Comparative Analysis of Proteomes and Phosphoproteomes in Patients with Prostate Cancer Using Different Surgical Conditions.

Purpose: To establish the standard of procedure in preparing benign and cancerous prostate tissues and evaluate the quality of proteomics and phosphoproteomics during transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) with different surgical conditions.

Materials And Methods: TUR-P tissue samples from three patients, two diagnosed with prostate cancer and one with benign prostatic hyperplasia, were each analyzed under three different conditions, based on differences in energy values, tissue locations, and surgical techniques. Global- and phosphorylated proteomic profiles of prostate tissues were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Chemical control of receptor kinase signaling by rapamycin-induced dimerization.

Membrane-localized leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases (LRR-RKs) sense diverse extracellular signals, and coordinate and specify cellular functions in plants. However, functional understanding and identification of the cellular signaling of most LRR-RKs remain a major challenge owing to their genetic redundancy, the lack of ligand information, and subtle phenotypes of LRR-RK overexpression. Here, we report an engineered rapamycin-inducible dimerization (RiD) receptor system that triggers a receptor-specific LRR-RK signaling independent of their cognate ligands or endogenous receptors.

E2F1 Promotes Progression of Bladder Cancer by Modulating RAD54L Involved in Homologous Recombination Repair.

DNA repair defects are important factors in cancer development. High DNA repair activity can affect cancer progression and chemoresistance. DNA double-strand breaks in cancer cells caused by anticancer agents can be restored by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination repair (HRR).

Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System for Multiparametric MRI to Predict the Presence of Muscle Invasion for Bladder Cancer.

Background: The Vesical Imaging-Reporting and Data System (VI-RADS) is a newly developed system of bladder cancer staging with multiparametric MRI (mpMRI), which can be used to predict the presence of muscle invasion for bladder cancer.

Purpose: To evaluate the accuracy of three mpMRI series (T WI, diffusion-weighted imaging [DWI], and dynamic contrast-enhanced image [DCEI]) and VI-RADS for diagnosing the muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Study Type: Retrospective.

Gastric-type gene expression and phenotype in non-terminal respiratory unit type adenocarcinoma of the lung with invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma morphology.

Aims: We sought to determine if non-terminal respiratory unit (TRU) type adenocarcinoma of lung with invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) morphology shows gastric differentiation.

Methods And Results: We reviewed whole-section images of 489 cases of lung adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). TCGA data were classified into 426 TRU type adenocarcinoma, 49 IMA and 14 unclassifiable.

Inflammatory Endobronchial Myofibroblastic Tumor: A Case Report.

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor is a rare benign lesion that accounts for 0.04-1% of all lung tumors and usually appears as a solitary pulmonary nodule or mass. Here, we report the case of an endobronchial inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor in a 21-year-old man with a focus on the imaging findings and a review of previous literature.

Beating Thermal Coarsening in Nanoporous Materials via High-Entropy Design.

Controlling the feature sizes of 3D bicontinuous nanoporous (3DNP) materials is essential for their advanced applications in catalysis, sensing, energy systems, etc., requiring high specific surface area. However, the intrinsic coarsening of nanoporous materials naturally reduces their surface energy leading to the deterioration of physical properties over time, even at ambient temperatures.

Effects of pre-applied orthodontic force on the regeneration of periodontal tissues in tooth replantation.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of pre-applied orthodontic force on the regeneration of periodontal ligament (PDL) tissues and the underlying mechanisms in tooth replantation.

Methods: Orthodontic force (50 cN) was applied to the left maxillary first molars of 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 32); the right maxillary first molars were left untreated to serve as the control group. After 7 days, the first molars on both sides were fully luxated and were immediately replanted in their original sockets.

TFE3 translocation and protein expression in renal cell carcinoma are correlated with poor prognosis.

Aims: Since Xp11.2 translocation-associated renal cell carcinoma (TRCC) was first recognised, its morphological features and the clinical significance of TFE3 expression, frequency of gene translocation and diagnostic criteria have been the subject of limited studies. The present retrospective analysis aimed to evaluate the correlation between TFE3 immunoreactivity and its gene translocation status using fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) and determine how TFE3 translocation and expression affect patient prognosis differently.

Comparison of the accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) results with the final pathology findings for radical prostatectomy specimens in the detection of prostate cancer.

Aims: To assess the accuracy of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), used in conjunction with the Prostrate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS), version 2, in the detection of prostate cancer (PCa), and to determine the extent of the efficacy of mpMRI as a screening test in biopsy-naïve patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted in 107 patients who underwent mpMRI prior to radical prostatectomy (RP) at a single institution. The mpMRI findings were reassessed using PI-RADS, version 2.

Cytoplasmic TrkA Expression as a Screen for Detecting NTRK1 Fusions in Colorectal Cancer.

