Prominent transcriptomic changes in Mycobacterium intracellulare under acidic and oxidative stress.

Background: Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), including Mycobacterium intracellulare is a member of slow-growing mycobacteria and contributes to a substantial proportion of nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease in humans affecting immunocompromised and elderly populations. Adaptation of pathogens in hostile environments is crucial in establishing infection and persistence within the host. However, the sophisticated cellular and molecular mechanisms of stress response in M.

Identification of Autoantigens in Pediatric Gastric Juices.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the presence of autoantigens in the gastric juices of children.

Methods: Gastric juice and serum samples were obtained from 53 children <15 years of age who underwent gastric endoscopy. Among these, 8, 22, and 23 participants were in the age groups 0-5, 6-10, and 11-15 years, respectively.

sp. nov., isolated from human blood.

An obligate anaerobic, Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-spore-forming bacterium, designated as strain GYB001, was isolated from the blood of a patient with a sigmoid colon perforation. Taxonomic characterization of the novel isolate was performed using a polyphasic approach. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequences revealed that GYB001 represented a member of the genus , in the family .

A novel repeat sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) using specific repeat sequences of as a DNA fingerprinting.

Repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) is a potential epidemiological technique that can provide high-throughput genotype fingerprints of heterogeneous strains rapidly. Previously published rep-PCR primers, which are based on nucleotide sequences of Gram-negative bacteria may have low specificity for mycobacteria. Moreover, it was difficult to ensure the continuity of the study after the commercial rep-PCR kit was discontinued.

Comparative Genetic Characterization of Pathogenic Isolated from Patients and Swine Suffering from Diarrhea in Korea.

The aim of this study was to compare the virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of the most common pathogenic strains in swine and patients with diarrhea in Korea. We examined virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility in 85 and 61 strains isolated from swine and patients with diarrhea, respectively. The most prevalent pathogen in swine was enterotoxigenic (ETEC) (47.

Comparative genetic characterization of CMY-2-type beta-lactamase producing pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from humans and pigs suffering from diarrhea in Korea.

Background: Pathogenic Escherichia coli are an important cause of bacterial infections in both humans and pigs and many of antimicrobials are used for the treatment of E. coli infection. The objective of this study was to investigate the characteristics and relationship between humans and pigs regarding third-generation cephalosporin resistance and CMY-2-producing E.

Antigenic Determinant of FlaA for Developing Serological Diagnostic Methods in Children.

The early diagnosis of infection is important for gastric cancer prevention and treatment. Although endoscopic biopsy is widely used for diagnosis, an accurate biopsy cannot be performed until a lesion becomes clear, especially in pediatric patients. Therefore, it is necessary to develop convenient and accurate methods for early diagnosis.

Fetuin as a potential serum biomarker to detect subclinical shedder of bovine paratuberculosis.

Paratuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic contagious granulomatous enteritis of wild and domestic ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). PTB causes considerable economic losses to the dairy industry through decreased milk production and premature culling.

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Impairment of Ribosome Biogenesis Mediate the Apoptosis Induced by x Essential Oil in a Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line.

: Gastric cancer remains a major unmet clinical problem worldwide. Although conventional medical treatments are available, their curative effects are generally unsatisfactory. Consequently, it remains necessary to search natural products for potential alternatives in treating gastric cancer patients.

Heterogeneity of Helicobacter pylori bab genotypes and their association with clinical outcomes in Korean gastroduodenal patients.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of bab genes (babA, babB, babC) at their three loci (loci A, B, and C) in Helicobacter pylori strains from varied clinical manifestations of Korean gastroduodenal patients. The overall prevalence of H. pylori Korean strains positive for babA and babB was 91.

Cohnella cholangitidis sp. nov., a novel species of the genus Cohnella isolated from a clinical specimen in Korea.

A Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated as strain 1605-214, was isolated from the blood sample of a patient with cholangitis. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, the strain 1605-214 belonged to the genus Cohnella and exhibited 97.9% sequence identity with Cohnella luojiensis DSM 24270 (GQ214052).

An In Vitro Anti-Cancer Activity of Essential Oil by Inducing Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line.

: The effects of essential oil (OTEO) against gastric cancer remain unknown and merit investigation. : In the present study, the anti-cancer activity of OTEO was examined in a human gastric cancer cell line (AGS). After OTEO treatment, AGS cell viability was determined by an MTT assay, and inhibition of metastasis was determined by cell migration and invasion assays.

Alpha-2-Macroglobulin as a New Promising Biomarker Improving the Diagnostic Sensitivity of Bovine Paratuberculosis.

