patients hospitalized with 2009 H1N1 in Korea from August to mid-October 2009. Of 351 patients with a confirmed 2009 H1N1 infection, a total of 17 patients with pneumonia were admitted to an acute care unit.

PCA-based method for 3D shape recovery of microscopic objects from image focus using discrete cosine transform.

This article introduces a new algorithm for shape from focus (SFF) based on discrete cosine transform (DCT) and principal component analysis (PCA). DCT is applied on a small 3D neighborhood for each pixel in the image volume. Instead of summing all focus values in a window, AC parts of DCT are collected and then PCA is applied to transform this data into eigenspace.