(BRG1) is a core unit of the SWI/SNF complex, regulating gene transcription through chromatin remodeling. Germline variants have been reported to be associated with various malignancies. Here, we report the first case of extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma in a young female patient with a germline pathogenic variant of (c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: In this single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 trial, the authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of avelumab plus gemcitabine in patients with leiomyosarcoma (LMS) who failed on first-line chemotherapy.
Methods: Patients with advanced LMS received avelumab 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 (for up to 24 months) plus gemcitabine 1000 mg/m on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle until they developed disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR).
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) may decrease patient quality of life and often leads to acute urinary retention and surgical intervention. While effective treatments are available, many BPH patients do not respond or develop resistance to treatment. To understand molecular determinants of clinical symptom persistence after initiating BPH treatment, we investigated gene expression profiles before and after treatments in the prostate transitional zone of 108 participants in the Medical Therapy of Prostatic Symptoms (MTOPS) Trial.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProneural genes play a crucial role in neuronal differentiation. However, our understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing proneural genes during neuronal differentiation remains limited. RFX4, identified as a candidate regulator of proneural genes, has been reported to be associated with the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, the drying shrinkage and crack reduction characteristics of blast furnace slag concrete mixed with expansive and swelling admixtures were investigated. Basic performance experiments were conducted using different mixtures of ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS), with calcium sulfoaluminate as the expansive admixture and bentonite and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) as swelling admixtures. Bentonite outperformed HPMC as a swelling admixture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiol Health
February 2024
Objectives: Unequal access to cancer clinical trials is an important issue, given the potential benefits of participation for cancer patients. We evaluated regional disparities in access to cancer clinical trials in Korea.
Methods: From the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety database, we extracted 2,465 records of all cancer clinical trials approved between January 2012 and April 2023.
In this study, accelerated chloride diffusion tests are performed on ordinary Portland cement (OPC), ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), and fly ash (FA) concretes aged 4-6 years. Passed charge is evaluated according to ASTM-C-1202 for 12 mixtures, considering water-binder (W/B) ratios (0.37, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground Aims: Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is an attractive target for anti-cancer therapies. We developed an effective method for generating hTERT-specific CD8 T cells (hTERT-induced natural T cells [TERTiNTs]) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with solid cancers and investigated their feasibility and safety.
Methods: This was a single-center phase 1 trial using a 3 + 3 dose escalation design to evaluate six dose levels of TERTiNTs.
Purpose: Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a hereditary disorder caused by germline mutation in TP53. Owing to the rarity of LFS, data on its clinical features are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of Korean patients with LFS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe recently discovered interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (IL-DMI) in multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy favors canting of spins in the in-plane direction. It could thus stabilize intriguing spin textures such as Hopfions. A key requirement for nucleation is to control the IL-DMI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Patient-derived tumor cells can be a powerful resource for studying pathophysiological mechanisms and developing robust strategies for precision medicine. However, establishing organoids from patient-derived cells is challenging because of limited access to tissue specimens. Therefore, we aimed to establish organoids from malignant ascites and pleural effusions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate the effects of contrast medium injection rates and intravenous injection catheter sizes on the time-density curve (TDC) of brain perfusion computed tomography (PCT) images in clinically normal Beagles and provide a reference range for the perfusion parameters for clinical application of PCT in veterinary medicine.
Animals: 5 healthy, sexually intact male Beagles.
Procedures: All dogs underwent general anesthesia for PCT.
Background: Capmatinib, a potent and selective mesenchymalepithelial transition factor (MET) inhibitor, is an effective treatment option for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with exon 14 skipping mutations or gene amplification. However, the mechanisms that confer resistance to capmatinib remain elusive. Here, we present a case of primary resistance to capmatinib in a -amplified NSCLC patient which was conferred by concurrent amplification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density and safety under fast-charging conditions are highly desirable for electric vehicles. However, owing to the growth of Li dendrites, increased temperature at high charging rates, and low specific capacity in commercially available anodes, they cannot meet the market demand. In this study, a facile one-pot electrochemical self-assembly approach has been developed for constructing hybrid electrodes composed of ultrafine Fe O particles on reduced graphene oxide (Fe O @rGO) as anodes for LIBs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCountries differ in their treatment expertise and research results regarding gastric cancer; hence, treatment guidelines are diverse based on evidence and medical situations. A comprehensive and comparative review of each country's guidelines is imperative to understand the similarities and differences among countries. We reviewed and compared five gastric cancer treatment guidelines in terms of endoscopic, surgical, perioperative, and palliative systemic treatment based on evidence levels and recommendation grades, as well as the postoperative follow-up strategies for each guideline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDespite numerous observations regarding the relationship between DNA methylation changes and cancer progression, only a few genes have been verified as diagnostic biomarkers of colorectal cancer (CRC). To more practically detect methylation changes, we performed targeted bisulfite sequencing. Through co-analysis of RNA-seq, we identified cohort-specific DNA methylation markers: CpG islands of the intragenic regions of PDX1, EN2, and MSX1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatocellular carcinoma is a major health burden, and though various treatments through much research are available, difficulties in early diagnosis and drug resistance to chemotherapy-based treatments render several ineffective. Cancer stem cell model has been used to explain formation of heterogeneous cell population within tumor mass, which is one of the underlying causes of high recurrence rate and acquired chemoresistance, highlighting the importance of CSC identification and understanding the molecular mechanisms of CSC drivers. Extracellular CSCmarkers such as CD133, CD90 and EpCAM have been used successfully in CSC isolation, but studies have indicated that increasingly complex combinations are required for accurate identification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA damage response (DDR) is critical to ensure genome stability, and defects in this signaling pathway are highly associated with carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Nevertheless, this also provides therapeutic opportunities, as cells with defective DDR signaling are directed to rely on compensatory survival pathways, and these vulnerabilities have been exploited for anticancer treatments. Following the impressive success of PARP inhibitors in the treatment of -mutated breast and ovarian cancers, extensive research has been conducted toward the development of pharmacologic inhibitors of the key components of the DDR signaling pathway.
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