Measurement of urinary N-telopeptides and serum C-telopeptides from type I collagen using a lateral flow-based immunoassay.

Measuring bone turnover markers could detect early stages of osteoporosis and early responses to anti-osteoporotic treatments. Currently, commonly used bone turnover markers, N-telopeptides (NTx) and C-telopeptides (CTx), are measured using ELISA tests, which demands time and increases cost. Bone turnover markers need to be measured more easily for general use.

Measurement of urinary N-telopeptides from type I collagen using a colloidal gold-based immunoassay.

This study aimed to investigate precision of a newly developed gold nanoparticle-based immunoassay for measuring urinary N-telopeptides (NTx) and its correlation with ELISA measurement. NTx concentrations were determined by absorption changes using spectroscopy at 535 nm, which were measured three times with an interval of two hours for precision test, using urine samples of 60 subjects (32 males and 28 females; mean age 30.4 years, SD 21.

Measurements of serum C-reactive protein levels in patients with gastric cancer and quantification using silicon nanowire arrays.

Unlabelled: We examined the levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate antigen in 83 of 400 patients who had undergone surgery for gastric cancer and correlated these markers with stages of the disease. In addition, we measured C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations in the sera of gastric cancer patients with silicon nanowire field-effect transistors (SiNW FETs) to determine whether SiNW FETs could be used to accurately sense CRP, a marker of inflammation and possible indicator of future progression of the cancer. We designed and fabricated SiNWs to be responsive to CRP.

Quantitative measurements of C-reactive protein using silicon nanowire arrays.

A silicon nanowire-based sensor for biological application showed highly desirable electrical responses to either pH changes or receptor-ligand interactions such as protein disease markers, viruses, and DNA hybridization. Furthermore, because the silicon nanowire can display results in real-time, it may possess superior characteristics for biosensing than those demonstrated in previously studied methods. However, despite its promising potential and advantages, certain process-related limitations of the device, due to its size and material characteristics, need to be addressed.

Fabrication of suspended silicon nanowire arrays.

A method to fabricate suspended silicon nanowires that are applicable to electronic and electromechanical nanowire devices is reported. The method allows for the wafer-level production of suspended silicon nanowires using anisotropic etching and thermal oxidation of single-crystal silicon. The deviation in width of the silicon nanowire bridges produced using the proposed method is evaluated.