Electrochemical valorization of dilute reactive nitrogen compounds into ammonia: advances in catalysis and reactive separations.

The global demand for sustainable nitrogen management has brought attention to the challenge of efficiently converting dilute nitrogen compounds, such as nitrates and nitrogen oxides, into valuable ammonia. This review emphasizes on innovative catalyst designs, including homogeneous and heterogenous catalysts tailored to low-concentration reactive nitrogen species. Moreover it explores the integration of advanced separation and concentration techniques, such as electrosorption and dialysis, to overcome mass transport limitations and enable effective electrochemical valorization.

GAIT-CKD (Gait Analysis using Artificial Intelligence for digital Therapeutics of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease): design and methods.

Background: Digital therapeutics are emerging as treatments for diseases and disabilities. In chronic kidney disease (CKD), gait is a potential biomarker for health status and intervention effectiveness. This study aims to analyze gait characteristics in CKD patients, providing baseline data for digital therapeutics development.

The Clinical Usability Evaluation of an Attachable Video Laryngoscope in the Simulated Tracheal Intubation Scenario: A Manikin Study.

The aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of an attachable video laryngoscope (AVL) by attaching a camera and a monitor to a conventional Macintosh laryngoscope (CML). Normal and tongue edema airway scenarios were simulated using a manikin. Twenty physicians performed tracheal intubations using CML, AVL, Pentax Airwayscope (AWS), and McGrath MAC (MAC) in each scenario.

Partially oxidized inter-doped RuNi alloy aerogel for the hydrogen evolution reaction in both alkaline and acidic media.

A facile reduction and doping process is employed with the supercritical ethanol drying method to form RuNi alloy aerogels. The optimized heterostructure comprising RuNi metal, RuO, and NiO phases is synthesized through partial oxidation. When applied to the surface of Ni foam, the multiphase aerogels form a morphology of highly porous 0D colloidal aerogel networks on the surface.

Controllable Andreev Bound States in Bilayer Graphene Josephson Junctions from Short to Long Junction Limits.

We demonstrate that the mode number of Andreev bound states in bilayer graphene Josephson junctions can be modulated by controlling the superconducting coherence length in situ. By exploiting the quadratic band dispersion of bilayer graphene, we control the Fermi velocity and thus the coherence length via the application of electrostatic gating. Tunneling spectroscopy of the Andreev bound states reveals a crossover from short to long Josephson junction regimes as we approach the charge neutral point of the bilayer graphene.

Blocking Microglial Proliferation by CSF-1R Inhibitor Does Not Alter the Neuroprotective Effects of Adoptive Regulatory T Cells in 3xTg Alzheimer's Disease Mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that causes cognitive impairment. Neuroinflammation induced by activated microglia exacerbates AD. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play roles in limiting neuroinflammation by converting microglial polarization.

Chemisorption of silicon tetrachloride on silicon nitride: a density functional theory study.

We studied the chemisorption of silicon tetrachloride (SiCl) on the NH/NH-terminated silicon nitride slab model using density functional theory (DFT) for atomic layer deposition (ALD) of silicon nitride. Initially, two reaction pathways were compared, forming HCl or NHCl as a byproduct. The NHCl complex formation was more exothermic than the HCl formation, with an activation energy of 0.

Long-Term Investigation of Marine-Derived Diversity in the Republic of Korea.

species play a crucial role in terrestrial environments as degraders and are well known for producing various secondary metabolites. Recently, species have been discovered in marine environments, exhibiting adaptability to high salinity and producing diverse secondary metabolites with valuable properties. However, limited research has focused on their marine diversity, leading to inaccurate species identification.

Diversity of (, ) Species Identified in Korean Macroalgae Including Five Unrecorded Species.

(, ) consists of species of terrestrial plant endophytes and pathogens. has also been reported in marine environments such as mangroves, sea fans, and macroalgae. However, limited research has been conducted on associated with macroalgae.

Quantum spin nematic phase in a square-lattice iridate.

Spin nematic is a magnetic analogue of classical liquid crystals, a fourth state of matter exhibiting characteristics of both liquid and solid. Particularly intriguing is a valence-bond spin nematic, in which spins are quantum entangled to form a multipolar order without breaking time-reversal symmetry, but its unambiguous experimental realization remains elusive. Here we establish a spin nematic phase in the square-lattice iridate SrIrO, which approximately realizes a pseudospin one-half Heisenberg antiferromagnet in the strong spin-orbit coupling limit.

Perovskite Lanthanum-Doped Barium Stannate: A Refractory Near-Zero-Index Material for High-Temperature Energy Harvesting Systems.

The recent interests in bridging intriguing optical phenomena and thermal energy management has led to the demonstration of controlling thermal radiation with epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and the related near-zero-index (NZI) optical media. In particular, the manipulation of thermal emission using phononic ENZ and NZI materials has shown promise in mid-infrared radiative cooling systems operating under low-temperature environments (below 100 °C). However, the absence of NZI materials capable of withstanding high temperatures has limited the spectral extension of these advanced technologies to the near-infrared (NIR) regime.

Unveiling the Diversity of in the Republic of Korea with One New Species, .

is a genus of ectomycorrhizal fungi belonging to the Hydnaceae family. It is widely distributed across different regions of the world, including North America, Europe, and Asia; however, some of them showed disjunct distributions. In recent years, with the integration of molecular techniques, the taxonomy and classification of have undergone several revisions and advancements.

