Evaluation of MicroScan rapid panels for detection of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in enterococci.

The ability of MicroScan rapid panels to detect high-level aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci was evaluated. By agar dilution, 46 of 139 isolates were susceptible to gentamicin (GNT) and streptomycin (STRP); the rest were highly resistant to one or both agents. Rapid panels detected 97.

Current status of mycobacterial testing in clinical laboratories. Results of a questionnaire completed by participants in the College of American Pathologists Mycobacteriology E survey.

To learn what methods are used in clinical microbiology laboratories for detection, identification, and susceptibility testing of mycobacteria, questions addressing these issues were added to the College of American Pathologists' Mycobacteriology E proficiency testing survey, and participants in the survey were asked to complete the questionnaire. Other questions related to numbers of mycobacteriology tests performed and the frequency with which drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis is isolated. Just over half of the respondents stained smears for acid-fast bacilli with the fluorochrome stain.

Ultrasonographic measurement of stallion accessory sex glands and excurrent ducts during seminal emission and ejaculation.

Accessory sex gland and excurrent duct activity of 10 stallions was visualized with transrectal ultrasonography during seminal emission and ejaculation. First and last penile urethral contractions were defined as the start (0 sec) and end of ejaculation, respectively. Duration of ejaculation (n = 63 ejaculations) averaged 6.

Ovarian follicles, ovulations and progesterone concentrations in aged versus young mares.

The objectives of this study were: 1) to document age-related ovulation failure in mares and 2) to contrast the number of ovarian follicles, occurrence of ovulations, and postovulatory concentrations of progesterone in aged versus young mares. In Experiment 1, 4 of 10 aged (25- to 33-years-old) mares were anovulatory between July 1 and September 1, 1989. In Experiment 2, two of 25 aged (20- to 30-years-old) and none of 21 young (3- to 12-years-old) mares were anovulatory between February 1 and June 30, 1990.

Uterine transport of prostaglandin E(2)-releasing simulated embryonic vesicles in mares.

Transrectal ultrasonography was used to test the hypothesis that prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) would increase the uterine transport of simulated embryonic vesicles in mares. Uterine transport of PGE(2)-releasing (PGE) vesicles, vehicle-releasing (sham) vesicles, and equine embryos was contrasted on Day 12 or Day 13 post ovulation. In Experiment 1, there was no difference (P>0.

Langerhans cell alterations in cutaneous carcinogenesis.

Analysis of the early stages of experimental skin cancer in mice has demonstrated that complete chemical carcinogens (e.g. DMBA or benzo(a)pyrene) and tumour promoters (e.

Sports medicine: anterior cruciate ligament injuries.

Newer techniques in anterior cruciate ligament surgery and accelerated rehabilitation has significantly altered the recovery process as well as the degree of functional recovery and the long-term prognosis. In most cases full recovery can be expected within 6 to 12 months following injury. Although great emphasis is placed on rapid progress in physical therapy and rehabilitation, it is also important to provide the necessary emotional support during this period of disability and altered functional state.

Nosocomial invasive aspergillosis in lymphoma patients treated with bone marrow or peripheral stem cell transplants.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of aspergillosis in lymphoma patients housed in a protective environment while undergoing a bone marrow transplant or peripheral stem cell transplant and its relation to lymphoma type, type of transplant, period of neutropenia, method of diagnosis, species of Aspergillus, and the use of empiric amphotericin B.

Design: Clinical, autopsy, and microbiology records were reviewed retrospectively to determine the presence or absence of invasive aspergillosis. All positive specimens underwent further review to determine parameters outlined above.

Demonstration of the anti-viral activity of garlic extract against human cytomegalovirus in vitro.

The in vitro anti-viral activity of garlic extract (GE) on human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) was evaluated by tissue culture, plaque reduction and early antigen assay. A dose dependent inhibitory effect of GE was evident when GE was applied simultaneously with HCMV. But the effect was stronger when the monolayers were pretreated with GE.

Control of epidemic group A meningococcal disease in Auckland.

Aim: To study group A meningococcal vaccine delivery to infants less than 2 years of age in Auckland in 1987 to control epidemic disease.

Methods: Mechanisms of vaccine delivery and its facilitation are described. A detailed audit of delivery of vaccine to children less than two years using signed consent forms determined delivery source.

Fatal disseminated infection with Aspergillus terreus in immunocompromised hosts.

Aspergillus terreus is widespread in the environment but only uncommonly infects humans. It can cause cutaneous and subcutaneous infections, and several cases of local invasive disease have been reported; to our knowledge, however, only five cases of disseminated disease have been documented previously. We describe here four additional patients with disseminated disease caused by A.

