Optimal non-thermal inactivation methods by study of the microbial control effect in laver ( sp.).

Laver ( sp.) containing vitamins and minerals has a high total number of bacteria of 6-7 log CFU/g. Changes in microbial count in dried laver by light pulse, ultrahigh pressure, electron beam, and superheated steam treatment were compared.

Novel inactivation methods of (fermented soybean paste) by high pressure and ohmic heating.

The changes of the total cell number in (Korean traditional fermented soybean paste) by conventional conduction heating, high pressure non-thermal treatment, and ohmic heating were compared. A total of (10-10) CFU/g cells were decreased by heating at (100-105) °C for 10 min. The inactivation rate was improved when heated to a temperature higher than 110 °C, but the taste, color of were severely changed.

spores: a review of their properties and inactivation processing technologies.

Many factors determine the resistance properties of a spore to heat, chemical and physical processing, including thick proteinaceous coats, peptidoglycan cortex and low water content, high levels of dipicolinic acid (DPA), and divalent cations in the spore core. Recently, attention has been focused on non-thermal inactivation methods based on high pressure, ultrasonic, high voltage electric fields and cold plasmas for inactivating spores associated with deterioration in quality and safety. The important chemical sporicides are glutaraldehyde, chorine-releasing agents, peroxygens, and ethylene oxide.

Improving the quality of vegetable foodstuffs by microwave inactivation.

With the aim of improving the loss of quality in retorted vegetables, experiments on pretreatment inactivation using microwaves were carried out to allow the heating intensity to be reduced during retorting. Microwave heating reduced the bacteria level by 10 CFU/g, and was a more effective method considering the short processing time of 3 min and the required energy being 70-80% of that when using steam. The inactivation effect was due to dielectric heat generation by the high-frequency microwaves.

Antimicrobial effect of a combination of herb extract and organic acid against spores.

The sporicidal activities of the herbs were investigated to screen for novel antimicrobial substances against spores. The bacterial inactivation effects of ethanol extracts of coriander, caraway, mace at concentrations of 0.5% (w/v) and 1.

Sporicidal Activities of Various Surfactant Components against Bacillus subtilis Spores.

The sporicidal activities against Bacillus subtilis spores of surfactant components with hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties that can lead to the denaturation of various proteins comprising the spore structure were investigated. The reduction in spore numbers by each of the surfactant components bornyl acetate, geranyl acetate, pinene, p-cymene, camphene, citral, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran, polylysine, and thiamine dilaurylsulfate at 1% was estimated at 1 to 2 log CFU/ml. The average hydrophilelipophile balance value of surfactants with sporicidal activity causing a reduction of 1 to 2 log CFU/ml was 9.

The study of heat penetration of kimchi soup on stationary and rotary retorts.

The aim of this study was to determine the heat-penetration characteristics using stationary and rotary retorts to manufacture Kimchi soup. Both heat-penetration tests and computer simulation based on mathematical modeling were performed. The sterility was measured at five different positions in the pouch.

Sulfur-infiltrated micro- and mesoporous silicon carbide-derived carbon cathode for high-performance lithium sulfur batteries.

Novel nanostructured sulfur (S)-carbide derived carbon (CDC) composites with ordered mesopores and high S content are successfully prepared for lithium sulfur batteries. The tunable pore-size distribution and high pore volume of CDC allow for an excellent electrochemical performance of the composites at high current densities. A higher electrolyte molarity is found to enhance the capacity utilization dramatically and reduce S dissolution in S-CDC composite cathodes during cycling.