Combined impact of prediabetes and hepatic steatosis on cardiometabolic outcomes in young adults.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of hepatic steatosis on cardiometabolic outcomes in young adults with prediabetes.

Methods: A nationwide cohort study was conducted with 896,585 young adults under 40 years old without diabetes or previous history of cardiovascular disease. Hepatic steatosis was identified using a fatty liver index of ≥ 60.

A protocol for immunostaining of macrophages in whole-mount mouse cornea, conjunctiva, and lacrimal gland.

The healthy lacrimal functional unit contains a resident macrophage population. Here, we present a protocol for immunofluorescent staining of macrophage markers, CD11b, F4/80, and CD206, in whole-mount mouse cornea, conjunctiva, and 50-μM-thick lacrimal gland section. We describe steps for dissection, fixation, permeabilization, and blocking.

An Artificial Intelligence-Based Automated Echocardiographic Analysis: Enhancing Efficiency and Prognostic Evaluation in Patients With Revascularized STEMI.

Background And Objectives: Although various cardiac parameters on echocardiography have clinical importance, their measurement by conventional manual methods is time-consuming and subject to variability. We evaluated the feasibility, accuracy, and predictive value of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated system for echocardiographic analysis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods: The AI-based system was developed using a nationwide echocardiographic dataset from five tertiary hospitals, and automatically identified views, then segmented and tracked the left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA) to produce volume and strain values.

Spatiotemporal variations in migratory bird diversity and abundance along the coast of Gochang getbol.

Tidal flats provide critical habitat for migratory waterbird species; however, populations of migratory waterbirds have significantly declined due to tidal flat loss and degradation caused by human activities, particularly in Asia. Gochang getbol is one of tidal flats located on the southwest coast of South Korea and a center of clam production. Using bird monitoring data collected at five zones (zone1 to zone5) established across Gochang getbol and near coastal area, we examined distribution patterns of migratory bird diversity and conservation-related species along the coast of Gochang getbol.

Tuberculosis and osteoporotic fracture risk: development of individualized fracture risk estimation prediction model using a nationwide cohort study.

Purpose: Tuberculosis (TB) is linked to sustained inflammation even after treatment, and fracture risk is higher in TB survivors than in the general population. However, no individualized fracture risk prediction model exists for TB survivors. We aimed to estimate fracture risk, identify fracture-related factors, and develop an individualized risk prediction model for TB survivors.

Active Surveillance for Low-Risk Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma as an Acceptable Management Option with Additional Benefits: A Comprehensive Systematic Review.

Backgruound: Active surveillance (AS) has been introduced as a management strategy for low-risk papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) due to its typically indolent nature. Despite this, the widespread adoption of AS has encountered several challenges. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the safety of AS related to disease progression and its benefits compared with immediate surgery (IS).

Fork-shaped neural interface with multichannel high spatial selectivity in the peripheral nerve of a rat.

This study aims to develop and validate a sophisticated fork-shaped neural interface (FNI) designed for peripheral nerves, focusing on achieving high spatial resolution, functional selectivity, and improved charge storage capacities. The objective is to create a neurointerface capable of precise neuroanatomical analysis, neural signal recording, and stimulation.Our approach involves the design and implementation of the FNI, which integrates 32 multichannel working electrodes featuring enhanced charge storage capacities and low impedance.

Association between Weight Change and Incidence of Dyslipidemia in Young Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Korean Male Soldiers.

Background: Recent lifestyle changes have increased the prevalence of dyslipidemia in Korea. Young men are known to have a low awareness of dyslipidemia and a lack of motivation to maintain their weight. However, the association between weight change and dyslipidemia in young adults has not been thoroughly examined.

Trajectory of lung function in diabetic adults: A 16-year follow-up study of community-based prospective cohorts.

Background And Objective: To investigate the difference in lung function according to diabetes status in a community-based prospective study.

Methods: Individuals aged 40-69 years from two community-based cohorts were followed prospectively for 16 years. A spirometer was used to evaluate lung function at baseline, and lung function tests were carried out biennially thereafter.

The effects of two dietary synbiotics on growth performance, hematological parameters, and nonspecific immune responses in Japanese Eel.

Objective: Feed additives have attracted increased attention in aquaculture due to their ability to modulate fish gut microbiota, resulting in improved fish growth and immunity. This study assessed the effects of two synbiotics in Japanese Eel Anguilla japonica: Bacillus subtilis with mannooligosaccharides (MOS) and Enterococcus faecium with fructooligosaccharides (FOS).

Methods: Six diets, including a control (CON) diet, oxytetracycline (OTC) diet, and four synbiotic diets (B.

Evaluation of Yeast Hydrolysate in a Low-Fishmeal Diet for Whiteleg Shrimp ().

An eight-week feeding trial was performed to evaluate the effects of yeast hydrolysate (YH) supplementation in a low-fishmeal diet on the growth, immune responses, intestinal histology and disease resistance of whiteleg shrimp (). Five experimental diets were produced by supplementing YH at 0 (CON), 0.5 (YH), 1 (YH), 2 (YH) and 4 (YH) % to a basal diet containing 10% fishmeal and compared with a positive control with 25% fishmeal (FM).

Elevated triglyceride levels are associated with increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events in statin-naïve rheumatoid arthritis patients: A nationwide cohort study.

Objectives: To investigate the association between the four components of the lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)) at baseline and composite major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in statin-naïve rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with no previous history of cardiovascular events.

Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study was performed on a total of 15,216 statin-naïve RA patients. The end point was a composite of clinical events, including myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, coronary revascularization, and cardiovascular death.

Fully Implantable Neurostimulation System for Long-Term Behavioral Animal Study.

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an emerging therapeutic option for patients with neuropathic pain due to spinal cord injury (SCI). Numerous studies on pain relief effects with SCS have been conducted and demonstrated promising results while the mechanisms of analgesic effect during SCS remain unclear. However, an experimental system that enables large-scale long-term animal studies is still an unmet need for those mechanistic studies.

Effect of Four Functional Feed Additives on Growth, Serum Biochemistry, Antioxidant Capacity, Gene Expressions, Histomorphology, Digestive Enzyme Activities and Disease Resistance in Juvenile Olive Flounder, .

An 8-week feeding trial was executed to evaluate the efficacy of four functional feed additives in replacing antibiotics in juvenile olive flounder, , fed with a low-fish-meal diet. A basal diet without feed additives was used as a control (CON); other diets were formulated by supplementing 0.50% taurine (TW), 0.