Gay re-readings of the Harlem Renaissance poets.

In the light of the long-established fact of their homosexuality or bisexuality, it is high time for the cluster of "Negro Renaissance" poets, Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes, Claude McKay, and Richard Bruce Nugent, to be reappraised by and for gay readers. This paper seeks to develop gay reading strategies in relation to the poems of these writers, in order to reveal for contemporary readers likely subtexts which, at the time of their writing, were publicly read as bearing on race alone. It is often possible to read a particular poem as referring (in images such as that of the social outcast) to either racial or sexual oppression, interchangeably; and possibly, therefore, to both at once, by way of an implicit comparison.

Relationship between the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and the Millon-II: value of scales for Aggressive and Self-defeating personalities in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

This study addressed two issues, the interrelationship between the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) and the Millon II (MCMI-II) and the value of the new personality scales, Aggressive and Self-defeating, in a sample with diagnoses of combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. 100 confirmed cases of combat-related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder were given a battery of measures including both Millon inventories and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (basic scales and selected subscales). They were rated on discharge status during a structured treatment program.

A biomechanical evaluation of the iliotibial tract screw tenodesis.

Biomechanical testing of the iliotibial tract screw tenodesis was performed in 10 cadaveric knees under forces approximating in vivo conditions. Force versus displacement curves at various flexion angles were generated with the anterior cruciate ligament intact, with the anterior cruciate ligament sectioned, and after the iliotibial tract screw tenodesis had been performed. Displacement force was measured to 5, 10, and 15 mm.

Automation in clinical microbiology.

Automation was introduced into the clinical microbiology laboratory in the 1960s but initially met with limited success. Today, instruments are an integral part of many clinical laboratories and are used for microbial detection, identification, and susceptibility testing; detection of positive blood cultures; screening urine samples for potential pathogens; and assaying levels of antimicrobial agents in body fluids. Automation has allowed more rapid diagnosis and elimination of the subjective interpretation of many manual tests.

Hospital-acquired infection with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium transmitted by electronic thermometers.

Objectives: To describe an epidemic of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium causing bacteremia and bacteriuria, to identify the source of infection, to delineate risk factors associated with acquisition of the organism, and to determine antibiotic sensitivities for the organism.

Design: Investigation of an epidemic, including a case-control study.

Setting: Medical-surgical intensive care unit and ward in a university medical center.

Embryo-initiated oviductal transport in mares.

The hypothesis that equine embryos initiate oviductal transport in mares was tested by placing day 6 uterine embryos in the oviducts of day 2 (n = 10) or day 5 (n = 10) recipient mares and attempting to collect the embryos from the uterus 48 h later. To determine whether the surgical transfer procedure initiated oviductal transport, medium alone was placed in the oviducts of day 2 (n = 10) inseminated mares (sham transfer), and uterine embryo collections were attempted 48 h later. Embryos were transported through the oviduct of day 2 recipients by day 4 (instead of day 5 to 6) in six of ten mares, which was not significantly less (P greater than 0.

Cytomegalovirus infection and disease after liver transplantation. An overview.

Cytomegalovirus is the single most important pathogen in clinical transplantation. Although much progress has been made in our understanding of the molecular biology and epidemiology of CMV infection and in our ability to diagnosis and treat CMV disease, it remains a major cause of morbidity but is no longer a major cause of mortality after liver transplantation. Risk factors for CMV disease after liver transplantation include donor and recipient serologic status, the use of antilymphocyte therapy, and retransplantation.

Transrectal ultrasonography for the evaluation of stallion accessory sex glands.

This article reviews the capabilities of transrectal ultrasonography for determining the distribution of fluid and tissue within stallion accessory sex glands. Emphasis is placed on describing the normal ultrasonographic appearance of the accessory sex glands, excurrent ducts, and pelvic urethra of stallions during rest, after teasing, and after ejaculation and using this information to detect glandular abnormalities.

Anterolateral dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint: case report and literature review.

1. Dislocation of the proximal tibiofibular joint is a rare injury, probably less than 1% of all knee injuries. It is seen more frequently in athletes such as soccer players, ballet dancers, and equestrian jumpers.

X;6 translocation in a child with congenital acute lymphocytic leukemia.

A case of congenital acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) displayed an X;6 translocation. This is the third reported case of ALL with an X;6 translocation. In addition, two of the three ALL cases occurred during infancy, at ages 2 months and newborn, and both translocations involved the band q15-16 region of chromosome 6.