Publications by authors named "Woo Hyun Shim"

Background Application of multimodal large language models (LLMs) with both textual and visual capabilities has been steadily increasing, but their ability to interpret radiologic images is still doubted. Purpose To evaluate the accuracy of LLMs and compare it with that of human readers with varying levels of experience and to assess the factors affecting LLM accuracy in answering Image Challenge cases. Materials and Methods Radiologic images of cases from October 13, 2005, to April 18, 2024, were retrospectively reviewed.

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Background And Purpose: To develop and validate a deep learning-based automatic quantification for nigral hyperintensity and a classification algorithm for neurodegenerative parkinsonism using susceptibility map-weighted imaging (SMwI).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively collected 450 participants (210 with idiopathic Parkinson's disease [IPD] and 240 individuals in the control group) for training data between November 2022 and May 2023, and 237 participants (168 with IPD, 58 with essential tremor, and 11 with drug-induced Parkinsonism) for validation data between July 2021 and January 2022. SMwI data were reconstructed from multi-echo GRE.

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Background And Purpose: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is reversible dementia, that is underdiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to develop an automated diagnostic method for iNPH using artificial intelligence techniques with a T1-weighted MRI scan.

Materials And Methods: We quantified iNPH, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and healthy control patients on T1-weighted 3D brain MRI scans using 452 scans for training and 110 scans for testing.

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This study aims to analyse the volumetric changes in brain MRI after cochlear implantation (CI), focusing on the speech perception in postlingually deaf adults. We conducted a prospective cohort study with 16 patients who had bilateral hearing loss and received unilateral CI. Based on the surgical side, patients were categorized into left and right CI groups.

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Purpose: To determine the optimal angular range (AR) for digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) systems that provides highest lesion visibility across various breast densities and thicknesses.

Method: A modular DBT phantom, consisting of tissue-equivalent adipose and glandular modules, along with a module embedded with test objects (speckles, masses, fibers), was used to create combinations simulating different breast thicknesses, densities, and lesion locations. A prototype DBT system operated at four ARs (AR, AR, AR, and AR) to acquire 11 projection images for each combination, with separate fixed doses for thin and thick combinations.

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Objectives: To evaluate the use of a commercial artificial intelligence (AI)-based mammography analysis software for improving the interpretations of breast ultrasound (US)-detected lesions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 1109 breasts that underwent both mammography and US-guided breast biopsy. The AI software processed mammograms and provided an AI score ranging from 0 to 100 for each breast, indicating the likelihood of malignancy.

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Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of susceptibility map-weighted imaging (SMwI) taken in different acquisition planes for discriminating patients with neurodegenerative parkinsonism from those without.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-institution study enrolled consecutive patients who visited movement disorder clinics and underwent brain MRI and F-FP-CIT PET between September 2021 and December 2021. SMwI images were acquired in both the oblique (perpendicular to the midbrain) and the anterior commissure-posterior commissure (AC-PC) planes.

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Quantification of diffusion restriction lesions in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) may provide information of the disease burden. We aim to develop an automatic segmentation model for sCJD and to evaluate the volume of disease extent as a prognostic marker for overall survival. Fifty-six patients (mean age ± SD, 61.

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Article Synopsis
  • The text references a correction to a previously published article identified by its DOI.
  • The article is related to the field of neurology, as suggested by the journal's title.
  • The correction likely addresses an error or clarification in the original research findings or methodology.
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Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) patients had altered white matter tract integrities on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Previous studies suggested disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid space hydrocephalus (DESH) as a prognostic sign of NPH. We examined DTI indices in NPH subgroups by DESH severity and clinical symptoms.

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Objective: To develop a deep-learning-based bone age prediction model optimized for Korean children and adolescents and evaluate its feasibility by comparing it with a Greulich-Pyle-based deep-learning model.