NTRK1 gene fusions, the targets of multikinase inhibitors, are promising therapeutic targets for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, screening methods for detecting NTRK1 gene fusions in CRC tissues have not been reported. In this study, we investigated the potential use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detecting NTRK1 gene fusions.

The significance of tumor budding in T1 colorectal carcinoma: the most reliable predictor of lymph node metastasis especially in endoscopically resected T1 colorectal carcinoma.

Endoscopic resection is widely recognized as a first-line treatment for T1 colorectal cancers (CRC), although additional surgical intervention may be indicated based on the risk of lymph node (LN) metastasis. However, risk factors for LN metastasis in T1 CRC not fully established. We investigated the clinicopathological features of T1 CRC and evaluated their association with lymph node metastasis in 133 cases of T1 CRC, consisting of 87 cases with first-line endoscopic resection (EMR) followed by additional surgery and 46 cases with primary surgical resection.

Effect of tenofovir on renal function in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is widely used to treat patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We investigated the effect of TDF on renal insufficiency in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).A consecutive cohort analysis was applied to CHB patients taking prescribed TDF from January 2012 to May 2016 at Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital.

The cumulative incidence and risk factors of postoperative inguinal hernia in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the cumulative incidence and risk factors of postoperative inguinal hernia (PIH) in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy, i.e., laparoscopic prostatectomy (LRP) and robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RARP).

Three cases of adrenocortical tumors mistaken for hepatocellular carcinomas/diagnostic pitfalls and differential diagnosis.

Adrenocortical adenomas and carcinomas in other parenchyma are extremely rare, with few cases reported and because of the rarity of these tumors, they occasionally cause problems during diagnosis. Adrenal cortical neoplasms in liver parenchyma can be present in 3 forms, including direct invasion or adhesion to liver parenchyma, tumors arising in adrenohepatic fusion tissue or in ectopic adrenal gland tissue. We report 3 cases of adrenal cortical tumors that were misdiagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma in the preoperative state.

Occurrence of metachronous or synchronous lesions after endoscopic treatment of gastric epithelia dysplasia- impact of histologic features of background mucosa.

Aims: Endoscopic resection is a safe and effective method to treat gastric epithelia dysplasia (GED). However, the development of metachronous and synchronous lesions after treatment has become a major concern. In this study, we investigated clinicopathologic features of 105 GED lesions from endoscopic resections between January 2008 and December 2009.

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in tumour cell and tumour infiltrating lymphocytes of HER2-positive breast cancer and its prognostic value.

Immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 axis showed benefits in cancer. Prognostic significance of tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has been determined. We evaluated PD-L1 protein expression in tumour cells and TILs, PD-L1 mRNA level and various histopathologic factors including TILs using 167 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissues and 39 fresh tissue of HER2-positive breast cancer.

Validation of ALK/ROS1 Dual Break Apart FISH Probe probe in non-small-cell lung cancer.

Background: ALK and ROS1 gene rearrangements are distinct molecular subsets of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and they are strong predictive biomarkers of response to ALK/ROS1 inhibitors, such as crizotinib. Thus, it is clinically important to develop an effective screening strategy to detect patients who will benefit from such treatment. In this study, we aimed to validate analytical performance of Vysis ALK/ROS1 Dual Break Apart Probe Kit (RUO) in NSCLC.

A prospective comparative assessment of the accuracy of the FibroScan in evaluating liver steatosis.

Background/aims: Recent studies have demonstrated the utility of the FibroScan® device in diagnosing liver steatosis, but its usefulness has not been thoroughly appraised. We investigated the usefulness of the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) in detecting and quantifying liver steatosis.

Methods: A prospective analysis was applied to 79 chronic liver disease patients who underwent a liver biopsy, a FibroScan investigation, ultrasonography, and hepatic steatosis index (HSI).

Would Lipophilic Statin Therapy as a Prognostic Factor Improve Survival in Patients With Uterine Cervical Cancer?

Objectives: In vitro studies showed that lipophilic statins inhibit cell growth, adhesion, and invasion and induce apoptosis in cancer cell lines. In uterine cervical cancer, several important factors including age, stage, anemia, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastases, and parametrial spread were known to significantly predict survival. We investigated whether statin therapy as a prognostic factor would significantly predict survival in cervical cancer.

IDH1 R132C mutation is detected in clear cell hepatocellular carcinoma by pyrosequencing.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation is common in low-grade glioma (approximately 80%) and acute myeloid leukemia (approximately 10%). Other than brain tumor or hematologic malignancies, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC) is a well-known solid tumor with IDH1 mutation (6.8-20%).

Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Mutational Status of Succinate Dehydrogenase Genes in Paraganglioma of the Urinary Bladder: A Multi-Institutional Korean Study.

Context: - Because of the limited number of available primary bladder paraganglioma (PBPG) cases, the rates of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) mutations and the clinicopathologic characteristics of SDH-deficient tumors have not been fully studied.

Objective: - To define the clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of PBPGs.

Design: - A total of 52 PBPGs were collected retrospectively.