African American/Black race, apolipoprotein L1 , and serum creatinine among persons with HIV.

Objective: Accurate estimation of kidney function is critical among persons with HIV (PWH) to avoid under-dosing of antiretroviral therapies and ensure timely referral for kidney transplantation. Existing estimation equations for kidney function include race, the appropriateness of which has been debated. Given advancements in understanding of race and the necessity of accuracy in kidney function estimation, this study aimed to examine whether race, or genetic factors, improved prediction of serum creatinine among PWH.

One-Pot Sol-Gel Synthesis of Highly Insulative Hybrid P(AAm-CO-AAc)-Silica Aerogels with Improved Mechanical and Thermal Properties.

Silica aerogels and their derivatives have outstanding thermal properties with exceptional values in the thermal insulation industry. However, their brittle nature restricts their large-scale commercialization. Thus, enhancing their mechanical strength without affecting their thermal insulating properties is essential.

A theoretical study on the surface reaction of tetrakis(dimethylamino)titanium on titanium oxide.

Tetrakis(dimethylamino)-titanium (TDMAT, Ti(NMe)) has been used for the low-temperature atomic layer deposition (ALD) process of titanium oxide (TiO) films. In this study, the chemisorption of TDMAT on a titanium oxide surface using a slab model was simulated by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. We calculated the activation energy for the chemisorption and predicted the final chemisorbed species.

Feasibility of microencapsulated phytochemical as disinfectant for inhibition of Candida albicans proliferation on denture base produced by digital light processing.

Backgrounds: A proper disinfection of denture is vital to prevent a fungal infection. A study on the feasibility of microencapsulated phytochemical as complementary disinfectant and its interaction with effervescent tablet immersion on denture base resin is lacking.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of phytochemical-filled microcapsules as disinfectant for the inhibition of Candida albicans (C.

Effect of build angle, resin layer thickness and viscosity on the surface properties and microbial adhesion of denture bases manufactured using digital light processing.

Objectives: To investigate differences in the surface properties and microbial adhesion of denture base resins for digital light processing (DLP) with varying resin layer thicknesses (LT), build angles (BA), and resin viscosities.

Methods: Two denture base resins for DLP with different viscosities (high and low) were used to prepare disk specimens applying two manufacturing parameters: 1) LT (50 or 100 μm) and 2) BA (0-, 45-, and 90-degree). Surface roughness and contact angle values were measured on the test surfaces (n=10 per group).

Weakly coordinated Li ion in single-ion-conductor-based composite enabling low electrolyte content Li-metal batteries.

The pulverization of lithium metal electrodes during cycling recently has been suppressed through various techniques, but the issue of irreversible consumption of the electrolyte remains a critical challenge, hindering the progress of energy-dense lithium metal batteries. Here, we design a single-ion-conductor-based composite layer on the lithium metal electrode, which significantly reduces the liquid electrolyte loss via adjusting the solvation environment of moving Li in the layer. A Li||NiMnCoO pouch cell with a thin lithium metal (N/P of 2.

Effect of layer thickness, build angle, and viscosity on the mechanical properties and manufacturing trueness of denture base resin for digital light processing.

Objectives: To investigate effects of layer thickness, build angle, and viscosity on the mechanical properties and trueness of denture base resins used for digital light processing (DLP).

Methods: Two denture base resins for DLP in different viscosity (high and low) were tested by using two manufacturing parameters:1) layer thickness (LT) (50- or 100-μm) and 2) build angle (BA) (0-, 45-, and 90-degree). disk- and bar-shaped specimens were used to evaluate hardness and flexural strength, respectively.

Influence of postpolymerization time and atmosphere on the mechanical properties, degree of conversion, and cytotoxicity of denture bases produced by digital light processing.

Statement Of Problem: Studies on the effects of postprocessing conditions on the physical properties, degree of conversion (DC), and biocompatibility of denture bases produced by digital light processing are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of the atmosphere during postpolymerization and of postpolymerization time on the flexural strength, Vickers hardness, DC, cytotoxicity, and residual monomer content of denture bases.

Material And Methods: Six different groups of bar- and disk-shaped specimens from the denture base resin were produced, considering 2 different atmospheres (air and nitrogen) and 3 different postpolymerization times (5, 10, and 20 minutes).

Diversity of (Cladosporiales, Cladosporiaceae) species in marine environments and report on five new species.

species are cosmopolitan fungi, characterized by olivaceous or dark colonies with coronate conidiogenous loci and conidial hila with a central convex dome surrounded by a raised periclinal rim. species have also been discovered in marine environments. Although many studies have been performed on the application of marine originated species, taxonomic studies on these species are scarce.

Fungal Catastrophe of a Specimen Room: Just One Week is Enough to Eradicate Traces of Thousands of Animals.

Indoor fungi obtain carbon sources from natural sources and even recalcitrant biodegradable materials, such as plastics and synthetic dye. Their vigorous activity may have negative consequences, such as structural damage to building materials or the destruction of precious cultural materials. The animal specimen room of the Seoul National University stocked 36,000 animal resources that had been well-maintained for over 80 years.

Five Previously Unrecorded Fungal Species Isolated from Marine Plastic Wastes in South Korea.

Plastic wastes have a negative impact on marine environments; however, they can be used as carbon sources and habitats by certain microbes. Microbes in the marine plastisphere can migrate worldwide through the ocean and cause serious environmental problems when they encounter suitable environments. Therefore, efforts to investigate the microbes inhabiting the marine plastisphere are increasing.