Body mass index and survival after cancer diagnosis: A pan-cancer cohort study of 114 430 patients with cancer.

The recommendation encouraging patients with cancer to keep a normal body mass index (BMI) is largely extrapolated from data on risk of developing cancer. We tested the prospective association between peri-diagnostic (within 1 year post-diagnosis) BMI and all-cause mortality in patients with incident cancers. During 7.

Neighborhood disadvantage and biological aging biomarkers among breast cancer patients.

Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood is associated with adverse clinical outcomes among breast cancer patients, but the underlying pathway is still unclear. Limited evidence has suggested that accelerated biological aging may play an important role. In this study, using a sub-sample of 906 women with newly diagnosed breast cancer at M.

eQTL Set-Based Association Analysis Identifies Novel Susceptibility Loci for Barrett Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Background: Over 20 susceptibility single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) have been identified for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its precursor, Barrett esophagus (BE), explaining a small portion of heritability.

Methods: Using genetic data from 4,323 BE and 4,116 EAC patients aggregated by international consortia including the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON), we conducted a comprehensive transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) for BE/EAC, leveraging Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) gene-expression data from six tissue types of plausible relevance to EAC etiology: mucosa and muscularis from the esophagus, gastroesophageal (GE) junction, stomach, whole blood, and visceral adipose. Two analytical approaches were taken: standard TWAS using the predicted gene expression from local expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), and set-based SKAT association using selected eQTLs that predict the gene expression.

Land use mix and leukocyte telomere length in Mexican Americans.

It has been well-known that built environment features influence the risk of chronic diseases. However, the existing data of its relationship with telomere length, a biomarker of biological aging, is still limited, with no study available for Mexican Americans. This study investigates the relationship between several factors of the built environment with leukocyte telomere length among 5508 Mexican American adults enrolled in Mano-A-Mano, the Mexican American Cohort Study (MACS).

Allostatic score and its associations with demographics, healthy behaviors, tumor characteristics, and mitochondrial DNA among breast cancer patients.

Introduction: Allostatic load (AL), a composite index, has been used to capture variation in life-course stresses. However, few studies have been carried out among breast cancer patients.

Methods: In this study, we examined the cross-sectional association of AL with demographics, healthy behaviors, tumor characteristics, and mitochondrial DNA copy number in breast cancer patients.

Correction: Shen, J.; et al. Biological Aging Marker p16 in T Cells and Breast Cancer Risk. 2020, , 3122.

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...

Sub-multiplicative interaction between polygenic risk score and household coal use in relation to lung adenocarcinoma among never-smoking women in Asia.

We previously identified 10 lung adenocarcinoma susceptibility loci in a genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted in the Female Lung Cancer Consortium in Asia (FLCCA), the largest genomic study of lung cancer among never-smoking women to date. Furthermore, household coal use for cooking and heating has been linked to lung cancer in Asia, especially in Xuanwei, China. We investigated the potential interaction between genetic susceptibility and coal use in FLCCA.

Germline variation in the insulin-like growth factor pathway and risk of Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and its precursor, Barrett's esophagus (BE), have uncovered significant genetic components of risk, but most heritability remains unexplained. Targeted assessment of genetic variation in biologically relevant pathways using novel analytical approaches may identify missed susceptibility signals. Central obesity, a key BE/EAC risk factor, is linked to systemic inflammation, altered hormonal signaling and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis dysfunction.

HIF3A DNA methylation, obesity and weight gain, and breast cancer risk among Mexican American women.

Objective: In previous epigenome-wide association studies, Hypoxia inducible Factor 3 Alpha Subunit (HIF3A) DNA methylation has been reported to be associated with body mass index (BMI) and weight change. However, none of these studies have included Mexican Americans.

Methods: In the current study, we assessed levels of HIF3A methylation in 927 Mexican American women identified from Mano-A-Mano, the Mexican American Cohort study.

Biological Aging Marker p16 in T Cells and Breast Cancer Risk.

Prior research has demonstrated that altered telomere length, a well-known marker for biological aging, is associated with various types of human cancer. However, whether such association extends to additional hallmarks of biological aging, including cellular senescence, has not been determined yet. In this two-stage study, we assessed the association between mRNA expression in T cells, a marker of cellular senescence, and breast cancer risk.

Validation of plasma metabolites associated with breast cancer risk among Mexican Americans.

In our previous breast cancer case control study in Hispanics, we found 14 metabolites whose levels differed between cases and controls. To validate the results, we carried out a nested case control study of 100 incident breast cancer and 100 matched healthy women identified from the Mano-A-Mano Mexican American Cohort study. With the adjustment of parity, education, birth place, language acculturation, BMI category, smoking, drinking, physical activity, and sitting time, 4 metabolites were associated with breast cancer risk: 3-hydroxyoctanoate (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.

