Strain-Enabled Band Structure Engineering in Layered PtSe for Water Electrolysis under Ultralow Overpotential.

This paper describes a simple design methodology to develop layered PtSe catalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in water electrolysis operating under ultralow overpotentials. This approach relies on the transfer of mechanically exfoliated PtSe flakes to gold thin films on prestrained thermoplastic substrates. By relieving the prestrain, a tunable level of uniaxial internal compressive and tensile strain is developed in the flakes as a result of spontaneously formed surface wrinkles, giving rise to band structure modulations with overlapped values of the valence band maximum and conduction band minimum.

Effect of diet changes in benthic ecosystems owing to climate change on the physiological responses of Turbo sazae in waters around Jeju Island, Korea.

The benthic ecosystem in temperate regions is becoming barren owing to the replacement of macroalgae by calcareous algae as a result of climate change-induced increases in water temperature. The aim of this study was to observe how the top shell, Turbo sazae, an invertebrate that feeds on macroalgae, adapts to a benthic environment with a reduced macroalgae population owing to replacement by calcareous algae. Using tank experiments, the top shells were cultured for 18 weeks.

Microneedle-mediated intradermal delivery of Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccines for single-dose tuberculosis vaccination.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a highly lethal infectious disease. The primary preventive measure is Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), a live attenuated vaccine. However, the current intradermal vaccination method with 10-dose vials faces challenges such as inadequate infant injection, inaccurate dispensing, and unstable storage.

MIMIC-BP: A curated dataset for blood pressure estimation.

Blood pressure (BP) is one of the most prominent indicators of potential cardiovascular disorders. Traditionally, BP measurement relies on inflatable cuffs, which is inconvenient and limit the acquisition of such important health-related information in general population. Based on large amounts of well-collected and annotated data, deep-learning approaches present a generalization potential that arose as an alternative to enable more pervasive approaches.

Antiviral Activity of Chlorophyll Extracts from sp., a Marine Microalga, Against Zika Virus Infection.

Recent advancements in the large-scale cultivation of sp. in Korea have enabled year-round production of this marine microalgae. This study explores the potential industrial applications of sp.

Structural and biochemical investigation into stable FGF2 mutants with novel mutation sites and hydrophobic replacements for surface-exposed cysteines.

Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) is an attractive biomaterial for pharmaceuticals and functional cosmetics. To improve the thermo-stability of FGF2, we designed two mutants harboring four-point mutations: FGF2-M1 (D28E/C78L/C96I/S137P) and FGF2-M2 (D28E/C78I/C96I/S137P) through bioinformatics, molecular thermodynamics, and molecular modeling. The D28E mutation reduced fragmentation of the FGF2 wild type during preparation, and the substitution of a whale-specific amino acid, S137P, enhanced the thermal stability of FGF2.

Evaluation of unmodified human cell-derived extracellular vesicle mitochondrial deoxyribonucleic acid-based biodistribution in rodents.

Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been developed as therapeutic targets for various diseases. Biodistribution is crucial for EVs intended for therapeutic purposes because it can determine the degree of on- and off-target effects. This study aimed to explore techniques to evaluate the biodistribution of unmodified EVs.

Sleep staging algorithm based on smartwatch sensors for healthy and sleep apnea populations.

Objective: Sleep stages can provide valuable insights into an individual's sleep quality. By leveraging movement and heart rate data collected by modern smartwatches, it is possible to enable the sleep staging feature and enhance users' understanding about their sleep and health conditions.

Method: In this paper, we present and validate a recurrent neural network based model with 23 input features extracted from accelerometer and photoplethysmography sensors data for both healthy and sleep apnea populations.

Author Correction: Highly secreted tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase 1 as a potential theranostic target for hypercytokinemic severe sepsis.

[Image: see text]

A Novel Passive Shoulder Exoskeleton Using Link Chains and Magnetic Spring Joints.

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders represent a major occupational disability issue, and 53.4% of these disorders occur in the back or shoulders. Various types of passive shoulder exoskeletons have been introduced to support the weight of the upper arm and work tools during overhead work, thereby preventing injuries and improving the work environment.

Enhanced Photosynthetic Pigment Production Using a Scaled-Up Continuously Circulated Bioreactor.

Microalgae have gained attention as a promising source of chlorophylls and carotenoids in various industries. However, scaling up of conventional bubble columns presents challenges related to cell sedimentation and the presence of non-photosynthetic cells due to non-circulating zones and decreased light accessibility, respectively. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the newly developed continuously circulated bioreactor ROSEMAX at both laboratory and pilot scales, compared to a conventional bubble column.

