Distinguishing Pathologic Gait in Older Adults Using Instrumented Insoles and Deep Neural Networks.

Gait abnormalities are common in the older population owing to aging- and disease-related changes in physical and neurological functions. Differentiating the causes of gait abnormalities is challenging because various abnormal gaits share a similar pattern in older patients. Herein, we propose a deep neural network (DNN) model to classify disease-specific gait patterns in older adults using commercialized instrumented insoles.

Use of thymidine kinase 1 autoantibody, thymidine kinase antigen, extracellular protein kinase A autoantibody, and C-reactive protein for early detection of malignant tumors in dogs.

Background: Although the importance of early diagnosis of malignant tumors is a major concern, an easily accessible in-house method has not been established.

Objectives: To investigate the most optimal model by combining thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) autoantibody, extracellular protein kinase A (ECPKA) autoantibody, TK1 antigen, C-reactive protein (CRP), age, breed, and sex.

Animals: Serum samples from 1702 dogs were collected from local animal hospitals and referral animal medical centers in Korea.

Wireless Modular Implantable Neural Device with One-touch Magnetic Assembly for Versatile Neuromodulation.

Multimodal neural interfaces open new opportunities in brain research by enabling more sophisticated and systematic neural circuit dissection. Integrating complementary features across distinct functional domains, these multifunctional neural probes have greatly advanced the interrogation of complex neural circuitry. However, introducing multiple functionalities into a compact form factor for freely behaving animals presents substantial design hurdles that complicate the device or require more than one device.

Development of a nucleic acid detection method based on the CRISPR-Cas13 for point-of-care testing of bovine viral diarrhea virus-1b.

Bovine viral diarrhea (BVD) is a single-stranded, positive-sense ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus belonging to the genus of the family. BVD frequently causes economic losses to farmers. Among bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains, BVDV-1b is predominant and widespread in Hanwoo calves.

Optimization of turbidity removal and floc formation for ballasted flocculation using magnetite-based agents by response surface methodology.

In this study, a static mixer was used as an alternative to the existing flash mixing method for ballasted flocculation to assess the turbidity removal and ballasted floc formation characteristics. Synthetic magnetite exhibits excellent properties, such as high specific gravity, hydrophobicity, and wear resistance, making it a suitable ballast agent (BA). The experimental design was optimized using the response surface methodology.

Temporal Patterns of Angular Displacement of Endosomes: Insights into Motor Protein Exchange Dynamics.

The material transport system, facilitated by motor proteins, plays a vital role in maintaining a non-equilibrium cellular state. However, understanding the temporal coordination of motor protein activity requires an advanced imaging technique capable of measuring 3D angular displacement in real-time. In this study, a Fourier transform-based plasmonic dark-field microscope has been developed using anisotropic nanoparticles, enabling the prolonged and simultaneous observation of endosomal lateral and rotational motion.

From Homogeneity to Turing Pattern: Kinetically Controlled Self-Organization of Transmembrane Protein.

Understanding the spatial organization of membrane proteins is crucial for unraveling key principles in cell biology. The reaction-diffusion model is commonly used to understand biochemical patterning; however, applying reaction-diffusion models to subcellular phenomena is challenging because of the difficulty in measuring protein diffusivity and interaction kinetics in the living cell. In this work, we investigated the self-organization of the plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein (PLVAP), which creates regular arrangements of fenestrated ultrastructures, using single-molecule tracking.

Mid-old cells are a potential target for anti-aging interventions in the elderly.

The biological process of aging is thought to result in part from accumulation of senescent cells in organs. However, the present study identified a subset of fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells which are the major constituents of organ stroma neither proliferative nor senescent in tissues of the elderly, which we termed "mid-old status" cells. Upregulation of pro-inflammatory genes (IL1B and SAA1) and downregulation of anti-inflammatory genes (SLIT2 and CXCL12) were detected in mid-old cells.

Incremental Learning for Online Data Using QR Factorization on Convolutional Neural Networks.

Catastrophic forgetting, which means a rapid forgetting of learned representations while learning new data/samples, is one of the main problems of deep neural networks. In this paper, we propose a novel incremental learning framework that can address the forgetting problem by learning new incoming data in an online manner. We develop a new incremental learning framework that can learn extra data or new classes with less catastrophic forgetting.

Microsurgical treatment of distal middle cerebral artery aneurysm: A single-center review.

Objective: To review the characteristics of distal middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm treated by microsurgery, the detailed surgical options, and the clinical result.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed cerebral aneurysm in the M2 and M3 segments of the MCA surgically treated between January 2015 and December 2022. The demographic data, aneurysm-related findings, type of surgical approach, surgical technique, and clinical outcomes of the enrolled patients were analyzed.

Analysis of Phase Heterogeneity in Lipid Membranes Using Single-Molecule Tracking in Live Cells.

