Resting Heart Rate and Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Black Adults in the Jackson Heart Study.

Importance: Resting heart rate (RHR) is a widely available measure of cardiovascular fitness that has been associated with several cardiovascular outcomes. RHR has previously been associated with the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) among individuals of European ancestry, but little is known about this association in Black adults.

Objective: To evaluate the association between RHR and incident AF in a large community-based sample of Black adults, independently of established risk factors.

COVID-19 Not Hypertension or Diabetes Increases the Risk of Preeclampsia among a High-Risk Population.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection has been associated with greater morbidity and increased mortality in certain populations, such as those with chronic medical conditions, the elderly, and pregnant women. Our goal was to determine if COVID-19 infection during pregnancy increased the risk of preeclampsia in a population of women with increased risk factors for preeclampsia. We present a prospective observational matched case-control study of 100 deliveries with confirmed SARS-CoV2.

No association between perinatal mood disorders and hypertensive pregnancies.

Mental health disorders such as anxiety and/or depression are the most common mental health disorders seen among reproductive aged women and can increase during pregnancy. Many sociodemographic risk factors have been associated with anxiety and/or depression in pregnancy, which can lead to adverse maternal and infant outcomes including the risk of a hypertensive pregnancy. The current study prospectively examined self-reported anxiety, depression and stress in pregnant women without a history of fetal loss or mood disorders beginning at 20-26 weeks.

Crossword Puzzles and Knowledge Retention.

Students perceive crossword puzzles as enjoyable. In addition to students' perceptions, crossword puzzles actually improve knowledge retention. However, crossword puzzles increased exam scores for some students but not others.

Household Physical Activity and Risk for Future Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Household physical activity is associated with decreased risk for future falls; however, it is not known what components of household physical activity are associated with this decreased risk. In the current study, the frequency of seven household physical activities performed in the previous 12 months was assessed: child or older adult care, meal preparation, major cleaning, routine cleaning, gardening/yardwork, heavy outdoor work, and major home decoration or repair. Berg Balance Scale scores were dichotomized at ≤50, indicating less risk for future falls.

Cigarette Smoking, Incident Coronary Heart Disease, and Coronary Artery Calcification in Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study.

Background Although Black adults are more likely to die from coronary heart disease (CHD) compared with White adults, few studies have examined the relationship between cigarette smoking and CHD risk among Black adults. We evaluated the relationship between cigarette smoking, incident CHD, and coronary artery calcification in the JHS (Jackson Heart Study). Methods and Results We classified JHS participants without a history of CHD (n=4432) by self-reported baseline smoking status into current, former (smoked at least 400 cigarettes/life) or never smokers at baseline (2000-2004).

Transportation Physical Activity Earlier in Life and Areas of the Brain related to Dementia Later in Life.

Introduction: Efforts to preserve brain function may be most effective when administered before there are changes in the brain, which may occur decades before the onset of Alzheimer's disease symptoms. White matter hyperintensities (WMH), a cardiovascular disease biomarker, are areas of hyperintense signals scattered in the white matter of the brain evident on magnetic resonance images. WMH increase with age and are associated with a higher risk of dementia.

Joint modelling of longitudinal lipids and time to coronary heart disease in the Jackson Heart Study.

Background: Multiple longitudinal responses together with time-to-event outcome are common in biomedical studies. There are several instances where the longitudinal responses are correlated with each other and at the same time each longitudinal response is associated with the survival outcome. The main purpose of this study is to present and explore a joint modeling approach for multiple correlated longitudinal responses and a survival outcome.

Non-pharmacological strategies to obtain usable magnetic resonance images in non-sedated infants: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although the use of sedation is commonly practiced to keep infants still while receiving magnetic resonance imaging, non-pharmacological strategies are a potential alternative.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the success rate of obtaining usable magnetic resonance images in infants with the sole use of non-pharmacological strategies.

Design: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis SETTING: A search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane Library.

Depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate, weight gain and amenorrhea among obese adolescent and adult women.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between obesity and the use of depot medroxyprogesterone (DMPA) with regard to weight gain and changes in bleeding pattern. A retrospective chart review was conducted of women receiving 150 mg DMPA via intramuscular injection at inpatient and outpatient clinics at the University of Mississippi Medical Centre between 1 June 2012 and 31 December 2016. Body mass indices (BMI) were assessed at baseline and at the time of final injection.

Acute kidney injury associated with preeclampsia or hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets syndrome.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI), placental abruption and postpartum hemorrhage in patients with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome.

Study Design: A retrospective study of patients with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome treated at the University of Mississippi Medical Center from January 2000 through December 2010.

Main Outcome Measures: Relationships among the obstetric complications of placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, and AKI (serum creatinine >107 µmol/L) of women with preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome.

A semi-parametric mixed models for longitudinally measured fasting blood sugar level of adult diabetic patients.

Background: At the diabetic clinic of Jimma University Specialized Hospital, health professionals provide regular follow-up to help people with diabetes live long and relatively healthy lives. Based on patient condition, they also provide interventions in the form of counselling to promote a healthy diet and physical activity and prescribing medicines. The main purpose of this study is to estimate the rate of change of fasting blood sugar (FBS) profile experienced by patients over time.

A joint model for multivariate hierarchical semicontinuous data with replications.

Longitudinal data are often collected in biomedical applications in such a way that measurements on more than one response are taken from a given subject repeatedly overtime. For some problems, these multiple profiles need to be modeled jointly to get insight on the joint evolution and/or association of these responses over time. In practice, such longitudinal outcomes may have many zeros that need to be accounted for in the analysis.