Materials And Methods: A convolutional neural network was trained to predict age according to the bone development shown on a hand radiograph (bone age) using 21036 hand radiographs of Korean children and adolescents without known bone development-affecting diseases/conditions obtained between 1998 and 2019 (median age [interquartile range {IQR}], 9 [7-12] years; male:female, 11794:9242) and their chronological ages as labels (Korean model). We constructed 2 separate external datasets consisting of Korean children and adolescents with healthy bone development (Institution 1: n = 343; median age [IQR], 10 [4-15] years; male: female, 183:160; Institution 2: n = 321; median age [IQR], 9 [5-14] years; male: female, 164:157) to test the model performance.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigated brain MRI and MR angiography's effectiveness in detecting neuroimaging abnormalities in patients with newly diagnosed left-sided infective endocarditis, focusing on those with and without neurological symptoms.
  • The findings revealed a high detection rate of 77% for neuroimaging abnormalities, with specific abnormalities like acute ischemic lesions occurring in 56% of patients, and infectious aneurysms detected in only 3%.
  • In patients with infectious aneurysms, a significant concern was noted, as 44% experienced aneurysm rupture, typically within 5 days, highlighting the urgency for monitoring in these cases.
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Background And Purpose: To develop and validate a deep learning-based automatic segmentation model for assessing intracranial volume (ICV) and to compare the accuracy determined by NeuroQuant (NQ), FreeSurfer (FS), and SynthSeg.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 60 subjects [30 Alzheimer's disease (AD), 21 mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 9 cognitively normal (CN)] from a single tertiary hospital for the training and validation group (50:10). The test group included 40 subjects (20 AD, 10 MCI, 10 CN) from the ADNI dataset.

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Introduction: The number of brain MRI with contrast media performed in patients with cognitive impairment has increased without universal agreement. We aimed to evaluate the detection rate of contrast-enhanced brain MRI in patients with cognitive impairment.

Materials And Methods: This single-institution, retrospective study included 4,838 patients who attended outpatient clinics for cognitive impairment evaluation and underwent brain MRI with or without contrast enhancement from December 2015 to February 2020.

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Objectives: To develop and validate an automatic classification algorithm for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods And Materials: This study evaluated a high-performance interpretable network algorithm (TabNet) and compared its performance with that of XGBoost, a widely used classifier. Brain segmentation was performed using a commercially approved software.

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Objectives: To develop and validate a nomogram based on MRI features for predicting iNPH.

Methods: Patients aged  ≥ 60 years (clinically diagnosed with iNPH, Parkinson's disease, or Alzheimer's disease or healthy controls) who underwent MRI including three-dimensional T1-weighted volumetric MRI were retrospectively identified from two tertiary referral hospitals (one hospital for derivation set and the other for validation set). Clinical and imaging features for iNPH were assessed.

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Purpose: We compared the feasibility of quantitative analysis methods using bone SPECT/CT with those using planar bone scans to assess active sacroiliitis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed whole-body bone scans and pelvic bone SPECT/CTs of 8 patients who had clinically confirmed sacroiliitis and enrolled 24 patients without sacroiliitis as references. The volume of interest of each sacroiliac joint, including both the ilium and sacrum, was drawn.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study explores the challenges in timely diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to limited specialist access, highlighting the potential of a deep learning algorithm, VUNO Med-DeepBrain AD (DBAD), as a decision support tool.
  • By evaluating 98 elderly participants, the study compares the diagnostic accuracy of DBAD with medical experts (ME) using MRI scans, finding DBAD performed slightly better in accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
  • The findings suggest that DBAD could assist non-specialist physicians in diagnosing AD, potentially improving access to timely diagnosis and treatment for patients.
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The incidence of neurodegenerative diseases in the older population has increased in recent years. A considerable number of studies have been performed to characterize these diseases. Imaging analysis is an important biomarker for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disease.

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Objective: There is a paucity of large cohort-based evidence regarding the need and added value of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in patients attending outpatient clinic for cognitive impairment. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of DWI in patients attending outpatient clinic for cognitive impairment.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective, observational, single-institution study included 3,298 consecutive patients (mean age ± SD, 71 years ± 10; 1,976 women) attending outpatient clinic for cognitive impairment with clinical dementia rating ≥ 0.

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Objectives: The role of three-dimensional (3D) TOF-MRA in patients with cognitive impairment is not well established. We evaluated the diagnostic yield of 3D TOF-MRA for detecting incidental extra- or intracranial artery stenosis and intracranial aneurysm in this patient group.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with cognitive impairment undergoing our brain MRI protocol from January 2013 to February 2020.

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