Plastic Wound Protector vs Surgical Gauze for Surgical Site Infection Reduction in Open GI Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are prevalent hospital-acquired infections with significant patient impacts and global health care burdens. The World Health Organization recommends using wound protector devices in abdominal surgery as a preventive measure to lower the risk of SSIs despite limited evidence.

Objective: To examine the efficacy of a dual-ring, plastic wound protector in lowering the SSI rate in open gastrointestinal (GI) surgery irrespective of intra-abdominal contamination levels.

Concurrent ascending colon adenocarcinoma and ileocecal tuberculosis: A case report.

Rationale: Few cases have been reported of the coexistence of tuberculosis and adenocarcinoma of the large bowel. We report a rare case of concurrent ascending colon adenocarcinoma and ileocecal tuberculosis, which were nearly indistinguishable from one another.

Patient Concerns: A 59-year-old man visited our clinic with dizziness and anorexia.

Guidelines for accreditation of endoscopy units: quality measures from the Korean Society of Coloproctology.

Purpose: Colonoscopy is an effective method of screening for colorectal cancer (CRC), and it can prevent CRC by detection and removal of precancerous lesions. The most important considerations when performing colonoscopy screening are the safety and satisfaction of the patient and the diagnostic accuracy. Accordingly, the Korean Society of Coloproctology (KSCP) herein proposes an optimal level of standard performance to be used in endoscopy units and by individual colonoscopists for screening colonoscopy.

Efficacy and Safety of Ramosetron Injection for Nausea and Vomiting in Colorectal-Cancer Patients Undergoing a Laparoscopic Colectomy: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Comparative Study.

Purpose: A laparoscopic colectomy in colorectal-cancer patients is usually associated with a high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of injection of long-acting 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT) receptor antagonist for the reduction of PONV in patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: A total of 48 patients scheduled to undergo a laparoscopic colectomy for colorectal cancer were randomized in a double-blinded fashion.

Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for splenic flexure colon cancer are comparable to conventional open surgery.

Purpose: Few studies about laparoscopic surgery for splenic flexure colon cancer have been published. This study aims to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for splenic flexure colon cancer with those of conventional open surgery.

Methods: From January 2004 to December 2010, 51 consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for stages I-III splenic flexure colon cancer were enrolled.

α-Synuclein in the colon and premotor markers of Parkinson disease in neurologically normal subjects.

Extranigral non-motor signs precede the first motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease by many years in some patients. The presence of α-synuclein deposition within colon tissues in patients with Parkinson's disease can aid in identifying early neuropathological changes prior to disease onset. In the present study, we evaluated the roles of non-motor symptoms and signs and imaging biomarkers of nigral neuronal changes and α-synuclein accumulation in the colon.

IgG4-related disease of the rectum.

IgG4-related disease is a relatively new disease entity characterized by elevated serum IgG4 levels and marked infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in lesions. Organ enlargement or nodular lesions consisting of abundant infiltration of lymphocytes and IgG4-positive plasma cells and fibrosis are seen in various organs throughout. We encountered a patient with an inflammatory pseudotumor of the rectum, which was histopathologically confirmed to be an IgG4-related disease.

Predictive microRNAs for lymph node metastasis in endoscopically resectable submucosal colorectal cancer.

Accurate prediction of regional lymph node metastasis (LNM) in endoscopically resected T1-stage colorectal cancers (CRCs) can reduce unnecessary surgeries. To identify miRNA markers that can predict LNM in T1-stage CRCs, the study was conducted in two phases; (I) miRNA classifier construction by miRNA-array and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) using 36 T1-stage CRC samples; (II) miRNA classifier validation in an independent set of 20 T1-stage CRC samples. The expression of potential downstream target genes of miRNAs was assessed by immunohistochemistry.

Outcome of bridge to surgery stenting for obstructive left colon cancer.

Background: The aim of our study was to compare short- and long-term outcomes of stent insertion followed by surgery with those of emergency surgery for left colon malignant obstructions.

Methods: The medical records of patients who received curative resection due to obstructive primary left colon cancer and who were diagnosed with stage II or III from January 2004 to December 2010 in six hospitals affiliated with The Catholic University of Korea were reviewed. One hundred and twelve patients in self-expandable metallic stent (SEMS) group were matched to 56 patients in the emergency surgery (ES) group using propensity score matching method.

