Intraperitoneal Treatment of Cambinol, a Synthetic SIRT1 and SIRT2 Inhibitory Compound, Exacerbates 544 Burden in the Spleens of Institute of Cancer Research Mice.

Our preliminary data using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) collected from ICR mice treated with anti-sirtuin (anti-SIRT) 1 antibody showed that uptake was significantly attenuated. We then further investigated the effect of an inhibitor of SIRT1/2, cambinol, in the progression of . The in vitro results using RAW264.

Hypertonic Saline Induces Host Protective Immune Responses against Infection in Mice.

Hypertonic saline (HTS) resuscitation can enhance immune responses against various pathogens, however, the effect of HTS on brucellosis is yet to be defined. In this study, we found that HTS inhibited infection in mice by augmenting Th1 immunity. HTS treatment enhanced the serum cytokines production and the expression of nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-ĸB) p50 and p65, crucial anti- effectors in splenocytes.

Large-Scale Field Trials of an Vaccine Induce Positive Effects on the Production Index of Broilers.

Live coccidiosis vaccines have mainly been used to reduce species infection, which is considered the most economically important disease in the poultry industry. Evaluation data on vaccine effectiveness through large-scale field experiments are lacking, especially in broilers. Thus, the effectiveness of a commercial coccidiosis vaccine was evaluated in approximately 900,000 chicks reared on three open-broiler farms where coccidiosis is prevalent.

African Swine Fever in the Philippines: A Review on Surveillance, Prevention, and Control Strategies.

African swine fever (ASF), a highly contagious disease of swine, has posed a significant global threat to the swine industry. As an archipelago, the Philippines has a geographic advantage when it comes to the risk of ASF transmission. However, since its introduction to the Philippines in 2019, it has proliferated not only in backyard and commercial farms but also in wild pig populations.

Identification of Critical Immune Regulators and Potential Interactions of IL-26 in -Infected Ducks by Transcriptome Analysis and Profiling.

(RA) is an economically important pathogen in the duck industry worldwide that causes high mortality and morbidity in infected birds. We previously found that upregulated IL-17A expression in ducks infected with RA participates in the pathogenesis of the disease, but this mechanism is not linked to IL-23, which primarily promotes Th17 cell differentiation and proliferation. RNA sequencing analysis was used in this study to investigate other mechanisms of IL-17A upregulation in RA infection.

Comparative Analysis of Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Characteristics of Two Major Species from Poultry Slaughterhouses in South Korea.

The spread of antibiotic-resistant in the poultry industry poses significant public health challenges due to multidrug resistance and biofilm formation. We investigated the antibiotic resistance profiles and biofilm characteristics of and isolates from chicken meat in poultry slaughterhouses in South Korea. Ninety-six isolates (forty-eight each of and ) were collected between March and September 2022.

Genetic Characterization and Phylogeographic Analysis of the First H13N6 Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Vega Gull in South Korea.

Avian influenza virus (AIV) is a pathogen with zoonotic and pandemic potential. Migratory birds are natural reservoirs of all known subtypes of AIVs, except for H17N10 and H18N11, and they have been implicated in previous highly pathogenic avian influenza outbreaks worldwide. This study identified and characterized the first isolate of the H13N6 subtype from a Vega gull () in South Korea.

Development of a Parturition Detection System for Korean Native Black Goats.

Korean Native Black Goats deliver mainly during the cold season. However, in winter, there is a high risk of stunted growth and mortality for their newborns. Therefore, we conducted this study to develop a KNBG parturition detection system that detects and provides managers with early notification of the signs of parturition.

Intracellular Growth Inhibition and Host Immune Modulation of 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole in Murine Brucellosis.

Catalase, an antioxidant enzyme widely produced in mammalian cells and bacteria, is crucial to mitigating oxidative stress in hostile environments. This function enhances the intracellular survivability of various intracellular growth pathogens, including (.) .

Promotion of Th1 and Th2 responses over Th17 in Riemerella anatipestifer stimulation in chicken splenocytes: Correlation of gga-miR-456-3p and gga-miR-16-5p with NOS2 and CCL5 expression.

Riemerella (R.) anatipestifer poses a significant threat to ducks, resulting in mortality rates ranging from 5-75%. This disease is highly infectious and economically consequential for domestic ducks.

The Modulatory Effect of Sodium Propionate Treatment in the Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Intracellular Growth of 544 in Raw 264.7 Cells.

In this study, we investigated the effects of sodium propionate (SP) treatment on intracellular mechanism of murine macrophages and its contribution to host immunity during 544 infection. The intracellular growth assay revealed that SP inhibited replication inside the macrophages. To determine intracellular signaling involved during SP treatment after infection, we analyzed the change of five different cytokines production relevant to SP such as TNF-α, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6, and the results indicated that the boost with IL-10 was apparent throughout the culture period for 48 h as well as IL-1β which was apparent at 24 h post-infection and IFN-γ which was apparent at 24 h and 48 h in comparison to SP untreated groups.

