Experimental Consideration of Conditions for Measuring Residual Stresses of Rails Using Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Method.

Residual stress, a factor affecting the fatigue and fracture characteristics of rails, is formed during the processes of fabrication and heat treatment, and is also generated by vertical loads on wheels due to the weight of vehicles. Moreover, damage to rails tends to accelerate due to the continuous increase in the number of passes and to the high speed of passing vehicles. Because this can have a direct effect on safety accidents, having a technique to evaluate and analyze the residual stresses in rails accurately is very important.

BAT3 negatively regulates lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-κB signaling through TRAF6.

TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) plays a critical role in NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, both of which mediate macrophage activation in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharides (LPS). In this study, we investigated whether HLA-B associated transcript-3 (BAT3) regulates LPS-induced macrophage activation. BAT3 physically interacted with TRAF6 in macrophages, and this interaction was enhanced in the cells after LPS treatment.

3-Hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone suppresses Bcl-w-induced invasive potentials and stemness in glioblastoma multiforme.

3-Hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone (HDMF) is a natural chemical product that is not currently regarded as a drug. In our study, we employed glioblastoma cells and cell biology and biochemistry approaches to investigate the potential of HDMF as a natural anticancer therapy option. FACS analysis showed that treatment concentration of HDMF does not exert cytotoxicity on U251 cells.

Specificity protein 1 expression contributes to Bcl-w-induced aggressiveness in glioblastoma multiforme.

We already had reported that Bcl-w promotes invasion or migration in gastric cancer cells and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) by activating matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) via specificity protein 1 (Sp1) or β-cateinin, respectively. High expression of Bcl-w also has been reported in GBM which is the most common malignant brain tumor and exhibits aggressive and invasive behavior. These reports propose that Bcl-w-induced signaling is strongly associated with aggressive characteristic of GBM.

Correction: Bcl-w Enhances Mesenchymal Changes and Invasiveness of Glioblastoma Cells by Inducing Nuclear Accumulation of β-Catenin.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Bcl-w Enhances Mesenchymal Changes and Invasiveness of Glioblastoma Cells by Inducing Nuclear Accumulation of β-Catenin.

Bcl-w a pro-survival member of the Bcl-2 protein family, is expressed in a variety of cancer types, including gastric and colorectal adenocarcinomas, as well as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common and lethal brain tumor type. Previously, we demonstrated that Bcl-w is upregulated in gastric cancer cells, particularly those displaying infiltrative morphology. These reports propose that Bcl-w is strongly associated with aggressive characteristic, such as invasive or mesenchymal phenotype of GBM.

Photoresponsive porphyrin-imprinted polymers prepared using a novel functional monomer having diaminopyridine and azobenzene moieties.

A novel photoresponsive functional monomer bearing diaminopyridine and azobenzene moieties was synthesized and applied to the preparation of photo-regulated molecularly imprinted polymers, which can recognize porphyrin derivatives through hydrogen bonding. The binding affinity of the imprinted cavities was regulated by UV irradiation, suggesting that azobenzene groups located inside the binding sites worked as photosensitizers and the trans-cis isomerization could regulate the affinity for the target compounds. Repetitive binding of the target compound to trans-IP and cis-IP was directly monitored by slab optical waveguide spectroscopy and the photo-mediated regulation of binding affinity was successfully confirmed.

Bisphenol A analog-imprinted polymers prepared by an immobilized template on a modified silica microsphere matrix.

Bisphenol A (BPA)-recognizing imprinted polymers were synthesized using a template immobilized on silica where the template was grafted to aminopropyl silica. The silica-template conjugate was co-polymerized with a cross-linker (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) and a functional monomer (4-vinylpyridine or methacrylic acid). The synthesized silica-polymer composites were treated with an aqueous NH4HF2 solution to dissolve the silica matrix.

Covalent molecular imprinting of bisphenol A using its diesters followed by the reductive cleavage with LiAlH(4).

Bisphenol A (BPA) recognition materials were synthesized by a covalent imprinting technique using BPA-dimethacrylate or BPA-diacrylate as the template monomer. Binding sites in the polymers consisted of two hydroxyl groups that are generated by reducing the ester bonds of the template monomer with lithium aluminum hydride. The polymers strongly adsorbed BPA and structurally related compounds, however, other endocrine disruptors were hardly adsorbed.

Synthetic polymers adsorbing bisphenol A and its analogues prepared by covalent molecular imprinting using bisphenol A dimethacrylate as a template molecule.

Synthetic polymers which can adsorb bisphenol A (BPA) and related compounds were prepared by a covalent molecular imprinting technique. BPA dimethacrylate, used as template molecule, was polymerized with a crosslinker, triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) or trimethylol propane trimethacrylate (TRIM). After the polymerization treatment with dilute NaOH was used to cleave BPA from the polymers.