Hypoglycaemic activity of Mathurameha, a Thai traditional herbal formula aqueous extract, and its effect on biochemical profiles of streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats.

Background: The Thai traditional herbal formula-Mathurameha, consisting of 26 medicinal plants, has been used as an alternative and complementary medicine for diabetes treatment in Wangnamyen Hospital, Thailand. To provide scientific evidences on the efficacy and safety of this herbal formula, in vivo hypoglycaemic activity, effect on serum biochemical profiles and acute toxicity were investigated.

Methods: Experimental type 2 diabetes was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide 15 min prior to intravenous injection of streptozotocin.

Isolation of a new compound, 2-butanone 4-glucopyranoside 6'-O-gallate and other 8 compounds from the anti-inflammatory leave extracts of Memecylon edule Roxb.

This present study was designed to isolate the compounds of Memecylon edule. The chemical compounds were purified by chromatographic methods and their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic analyses (UV, MS and NMR). The major isolated compounds were tested for anti-inflammatory activity.

In vitro inhibitory effects of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and its major components on chemiluminescence and chemotactic activity of phagocytes.

The ethanol extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves and its major constituents, crypto-chlorogenic acid, quercetin 3-O-glucoside and kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, were investigated on the respiratory burst of human whole blood and isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) using a luminol-based chemiluminescence assay. The chemotactic migration of PMNs was also investigated using the Boyden chamber technique.

Effect of Siam weed extract and its bioactive component scutellarein tetramethyl ether on anti-inflammatory activity through NF-κB pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Siam weed (Chromolaena odorata (L.) King and Robinson) is a medicinal herb used for wound healing and inflammation-related diseases.

Aim Of The Study: In this study, we evaluated the molecular mechanism by which Siam weed extract (SWE) and its bioactive components, scutellarein tetramethyl ether (scu), stigmasterol, and isosakuranetin affect anti-inflammatory activity.

In vivo and in vitro hemostatic activity of Chromolaena odorata leaf extract.

Context: Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.

Utilizing hydroglycolic extract from myrobalan fruits to counteract reactive oxygen species.

The hydroglycolic (HG) extract from 70% propylene glycol (PG) extraction of myrobalan fruits showed the most appreciable antioxidant efficiency towards 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) in comparison to the extracts from 30, 50, 70 and 100% ethyl alcohol (EA), and 30, 50 and 100% PG . Its total polyphenols were also higher than others. The additional analysis of antioxidant power revealed that this HG extract was able to counteract the induced oxidation caused by hydrogen peroxide (H(2) O(2) ) and 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH).

Toxicity evaluation of sappan wood extract in rats.

Background: The heartwood of Caesalpinia sappan L. or sappan wood has long been used in folk medicines to treat tuberculosis, diarrhea, dysentery, skin infections and anemia.

Objective: To study the acute and subacute toxicities of sappan wood extract in rats.

Aqueous extract of Abutilon indicum Sweet inhibits glucose absorption and stimulates insulin secretion in rodents.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effects of the aqueous extract derived from the Thai Abutilon indicum Sweet plant and to explore its effects on intestinal glucose absorption and insulin secretion. The authors hypothesized that the plasma glucose level could be reduced through the inhibition of glucose absorption and/or the enhancement of insulin secretion. Administration of the extract (0.

Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and wound healing activities of the leaves of Memecylon edule Roxb.

Aim Of The Study: To determine the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antioxidant activities of the leaves of Memecylon edule Roxb. used traditionally in Thailand.

Materials And Methods: Hexane, (Hex), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), methanol (MeOH) and 50% methanol (MeOH50) fractions of the dry leaves were tested in vitro for their interleukin-10 production; the most active fraction was further studied in vivo for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities using the ethylphenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced mouse ear edema and the writhing test with mice.

Antifungal activity and local toxicity study of Alangium salviifolium subsp hexapetalum.

Alangium salviifolium subsp hexapetalum is a medicinal plant which has been traditionally used for tonic and treatment of hemorrhoid. This plant showed promising antimicrobial activity in our preliminary experiments, this study was, therefore, conducted to investigate its inhibitory effect against dermatomycotic organisms and its toxicity. The lyophilized powder extract (4.

Manganese-based complexes of radical scavengers as neuroprotective agents.

Manganese was incorporated in the structure of the selected antioxidants to mimic the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and to increase radical scavenging ability. Five manganese complexes (1-5) showed potent SOD activity in vitro with IC(50) of 1.18-1.

Comparative quantitative structure-activity study of radical scavengers.

Classic and three-dimensional (3-D) QSAR analyses of 13 radical scavengers (1-13) were performed to derive two classic, two Apex-3-D and one comparative field analysis (CoMFA) models. Two classical models with predictive cross-validated r2 (Q2) over 0.96 indicated that the activity was attributed to the electronic COH and ELUMO, steric molar refractivity (MR) and lipophilic log P.

Chroman amide 12P inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protection against learning and memory impairment.

Structure modification of the cerebroprotective chroman amide 12 to improve the drug delivery to the target organ by protecting the active hydroxy functional group was carried out in this study. Chroman amide 12P, which the O-acetyl group was served to protect the active group to be delivered to the target organ, was synthesized. Ex vivo antilipid peroxidation activity of 12P was significantly greater than the activity of 12 while the in vitro inhibition of 12P was found to be lower.

Guava leaf extract and topical haemostasis.

The effects of guava leaf extract on the bleeding time and the three main mechanisms of haemostasis: vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation and blood coagulation, were investigated. The water extract of guava leaves did not shorten bleeding times in rats. Guava leaf extract potentiated the vascular muscle contraction induced in rabbits by phenylephrine, and when given alone it stimulated human platelet aggregation in vitro in a dose-dependent manner.

Chroman amide and nicotinyl amide derivatives: inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protection against head trauma.

A series of chroman amide and nicotinyl amide derivatives was designed and synthesized for the treatment of traumatic and ischemic CNS injury. Five compounds were significantly more potent inhibitors of lipid peroxidation in vitro than the reference antioxidant, trolox (p < 0.01).

Anticough and antimicrobial activities of Psidium guajava Linn. leaf extract.

The anticough activity of Psidium guajava Linn. (guava) leaf extract was evaluated in rats and guinea pigs. The results showed that water extract of the plant at doses of 2 and 5 g/kg, p.

Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of N-(alkyl/alkenyl/aryl)-N-heterocyclic ureas and thioureas.

A variety of N-(alkyl/alkenyl/aryl-N-heterocyclic ureas and thioureas were synthesized as potential antihypertensives. The selected heterocyclic nuclei were the 6-substituted quinoline and the pyridine. Eleven synthesized compounds and seven related compounds in the series were evaluated orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg in conscious deoxycorticosterone acetate/saline-treated hypertensive rats by the tail-cuff method.