Investigating disparity in labor epidural analgesia management in black vs. white women: a retrospective case-control study (2018-2022).

Background: Disparities in labor epidural analgesia (LEA) management could reduce maternal satisfaction and increase risk. We compared times from the first administration of breakthrough pain medication (top-up) to LEA replacement to evaluate disparities across race.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study (01-01-2018 to 12-31-2022), all patients with LEA and maternal race/ethnicity of non-Hispanic White or Black were eligible.

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Nucleophilic Propargylations of Azinium Ions via Hydroxydihydroazine Intermediates.

The nucleophilic propargylation of azinium ions with a propargylboronate proceeds efficiently under gold(I) catalysis. A range of N-alkylated pyridinium, quinolinium, and pyrazinium ions undergo propargylation with good yields and high regioselectivities to give various functionalized 1,4-dihydropyridines, 1,2-dihydropyridines, 1,4-dihydroquinolines, 1,2-dihydroquinolines, and 4,5-dihydropyrazines. No allenylation side-products are observed.

Safety in Subsequent Lines of Therapy in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Follicular Lymphoma.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a disease often characterized by chronic and successive relapses after first-line chemoimmunotherapy. Although chemoimmunotherapy and combination therapy, such as lenalidomide with rituximab, are well established in the treatment sequence of FL, there is a need to streamline treatment options and determine placement of novel agents, such as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, an enhancer of zeste homolog 2 inhibitor, or a phosphoinositide 3 kinase inhibitor, into the treatment landscape. As such, the purpose of this review is to compare the safety profiles of approved agents in subsequent lines of therapy for relapsed or refractory FL and to assess how the management of adverse events may impact treatment choice.

Continuum of non-targeted data for long term study of complex samples generated by direct infusion ultra-high resolution mass spectrometry.

Non-targeted chemical analysis is a powerful tool for exploration of the unknown chemistry of complex matrices such as food, biological, geochemical, environmental and even extra-terrestrial samples. It allows researchers to ask open, unbiased questions about their system chemistry. Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) offers these options and has been widely used to study complex mixtures, with its unmatched mass resolution enabling direct infusion methods and eliminating the challenges of chromatographic alignment in large-scale longitudinal projects.

PREVENTion and treatment of incontinence-associated dermatitis through a codesigned manual (PREVENT-IAD): a study protocol for a feasibility cluster randomised controlled trial with a nested process evaluation.

Introduction: Incontinence is commonly experienced by adults who receive care support in a residential facility or in their own home. These individuals are at risk of developing incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD), which is caused by prolonged and repeated exposure of the skin to urine or faeces. An IAD manual was developed providing an evidence-based clinical algorithm and an e-learning training programme for the prevention and treatment of IAD.

Discrete, recurrent, and scalable patterns in non-operant judgement underlie affective picture ratings.

Operant keypress tasks in a reinforcement-reward framework where behavior is shaped by its consequence, show lawful relationships in human preference behavior (i.e., approach/avoidance) and have been analogized to "wanting".

Physical activity and heart rate in PTSD inpatients: Moderation by custody of a service dog.

Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with autonomic hyperarousal often shown to involve elevated resting heart rate and, simultaneously if somewhat paradoxically, reduced physical activity. Both are risk factors for cardiovascular disease and so may contribute to its elevated prevalence in persons with this diagnosis. Epidemiological studies have observed dog owners to exhibit lower rates of cardiovascular disease.

Conservative, physical and surgical interventions for managing faecal incontinence and constipation in adults with central neurological diseases.

Background: People with central neurological disease or injury have a much higher risk of both faecal incontinence (FI) and constipation than the general population. There is often a fine line between the two symptoms, with management intended to ameliorate one risking precipitating the other. Bowel problems are observed to be the cause of much anxiety and may reduce quality of life in these people.

Fecal microbiota transplantation from protozoa-exposed donors downregulates immune response in a germ-free mouse model, its role in immune response and physiology of the intestine.

Intestinal parasites are part of the intestinal ecosystem and have been shown to establish close interactions with the intestinal microbiota. However, little is known about the influence of intestinal protozoa on the regulation of the immune response. In this study, we analyzed the regulation of the immune response of germ-free mice transplanted with fecal microbiota (FMT) from individuals with multiple parasitic protozoans (P) and non-parasitized individuals (NP).

Identifying and predicting heat stress events for grazing dairy cows using rumen temperature boluses.

Heat stress events in dairy cows are associated with behavioral and physiological changes such as seeking shade, increased respiration rate and body temperature, reduced milk production, and psychological distress. Knowledge of the relationship between weather and animal responses to heat stress enables automated alerts using forecast weather, aiding early provision of shade or other mitigation practices. While numerous heat stress indices for cattle have been developed, these have limitations for cows exposed to wind and solar radiation (i.

P6 acupressure versus sham acupressure for prevention of intraoperative nausea and vomiting during cesarean delivery under neuraxial anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Intraoperative and postoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV and PONV) are common during cesarean delivery (CD) with neuraxial anesthesia. Limited information exists on the antiemetic benefit of combined P6 acupoint stimulation with acupressure (P6 acupressure) and pharmacologic antiemetics on preventing IONV and PONV after CD. This study assessed the antiemetic efficacy of P6 acupressure compared to a non-P6 acupoint stimulation with acupressure (sham acupressure) in preventing IONV during CD.

Both pathogen and host dynamically adapt pH responses along the intestinal tract during enteric bacterial infection.

Enteric pathogens navigate distinct regional microenvironments within the intestine that cue important adaptive behaviors. We investigated the response of Citrobacter rodentium, a model of human pathogenic Escherichia coli infection in mice, to regional gastrointestinal pH. We found that small intestinal pH (4.

