Evaluation of Sleep Disturbance in Alopecia Areata through Questionnaire: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index as a Reasonable Tool.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is common non-scarring hair loss disease. Sleep distrubance has been regarded as a triggering or aggravating factor for AA. However, objective evaluation of sleep disturbance and its clinical effect on AA has not been clearly demonstrated.

Palisaded encapsulated neuroma on the lower lip: a case report.

Palisading encapsulated neuroma is a rare, benign, cutaneous nerve sheath tumor. It usually occurs as an asymptomatic solitary skin-colored papule and commonly affects the nose and cheeks. Sometimes, it involves other sites, including the shoulder, upper arm, and trunk, but rarely involves the oral mucosa, including that of the lip.

Alitretinoin Compliance in Patients with Chronic Hand Eczema.

Background: Oral alitretinoin is effective in the treatment of chronic hand eczema (CHE), and ≥12 weeks of alitretinoin treatment has been shown to be effective in Korean patients. However, in the real world, a considerable number of patients discontinue alitretinoin, which leads to treatment failure.

Objective: To evaluate the compliance rate of alitretinoin treatment and explore common reasons for poor compliance in patients with CHE in the real world.

An Unusual Case of Congenital Triangular Alopecia on Frontal Area Successfully Treated by Surgery.

Congenital triangular alopecia (CTA) is a form of circumscribed, noncicatricial, and noninflammatory hair loss. It manifests as a triangular or oval-shaped alopecic patch on the frontotemporal region of the scalp and rarely involves the temporoparietal or occipital area. That is why it is also called temporal triangular alopecia.

Primary Cutaneous Nocardiosis Caused by .

species are aerobic, gram-positive, filamentous, partially acid-fast actinomycetes which are found worldwide in soil and decaying organic plant matter. When they infect human beings, they generally enter through the respiratory tract and then disseminate systemically. Rarely has a primary infection occurred as the result of direct inoculation.

Evaluation of the effective diffusivity of a freeform fabricated scaffold using computational simulation.

In scaffold-based tissue engineering, sufficient oxygen and nutrient supply into cells within a scaffold is essential to increase cell viability and the proliferation rate. Generally, oxygen and nutrients reach the cells through the media by diffusion in vitro or in vivo, assuming there is no convection flow through a scaffold with small-sized pores. The scaffold diffusion rate depends mainly on the scaffold pore architecture.