American society for preventive cardiology 2024 cardiovascular disease prevention: Highlights and key sessions.

Groundbreaking strategies for preventive cardiology were showcased at the 2024 American Society for Preventive Cardiology (ASPC) Congress on Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Prevention held in Salt Lake City, Utah, from August 2nd to 4th, 2024. The event featured 69 moderators and 13 scientific sessions comprised of 98 topics, 36 satellite events, 133 poster presentations, and 27 lifestyle classes. The conference highlighted innovative strategies focused on integrating cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic health, presenting a cohesive approach for managing complex, interrelated conditions.

United States Pooled Cohort Cardiovascular Disease Risk Scores in Adults With Diabetes Mellitus.

Background: There is significant heterogeneity in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop risk scores for total CVD and its components from a contemporary pooled, observational cohort of U.S.

Interplay between lifestyle factors and polygenic risk for incident coronary heart disease in a large multiethnic cohort.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to examine the interplay of polygenic risk and individual lifestyle factors (and a composite score of lifestyle) as antecedents of CHD in a large multiethnic cohort.

Methods: We used Genetic Epidemiology Resource in Adult Health and Aging (GERA) cohort participants free of CHD at baseline (n = 60,568; 67 % female; 18 % non-European). The individual and joint associations of smoking, Mediterranean diet pattern, level of physical activity and polygenic risk with incident CHD were assessed using Cox regression adjusting for genetic ancestry and non-mediating risk factors.

Comorbidities and determinants of health on heart failure guideline-directed medical therapy adherence: All of us.

Background: Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are challenging conditions to treat due to complex pathophysiology and associated comorbidities. However, recent trials have demonstrated improved outcomes with guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for each subtype of heart failure.

Objective: We investigated the relationship of determinants of health and risk factors with GDMT use for HFrEF and HFpEF in a large, diverse US cohort.

Longitudinal changes in lifestyle behaviours and cardiovascular health during the transition to fatherhood: the Dad Bod observational cohort study protocol.

Introduction: Despite the importance of the transition to fatherhood as a critical life stage among young adult men, much remains unknown about the factors predictive of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) and how CVH is impacted as young men face new roles and responsibilities associated with fatherhood.

Methods And Analysis: To address this gap, the Dad Bod Study is a prospective, longitudinal and observational study designed to examine how fatherhood affects young men's CVH. A total of 125, first-time prospective fathers (men, 19-39 years) will be enrolled and followed over 1.

Artificial intelligence applied to coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC) significantly improves cardiovascular events prediction.

Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain valuable information beyond the Agatston Score which is currently reported for predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) only. We examined whether new artificial intelligence (AI) applied to CAC scans can predict non-CHD events, including heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and stroke. We applied AI-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry and calcified plaque characterization to CAC scans (AI-CAC) of 5830 asymptomatic individuals (52.

Does Adopting Western Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Targets Expose Indians to a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Events? Expert Opinion From the Lipid Association of India.

Adverse cardiovascular (CV) events have declined in Western countries due at least in part to aggressive risk factor control, including dyslipidemia management. The American and European (Western) dyslipidemia treatment guidelines have contributed significantly to the reduction in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) incidence in the respective populations. However, their direct extrapolation to Indian patients does not seem appropriate for the reasons described below.

Association of Energy Intake and Dietary Glycemic Load in Different Time Periods With Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among U.S. Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To examine the associations of energy intake and glycemic load (GL) in different time periods during the day with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality risk in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This cohort study included 2,911 adults with diabetes from who were part of the U.S.

Global Challenges After a Global Challenge: Lessons Learned from the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected not only individual lives but also the world and global systems, both natural and human-made. Besides millions of deaths and environmental challenges, the rapid spread of the infection and its very high socioeconomic impact have affected healthcare, economic status and wealth, and mental health across the globe. To better appreciate the pandemic's influence, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches are needed.

Coronary Artery Calcium for Risk Stratification Among Persons With Very High HDL Cholesterol.