Johne's disease (JD) is a chronic granulomatous enteritis of ruminants caused by subsp. (MAP), which induces persistent diarrhea and cachexia. JD causes huge economic losses to the dairy industry due to reduced milk production and premature culling.

Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Patients with Pulmonary Diseases in Gyeongnam, Korea, Using Multiplex PCR and Multigene Sequence-Based Analysis.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widely present in environments, such as soil and water, and have recently been recognized as important pathogenic bacteria. The incidence of NTM-related infections is steadily increasing. As the diagnosis and treatment of NTM infection should be distinguished from tuberculosis, and the treatment should be specific to the species of NTM acquired, accurate species identification is required.

Increased Risk of Severe Gastric Symptoms by Virulence Factors , , , and in Infection.

Two virulence factors of , and , have been known to play a role in the development of severe gastric symptoms. However, they are not always associated with peptic ulcer or gastric cancer. To predict the disease outcome more accurately, it is necessary to understand the risk of severe symptoms linked to other virulence factors.

Comparative Evaluation of Band-Based Genotyping Methods for and Its Application for Epidemiological Analysis.

is a leading cause of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, with a rapidly increasing prevalence worldwide. This bacterium, commonly distributed in soil and water, is known to be transmitted through the environment rather than between people. Therefore, it is imperative to establish distinguishable genotyping methods to understand the clinical outcome, disease relapses, and epidemiology.

Changes in Seroprevalence of Infection over 20 Years in Jinju, Korea, from Newborns to the Elderly.

Background: The objective of this study was to examine changes in the prevalence of cytotoxic-associated gene A (CagA) positive infection in Jinju, Korea, over the last 20 years.

Methods: Three cross-sectional analyses were conducted concurrently. A total of 1,305 serum samples were collected from 1994-1995, 2004-2005, and 2014-2015, respectively.

Genetic variation in the cag pathogenicity island of Helicobacter pylori strains detected from gastroduodenal patients in Thailand.

There is a lack of evidence of genetic variation in the Helicobacter pylori cag-PAI in Thailand, a region with the low incidence of gastric cancer. To clarify this issue, variation in the H. pylori cag-PAI in strains detected in Thailand was characterized and simultaneously compared with strains isolated from a high-risk population in Korea.

Anti-Biofilm Effects of Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides Against Drug-Resistant and Planktonic Cells and Biofilm.

Biofilm-associated infections are difficult to manage or treat as biofilms or biofilm-embedded bacteria are difficult to eradicate. Antimicrobial peptides have gained increasing attention as a possible alternative to conventional drugs to combat drug-resistant microorganisms because they inhibit the growth of planktonic bacteria by disrupting the cytoplasmic membrane. The current study investigated the effects of synthetic peptides (PS1-2, PS1-5, and PS1-6) and conventional antibiotics on the growth, biofilm formation, and biofilm reduction of drug-resistant and .

The first case of hand infection caused by in a symmetrical peripheral gangrene patient.

Introduction: Strains of the genus is a recently established species, recognized as relatively rare opportunistic human pathogen, and is infrequently isolated from clinical specimens, including blood cultures, abscesses, wounds, bone, eye, and skin.

Presentation Of Case: We present a 78-year old female with chronic symmetrical peripheral gangrene and hand infection. The patient underwent surgical debridement with amputation on gangrene with infection of both fingers.

and Were the Predominant 16S RMTase Genes Responsible for Aminoglycoside-resistant Isolates in Korea.

Pathogenic gram-negatives that produce 16S ribosomal RNA methyltransferases (16S RMTases) have already been distributed all over the world. To investigate the predominance of aminoglycoside resistance associated with 16S RMTases in Korea, we collected a total of 222 amikacin resistant Gram-negative clinical isolates from patient specimens between 1999 and 2015 from three hospital banks across Korea. and were the predominant 16S RMTase genes responsible for aminoglycoside-resistant isolates circulating in Korean community settings although only one -producing isolate was detected in 2006.

Cell-selectivity of tryptophan and tyrosine in amphiphilic α-helical antimicrobial peptides against drug-resistant bacteria.

The increasing emergence of drug-resistant bacteria creates a requirement for new antibiotics and various types of antibiotic materials such as proteins, peptides, polymers, and chemical compounds. Among these, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are considered to be promising antibiotic candidates for clinical treatments. In this study, we have designed a novel series of peptides with repeated sequences of minimum membrane-active motif, 'XWZX' basic sequence (X: lysine or arginine, Z: leucine, tyrosine, valine, or glycine), and an α-helical secondary structure.