Protective Effects against 544 Infection in a Murine Macrophage Cell Line and in a Mouse Model via Treatment with Sirtuin 1 Activators Resveratrol, Piceatannol and Ginsenoside Rg3.

Brucellosis is a contagious zoonotic disease that infects millions of people annually with hundreds of millions more being exposed. It is caused by , a highly infectious bacterial species capable of infecting humans with an estimated dose of 10-100 organisms. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been reported to contribute to prevention of viral diseases as well as a chronic infection caused by .

The In Vitro and In Vivo Effect of Lipoxygenase Pathway Inhibitors Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid and Its Derivative Tetra--methyl Nordihydroguaiaretic Acid against 544.

This study investigated the contribution of lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors, nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), tetra--methyl nordihydroguaiaretic acid (MN) and zileuton (ZIL), and thromboxane A2 (TXA) inhibitor 4,5-diphenylimidazole (DPI) in the proliferation of infection. None of the compounds affected the uptake of into the macrophages. We determined the effect of neutralizing leukotriene B4 (LTB4) receptor and showed that the uptake of the bacteria was inhibited at 30 min post-infection.

Simvastatin Inhibits Invasion into RAW 264.7 Cells through Suppression of the Mevalonate Pathway and Promotes Host Immunity during Infection in a Mouse Model.

Simvastatin is an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase and has been found to have protective effects against several bacterial infections. In this study, we investigate the effects of simvastatin treatment on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells and ICR mice against () infections.

Epidemiological investigation and drug resistance of Eimeria species in Korean chicken farms.

Background: Coccidiosis is a poultry disease that occurs worldwide and is caused by Eimeria species. The infection is associated with reduced feed efficiency, body weight gain, and egg production. This study aimed to investigate the current status of coccidiosis and anticoccidial resistance to anticoccidial drugs used as part of control strategies for this disease in Korean chicken farms.

Cobalt (II) Chloride Regulates the Invasion and Survival of 544 in RAW 264.7 Cells and B6 Mice.

The effects of Cobalt (II) chloride (CoCl) in the context of () infection have not been evaluated so far. Firstly, we found that CoCl treatment inhibited the phagocytosis of into RAW 264.7 cells.

Duck Interleukin-22: Identification and Expression Analysis in Infection.

is one of the most devastating pathogens affecting the global duck farms. Infection is involved in secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin- (IL-) 17A. During the immune response to infection, IL-22 and IL-17A are often produced concurrently and at high levels in inflamed tissues.

Expression of Chicken NK-Lysin and Its Role in Chicken Coccidiosis Induced by Eimeria necatrix.

Coccidiosis in chickens is an intestinal parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites named Eimeria spp. In some Eimeria infections, intestinal lymphocytes are known to highly express chicken NK-lysin (cNK-lysin), an antimicrobial peptide with anticoccidial activity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the expression of cNK-lysin in E.

Anticoccidial Activity of Berberine against Eimeria-Infected Chickens.

Avian coccidiosis has a major economic impact on the poultry industry, it is caused by 7 species of Eimeria, and has been primarily controlled using chemotherapeutic agents. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, alternative control strategies are needed. We assessed anticoccidial effects of berberine-based diets in broiler chickens following oral infection with 5 Eimeria species (E.

Immune-metabolic receptor GPR84 surrogate and endogenous agonists, 6-OAU and lauric acid, alter Brucella abortus 544 infection in both in vitro and in vivo systems.

Brucella abortus, one of the most important members of the genus Brucella responsible for human disease, is an intracellular pathogen capable of avoiding or interfering components of the host immune responses that are critical for its virulence. GPR84, on the other hand, is a seven-transmembrane GPCR involved in the inflammatory response and its induced expression was associated with B. abortus infection of RAW264.

Formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) antagonism is a potential target for the prevention of Brucella abortus 544 infection.

Here, we explore the potential role of formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2) during Brucella abortus infection. FPR2 manipulation affected B. abortus internalization but not its growth within macrophages.

Immunization With a Combination of Four Recombinant Proteins Omp16, Omp19, Omp28, and L7/L12 Induces T Helper 1 Immune Response Against Virulent 544 Infection in BALB/c Mice.

Protective efficiency of a combination of four recombinant () proteins, namely outer membrane protein (Omp) 16, Omp19, Omp28, and 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12 was evaluated as a combined subunit vaccine (CSV) against infection in RAW 264.7 cell line and murine model. The immunoreactivity of these four recombinant proteins as well as pCold-TF vector reacted with -positive serum individually, but not with -negative serum by immunoblotting assay.

Transcriptomic profiling of phospholipase A2 and the role of arachidonic acid during Brucella abortus 544 infection in both in vitro and in vivo systems.

To date, the antimicrobial activity of arachidonic acid (AA) with regard to pathogenesis of Brucella in macrophages is unknown. We found that AA is highly toxic to B. abortus in a time- and dose-dependent manner.