Background: Compared to normal high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol values, very high HDL cholesterol is associated with a higher incidence of mortality and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). As such, clinical risk stratification among persons with very high HDL cholesterol is challenging.

Objectives: Among persons with very high HDL cholesterol, the purpose was to determine the prevalence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and compare the association between traditional risk factors vs CAC for all-cause mortality and ASCVD.

Energy Intake and Dietary Glycemic Load in Late Morning and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos-A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between meal timing and type 2 diabetes risk in U.S. Hispanic/Latino adults.

Effects of omega-3 fatty acids on coronary revascularization and cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis.

Aims: Benefits of pharmacologic omega-3 fatty acid administration in cardiovascular prevention are controversial. Particularly, effects on coronary revascularization are unclear; also debated are specific benefits of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). We investigated incident coronary revascularizations, myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF), unstable angina, and cardiovascular death, in subjects randomized to receive EPA or EPA + docosahexaenoic acid (EPA + DHA) vs.

US Population Eligibility and Estimated Impact of Tirzepatide Treatment on Obesity Prevalence and Cardiovascular Disease Events.

Purpose: Tirzepatide promotes weight loss and reduces risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults with overweight and obesity. We examined the number of US adults eligible for tirzepatide and its impact on obesity and CVD events.

Methods: We identified US adults aged ≥ 18 years from the cross-sectional US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2018 eligible for tirzepatide based on SURMOUNT-1 trial eligibility criteria.

Impact of Aging on Cardiovascular Diseases: From Chronological Observation to Biological Insights: Family Series.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has increasing challenges for human health with an increasingly aging population worldwide, imposing a significant obstacle to the goal of healthy aging. Rapid advancements in our understanding of biological aging process have shed new light on some important insights to aging-related diseases. Although numerous reviews delved into the mechanisms through which biological aging affects CVD and age-related diseases, most of these reviews relied heavily on research related to cellular and molecular processes often observed from animal experiments.

Impact of cardiorespiratory fitness and diabetes status on cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: An NHANES retrospective cohort study.

Unlabelled: High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with decreased mortality in people with pre-diabetes (pre-DM) and diabetes mellitus (DM); however, the degree to which CRF attenuates the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related and all-cause mortality is unclear.

Study Objective: We examined the impact of CRF status on CVD-related morbidity and all-cause mortality in non-DM, Pre-DM, and DM populations.

Design And Setting: 13,968 adults from the Third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) were stratified into non-DM, pre-DM, or DM groups based on HbA1c levels.

AI-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC) predicts heart failure and outperforms NT-proBNP: The multi-ethnic study of Atherosclerosis.

Introduction: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain useful information beyond the Agatston CAC score that is not currently reported. We recently reported that artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled cardiac chambers volumetry in CAC scans (AI-CAC™) predicted incident atrial fibrillation in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). In this study, we investigated the performance of AI-CAC cardiac chambers for prediction of incident heart failure (HF).

AI-enabled left atrial volumetry in coronary artery calcium scans (AI-CAC) predicts atrial fibrillation as early as one year, improves CHARGE-AF, and outperforms NT-proBNP: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.

Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scans contain actionable information beyond CAC scores that is not currently reported.

Methods: We have applied artificial intelligence-enabled automated cardiac chambers volumetry to CAC scans (AI-CAC) to 5535 asymptomatic individuals (52.2% women, ages 45-84) that were previously obtained for CAC scoring in the baseline examination (2000-2002) of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Polygenic risk and incident coronary heart disease in a large multiethnic cohort.

Objective: Many studies support the notion that polygenic risk scores (PRS) improve risk prediction for coronary heart disease (CHD) beyond conventional risk factors. However, PRS are not yet considered risk-enhancing factor in guidelines. Our objective was to determine the predictive performance of a commercially available PRS (CARDIO inCode-Score®) compared with the Pooled Cohorts Equations (PCE) in a contemporary, multi-ethnic cohort.