Development of Anti-OSCAR Antibodies for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that causes local inflammation and pain, significantly reducing the quality of life and normal social activities of patients. Currently, there are no disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) available, and treatment relies on pain relief agents or arthroplasty. To address this significant unmet medical need, we aimed to develop monoclonal antibodies that can block the osteoclast-associated receptor (OSCAR).

A novel drying film culture method applying a natural phenomenon: Increased carotenoid production by Haematococcus sp.

Low productivity and high cost remain major bottlenecks for the large-scale production of Haematococcus sp. This study explored biomass production and carotenoid accumulation in Haematococcus sp. (KCTC 12348BP) using drying film culture.

What should be done when appropriate antiplatelet therapy fails to prevent stent thrombosis? Two case reports.

When performing noncardiac surgery in high-risk patients with PCI, anesthesiologists should be prepared for in-stent thrombosis, that do not respond to conventional treatments and cardiopulmonary resuscitation. VA-ECMO is an advantageous treatment method in those patients.

Isolation and characterization of single domain antibodies from banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) targeting SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein.

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted human health for three years. To mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the development of neutralizing antibodies has been accelerated, including the exploration of alternative antibody formats such as single-domain antibodies. In this study, we identified variable new antigen receptors (VNARs) specific for the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 by immunizing a banded houndshark (Triakis scyllium) with recombinant wild-type RBD.

Domain-wise dissection of thermal stability enhancement in multidomain proteins.

Stability is critical for the proper functioning of all proteins. Optimization of protein thermostability is a key step in the development of industrial enzymes and biologics. Herein, we demonstrate that multidomain proteins can be stabilized significantly using domain-based engineering followed by the recombination of the optimized domains.

Ultra-high vacuum compatible full metal atom beam shutter for optical lattice clocks.

We developed a shutter driven by a solenoid to switch on/off the atomic beam of optical lattice clocks developed at KRISS [C. Y. Park et al.

Tryptophan-dependent and -independent secretions of tryptophanyl- tRNA synthetase mediate innate inflammatory responses.

While cytoplasmic tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS1) ligates tryptophan (Trp) to its cognate tRNAs for protein synthesis, it also plays a role as an innate immune activator in extracellular space. However, its secretion mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that in response to stimuli, WARS1 can be secreted via two distinct pathways: via Trp-dependent secretion of naked protein and via Trp-independent plasma-membrane-derived vesicles (PMVs).

Engineered Human Antibody with Improved Endothelin Receptor Type A Binding Affinity, Developability, and Serum Persistence Exhibits Excellent Antitumor Potency.

Endothelin receptor A (ET), a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), is a promising tumor-associated antigen due to its close association with the progression and metastasis of many types of cancer, such as colorectal, breast, lung, ovarian, and prostate cancer. However, only small-molecule drugs have been developed as ET antagonists with anticancer effects. In a previous study, we identified an antibody (AG8) with highly selective binding to human ET through screening of a human naïve immune antibody library.

Tube-Sponge-Inspired Hierarchical Electrocatalysts with Boosted Mass and Electron Transfer for Efficient Oxygen Evolution.

Hindered gas bubble release and limited electron conducting process represent the major bottlenecks for large-scale electrochemical water splitting. Both the desorption of bubbles and continuous electron transport are achievable on the surfaces of biomimetic catalytic materials by designing multiscale structural hierarchy. Inspired by the tubular structures of the deep-sea sponges, an exceptionally active and binder-free porous nickel tube arrays (PNTA) decorated with NiFe-Zn -pore nanosheets (NiFe-P ) are fabricated.

Hydrogel-Based, Dynamically Tunable Plasmonic Metasurfaces with Nanoscale Resolution.

Flat metasurfaces with subwavelength meta-atoms can be designed to manipulate the electromagnetic parameters of incident light and enable unusual light-matter interactions. Although hydrogel-based metasurfaces have the potential to control optical properties dynamically in response to environmental conditions, the pattern resolution of these surfaces has been limited to microscale features or larger, limiting capabilities at the nanoscale, and precluding effective use in metamaterials. This paper reports a general approach to developing tunable plasmonic metasurfaces with hydrogel meta-atoms at the subwavelength scale.

The Effects of Extract on Memory Improvement in Those with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

is a marine microalga that has been promoted worldwide as a super food. This study was conducted to evaluate its ability to improve memory in the older adults using 70% ethanol extract (SM70EE). This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial comprised 80 volunteers recruited from Jeonbuk National University Hospital in Jeonju, Republic of Korea, who were randomly assigned to two groups.