Sex-Specific Genetic Associations for Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma.

Background & Aims: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) and its premalignant lesion, Barrett's esophagus (BE), are characterized by a strong and yet unexplained male predominance (with a male-to-female ratio in EA incidence of up to 6:1). Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 20 susceptibility loci for these conditions. However, potential sex differences in genetic associations with BE/EA remain largely unexplored.

Leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number and built environment in Mexican Americans: a cross-sectional study.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number in leukocytes has been regarded as a biomarker for various environmental exposures and chronic diseases. Our previous study showed that certain demographic factors (e.g.

Homologous recombination repair capacity in peripheral blood lymphocytes and breast cancer risk.

Deficiency in homologous recombination repair (HRR) capacity is frequently observed in breast tumors. However, whether HRR deficiency is a tumor-specific biomarker or a risk factor for breast cancer is unknown. In this two-stage study, using a host cell reactivation assay, we assessed the relationship between HRR capacity in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and breast cancer risk.

Author Correction: Personalized Risk Assessment in Never, Light, and Heavy Smokers in a prospective cohort in Taiwan.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Population-Based Study of Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Obesity in Mexican Americans.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the cross-sectional association between residential exposure to traffic-related air pollution and obesity in Mexican American adults.

Methods: A total of 7,826 self-reported Mexican Americans aged 20 to 60 years old were selected from the baseline survey of the MD Anderson Mano-a-Mano Mexican American Cohort. Concentrations of traffic-related particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter  < 2.

Understanding racial disparities in renal cell carcinoma incidence: estimates of population attributable risk in two US populations.

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence is higher among black than white Americans. The reasons for this disparity remain unclear.

Methods: We calculated race- and sex-specific population attributable risk percentages (PAR%) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) among black and white subjects ≥  50 years of age from the US Kidney Cancer Study (USKC; 965 cases, 953 controls), a case-control study in Chicago and Detroit, and a nested case-control study in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California health care network (KPNC; 2,162 cases, 21,484 controls).

Association Between Levels of Sex Hormones and Risk of Esophageal Adenocarcinoma and Barrett's Esophagus.

Background & Aims: Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) occurs most frequently in men. We performed a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate whether genetic factors that regulate levels of sex hormones are associated with risk of EAC or Barrett's esophagus (BE).

Methods: We conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis using data from patients with EAC (n = 2488) or BE (n = 3247) and control participants (n = 2127), included in international consortia of genome-wide association studies in Australia, Europe, and North America.

Serum ghrelin and esophageal and gastric cancer in two cohorts in China.

Ghrelin is a hormone produced in the oxyntic glands of the stomach. Previous work by our group has suggested that serum ghrelin concentrations are inversely associated with gastric and esophageal cancer risk. We measured ghrelin concentrations in the Linxian General Population Nutrition Intervention Trial (NIT), and the Shanghai Women's Health Study (SWHS).

Metabolic hormones and breast cancer risk among Mexican American Women in the Mano a Mano Cohort Study.

C-peptide, insulin, leptin, and other metabolic hormones are assumed to play roles in breast cancer development; though, results are inconsistent. In this prospective case-control study nested within the Mano a Mano Cohort Study, we assessed the risk of breast cancer with regard to plasma levels of c-peptide, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, insulin, leptin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, pancreatic polypeptide, and peptide YY. Among women followed for a median of 8.

Correction to: Breast cancer risk in relation to plasma metabolites among Hispanic and African American women.

In the original publication of the article, the sixth author name Krita A. Zanetti was mistakenly included as co-author. The corrected author group is given in the correction article.

Associations of serum CRP levels with demographics, health behaviors, and risk of cancer among the Mexican American Mano A Mano Cohort.

C-Reactive protein (CRP) is a well-known inflammatory marker, and elevated CRP levels has been reported to be associated with the risk of various cancers. To date, no study has investigated the association between elevated CRP and incidents of cancer among Mexican Americans. In the current prospective cohort study, we measured pre-diagnostic CRP levels in serum samples and evaluated their relationships with demographic characteristics and health behaviors associated with cancer risk among 2753 Mexican Americans selected from the Mano-A-Mano Mexican American Cohort Study.

Breast cancer risk in relation to plasma metabolites among Hispanic and African American women.

Purpose: The metabolic etiology of breast cancer has been explored in the past several years using metabolomics. However, most of these studies only included non-Hispanic White individuals.

Methods: To fill this gap, we performed a two-step (discovery and validation) metabolomics profiling in plasma samples from 358 breast cancer patients and 138 healthy controls.