In live cells, the plasma membrane is composed of lipid domains separated by hundreds of nanometers in dynamic equilibrium. Lipid phase separation regulates the trafficking and spatiotemporal organization of membrane molecules that promote signal transduction. However, visualizing domains with adequate spatiotemporal accuracy remains challenging because of their subdiffraction limit size and highly dynamic properties.

EEG background frequency is associated with discharge outcomes in non-ICU hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Objective: To assess risk factors for encephalopathy in non-ICU hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and the effect of encephalopathy on short-term outcomes.

Methods: We collected clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of fifty patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to a ward service and who had an electroencephalogram (EEG) performed. Associations with short-term outcomes including hospital length of stay and discharge disposition were determined from univariate and multivariate statistical analysis.

AIS Trajectories Simplification Algorithm Considering Topographic Information.

With the development of maritime technology and equipment, most ships are equipped with an automatic identification system (AIS) to store navigation information. Over time, the size of the data increases, rendering its storage and processing difficult. Hence, it is necessary to transform the AIS data into trajectories, and then simplify the AIS trajectories to remove unnecessary information that is not related to route shape.

Two GPSes in a Ball: Deciphering the Endosomal Tug-of-War Using Plasmonic Dark-Field STORM.

Live video recording of intracellular material transport is a promising means of deciphering the fascinating underlying mechanisms driving life at the molecular level. Such technology holds the key to realizing real-time observation at appropriate resolutions in three-dimensional (3D) space within living cells. Here, we report an optical microscopic method for probing endosomal dynamics with proper spatiotemporal resolution within 3D space in live cells: plasmonic dark-field STORM (pdf-STORM).

In-Bi Electrocatalyst for the Reduction of CO to Formate in a Wide Potential Window.

The CO atmospheric concentration level hit the record at more than 400 ppm and is predicted to keep increasing as the dependence on fossil fuels is inevitable. The CO electrocatalytic conversion becomes an alternative due to its environmental and energy-friendly properties and benign operation condition. Lately, bimetallic materials have drawn significant interest as electrocatalysts due to their distinct properties, which the parents' metal cannot mimic.

Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for the discrimination of elite Korean cattle associated with high beef quality and quantity.

Techniques such as direct sequencing and PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) are widely used to analyze the genotypes of livestock. However, these conventional methods have the disadvantage of taking a lot of time and incurring considerable cost. The allele-specific PCR method performs PCR using two primers, and a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype can be identified through electrophoresis, saving time and cost.

Increased Ruminoreticular Temperature and Body Activity after Foot-and-Mouth Vaccination in Pregnant Hanwoo () Cows.

How does vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) affect pregnant cows? Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing the spread of FMD, but it is linked to sporadic side effects, such as abortion and premature birth, which result in economic loss. In this study, ruminoreticular temperature and body activity were measured before and after FMD vaccination using a ruminoreticular biocapsule sensor in Hanwoo cows at different stages of pregnancy. Compared to the unvaccinated groups, the ruminoreticular temperature increased 12 h after vaccination in the vaccinated groups.

Analysis of foot kinematics during toe walking in able-bodied individuals using the Oxford Foot Model.

Various neurological and musculoskeletal disorders can induce pathologic toe walking and lead to changes in foot kinematics. In this study, we analyzed the differences in foot kinematics between toe walking and heel-toe walking (HW) in able-bodied individuals. Twenty young healthy adults performed three gaits: HW, comfortable-height toe walking (CTW), and maximum-height toe walking (MTW).

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Caused by Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension: A Case Report.

This case report presents a rare case of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) caused by spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). The cause and prognosis of CVT can vary; CVT caused by SIH is uncommon and difficult to diagnose and treat. In this case, magnetic resonance imaging myelography showed definite cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and the patient's symptoms did not improve after conventional treatment.

Sunlight-Activatable ROS Generator for Cell Death Using TiO/-Si Microwires.

Solar-driven reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is an attractive disinfection technique for cell death and water purification. However, most photocatalysts require high stability in the water environment and the production of ROS with a sufficient amount and diffusion length to damage pathogens. Here, a ROS generation system was developed consisting of tapered crystalline silicon microwires coated with anatase titanium dioxide for a conformal junction.

Validity and safety of ID-JPL934 in lower gastrointestinal symptom improvement.

The study evaluated the efficacy of ID-JPL934, a probiotic preparation containing Lactobacillus johnsonii IDCC 9203, Lactobacillus plantarum IDCC 3501 and Bifidobacterium lactis IDCC 4301, in relieving lower gastrointestinal symptoms. A total of 112 subjects with lower gastrointestinal symptoms were consecutively enrolled. They were randomized into either ID-JPL934 administration group or placebo group.

Editorial for the Special Issue on Inertial Microfluidics.

The growing demands for label-free, high throughput processing of biological, environmental, and industrial samples have instigated technical innovations for inflow particle manipulations with better resolution and purity [...