Group-based pelvic floor muscle training for pregnant women: A randomized controlled feasibility study.

Aim: This study aims to test the feasibility and acceptability of a group-based pelvic floor muscle training for pregnant women in China and facilitate women's adherence to the pelvic floor muscle training programme.

Background: Urinary incontinence is a prevalent health problem in women worldwide, especially in pregnant women. Supervised pelvic floor muscle training is recommended as the first-line conservative treatment for urinary incontinence.

Synthesis, anti-diabetic profiling and molecular docking studies of 2-(2-arylidenehydrazinyl)thiazol-4(5)-ones.

To synthesize novel more potent anti-diabetic agents. A simple cost effective synthetic strategy was used to synthesize 2-(2-arylidenehydrazinyl)thiazol-4(5)-ones. Fifteen new 2-(2-arylidenehydrazinyl)thiazol-4(5)-ones were established to check their anti-diabetic potential.

Guideline-Concordant Surgical Care for Lobular Versus Ductal Inflammatory Breast Cancer.

Introduction: Quality of surgical care is understudied for lobular inflammatory breast cancer (IBC), which is less common, more chemotherapy-resistant, and more mammographically occult than ductal IBC. We compared guideline-concordant surgery (modified radical mastectomy [MRM] without immediate reconstruction following chemotherapy) for lobular versus ductal IBC.

Methods:  Female individuals with cT4dM0 lobular and ductal IBC were identified in the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2010-2019.

Macroalgal eukaryotic microbiome composition indicates novel phylogenetic diversity and broad host spectrum of oomycete pathogens.

Seaweeds are important components of marine ecosystems with emerging potential in aquaculture and as sources of biofuel, food products and pharmacological compounds. However, an increasingly recognised threat to natural and industrial seaweed populations is infection with parasitic single-celled eukaryotes from the relatively understudied oomycete lineage. Here we examine the eukaryomes of diverse brown, red and green marine macroalgae collected from polar (Baffin Island), cold-temperate (Falkland Islands) and tropical (Ascension Island) locations, with a focus on oomycete and closely related diatom taxa.

Effectiveness of interventions to enhance shared decision-making in wound care: A systematic review.

Aims: To explore the effectiveness of interventions to enhance patient participation in shared decision-making in wound care and tissue viability.

Background: Caring for people living with a wound is complex due to interaction between wound healing, symptoms, psychological wellbeing and treatment effectiveness. To respond to this complexity, there has been recent emphasis on the importance of delivering patient centred wound care and shared decision-making to personalise health care.

Detecting Pathogenic Species Using Volatile Organic Compounds.

There are several highly damaging species pathogenic to forest trees, many of which have been spread beyond their native range by the international trade of live plants and infested materials. Such introductions can be reduced through the development of better tools capable of the early, rapid, and high-throughput detection of contaminated plants. This study utilized a volatilomics approach (solid-phase microextraction coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) to differentiate between several species in culture and discriminate between healthy and -inoculated European beech and pedunculate oak trees.

Managing pregnancy-related stroke risk with known bilateral internal carotid artery webs.

Carotid webs are intraluminal shelf-like projections caused by thickening of the arterial tunica intima. Due to their projections forming a nidus for thrombus formation and subsequent embolus, they are considered to be a rare cause of ischaemic strokes. We report a case of a woman with a background of recurrent ischaemic strokes due to bilateral carotid webs who presented with a twin pregnancy.

What influences the inclusion of skin tone diversity when teaching skin assessment? Findings from a survey.

Background: Understanding the variances in visual skin changes across all skin tones is important in clinical care. However, the experiences of those teaching skin assessment to pre- and post-registrant nurses are unknown.

Aims: To determine the barriers and facilitators experienced in teaching skin assessment across a range of skin tones to pre- and post-registrant nurses.

Probing the Mechanism of Action of Bis(phenolato) Amine (ONO Donor Set) Titanium(IV) Anticancer Agents.

The need for anticancer therapies that overcome metallodrug resistance while minimizing adverse toxicities is targeted, herein, using titanium coordination complexes. Octahedral titanium(IV) ,-[Ti{RN(CH-2-MeO-4-R-CH)}] [R = Et, allyl, -Pr, CHO, F, CH(morpholino), the latter from the formyl derivative; R = Me, Et; not all combinations] are attained from Mannich reactions of commercial 2-methoxyphenols (27-74% overall yield, 2 steps). These crystalline (four X-ray structures) Ti(IV)-complexes are active against MCF-7, HCT-116, HT-29, PANC-1, and MDA-MB-468 cancer cell lines (GI = 0.

The Enderstruder: An accessible open-source syringe extruder compatible with Ender series 3D printers.

Bioprinting has enabled the precise spatiotemporal deposition of cells and biomaterials, opening new avenues of research in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Although several open-source syringe extruder adaptations for bioprinters have been published and adopted by end users, only one has been specifically adapted for the Ender series, an affordable and open-source line of thermoplastic 3D printers. Here, we introduce the Enderstruder, a cost-effective extruder attachment that uses a standard 10 mL BD syringe, positions the stepper motor at the level of the gantry, enhances x-axis stability with a linear rail, and uses the originally included stepper motor, resulting in reduced cost and simplified assembly.

possesses a functional type II secretion system necessary for successful host infection.

Infectious diarrheal diseases are the third leading cause of mortality in young children, many of which are driven by Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. To establish successful host infections these pathogens employ a plethora of virulence factors necessary to compete with the resident microbiota, and evade and subvert the host defenses. The type II secretion system (T2SS) is one such conserved molecular machine that allows for the delivery of effector proteins into the extracellular milieu.