Laparoscopic Surgery for Transverse Colon Cancer: Short- and Long-Term Outcomes in Comparison with Conventional Open Surgery.

Background: Published studies on laparoscopic surgery for transverse colon cancer are scarce. More studies are necessary to evaluate the feasibility, safety, and long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for transverse colon cancer.

Subjects And Methods: From April 1996 to December 2010, 102 consecutive patients with stage II or III disease who had undergone curative resection for transverse colon cancer were enrolled.

Comparative study between transanal tube and loop ileostomy in low anterior resection for mid rectal cancer: a retrospective single center trial.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of the transanal tube (TAT) in preventing anastomotic leak (AL) in rectal cancer surgery.

Methods: Clinical data of the patients who underwent curative surgery for mid rectal cancer from February 2010 to February 2014 were reviewed retrospectively. Rectal cancers arising 5 to 10 cm above the anal verge were selected.

Niti CAR 27 Versus a Conventional End-to-End Anastomosis Stapler in a Laparoscopic Anterior Resection for Sigmoid Colon Cancer.

Purpose: The Niti CAR 27 (ColonRing) uses compression to create an anastomosis. This study aimed to investigate the safety and the effectiveness of the anastomosis created with the Niti CAR 27 in a laparoscopic anterior resection for sigmoid colon cancer.

Methods: In a single-center study, 157 consecutive patients who received an operation between March 2010 and December 2011 were retrospectively assessed.

The nutritional risk is a independent factor for postoperative morbidity in surgery for colorectal cancer.

Purpose: The authors evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition and its effect on the postoperative morbidity of patients after surgery for colorectal cancer.

Methods: Three hundred fifty-two patients were enrolled prospectively. Nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002) score was calculated through interview with patient on admission.

Single incision vs conventional laparoscopic anterior resection for sigmoid colon cancer: a case-matched study.

Background: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the safety and effects of single-incision laparoscopic anterior resection (SILAR) for sigmoid colon cancer by comparing it with conventional laparoscopic anterior resection (CLAR).

Methods: Twenty-four patients who underwent SILAR between April 2010 and July 2011 were case matched 1:2 with patients who underwent CLAR, with respect to age, sex, body mass index, tumor location, and history of abdominal surgery.

Results: Two patients in the SILAR group and 1 patient in the CLAR group experienced anastomotic leakage.

Initial experience of a surgical fellow in laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery under training protocol and supervision: comparison of short-term results for 70 early cases (under supervision) and 73 late cases (without supervision).

Purpose: Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a technically challenging procedure for beginners, such as surgical fellows. The purpose of this study was to assess the safety, feasibility, and short-term surgical outcomes of laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery by a single surgical fellow.

Methods: The study analyzed the data from 143 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal resection by a single surgical fellow between August 2009 and October 2010.

Identification and characterization of host factors interacting with Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus ORF8.

The orf8 gene (Bm8) in Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is one of 17 genes unique to group I NPVs and is expressed as an early gene. We have reported that Bm8 may play an important role during viral infection and that Bm8 protein co-localized with IE1 to specific nuclear foci throughout infection. It was also demonstrated that both IE1 and BmNPV hr facilitate this localization of Bm8.

The baculovirus uses a captured host phosphatase to induce enhanced locomotory activity in host caterpillars.

The baculovirus is a classic example of a parasite that alters the behavior or physiology of its host so that progeny transmission is maximized. Baculoviruses do this by inducing enhanced locomotory activity (ELA) that causes the host caterpillars to climb to the upper foliage of plants. We previously reported that this behavior is not induced in silkworms that are infected with a mutant baculovirus lacking its protein tyrosine phosphatase (ptp) gene, a gene likely captured from an ancestral host.

Baculovirus-encoded protein BV/ODV-E26 determines tissue tropism and virulence in lepidopteran insects.

Lepidopteran nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs) show distinct tissue tropism in host insect larvae. However, the molecular mechanism of this tropism is largely unknown. We quantitatively investigated NPV tissue tropism by measuring mRNA levels of viral genes in 16 tissues from Bombyx mori NPV (BmNPV)-infected B.