Field-Free Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetization Switching in a Single-Phase Ferromagnetic and Spin Hall Oxide.

Current-induced spin-orbit torque (SOT) offers substantial promise for the development of low-power, nonvolatile magnetic memory. Recently, a single-phase material concurrently exhibiting magnetism and the spin Hall effect has emerged as a scientifically and technologically interesting platform for realizing efficient and compact SOT systems. Here, we demonstrate external-magnetic-field-free switching of perpendicular magnetization in a single-phase ferromagnetic and spin Hall oxide SrRuO.

Phase-change memory via a phase-changeable self-confined nano-filament.

Phase-change memory (PCM) has been considered a promising candidate for solving von Neumann bottlenecks owing to its low latency, non-volatile memory property and high integration density. However, PCMs usually require a large current for the reset process by melting the phase-change material into an amorphous phase, which deteriorates the energy efficiency. Various studies have been conducted to reduce the operation current by minimizing the device dimensions, but this increases the fabrication cost while the reduction of the reset current is limited.

Quantum transport evidence of isolated topological nodal-line fermions.

Anomalous transport responses, dictated by the nontrivial band topology, are the key for application of topological materials to advanced electronics and spintronics. One promising platform is topological nodal-line semimetals due to their rich topology and exotic physical properties. However, their transport signatures have often been masked by the complexity in band crossings or the coexisting topologically trivial states.

Spin-Orbit Torque Switching in an All-Van der Waals Heterostructure.

Current-induced control of magnetization in ferromagnets using spin-orbit torque (SOT) has drawn attention as a new mechanism for fast and energy efficient magnetic memory devices. Energy-efficient spintronic devices require a spin-current source with a large SOT efficiency (ξ) and electrical conductivity (σ), and an efficient spin injection across a transparent interface. Herein, single crystals of the van der Waals (vdW) topological semimetal WTe  and vdW ferromagnet Fe GeTe are used to satisfy the requirements in their all-vdW-heterostructure with an atomically sharp interface.

Evidence of two-dimensional flat band at the surface of antiferromagnetic kagome metal FeSn.

The kagome lattice has long been regarded as a theoretical framework that connects lattice geometry to unusual singularities in electronic structure. Transition metal kagome compounds have been recently identified as a promising material platform to investigate the long-sought electronic flat band. Here we report the signature of a two-dimensional flat band at the surface of antiferromagnetic kagome metal FeSn by means of planar tunneling spectroscopy.

Volumetric assessment of extrusion in medial meniscus posterior root tears through semi-automatic segmentation on 3-tesla magnetic resonance images.

Background: Many reports have described the relationship between medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) and meniscal extrusion on coronal magnetic resonance (MR) images. However, volumetric assessment of meniscal extrusion has not been performed, and the correlation between extrusion length and volume remains unclear.

Hypothesis: Extrusion in both length and volume would be greater in MMPRTs than that in the normal medial meniscus, and the extrusion length measured on coronal MR images would be correlated with the extrusion volume.

Heparin-Coated Albumin Nanoparticles for Drug Combination in Targeting Inflamed Intestine.

Targeting areas of inflammation offers potential therapeutic and diagnostic benefits by maximizing drug and imaging marker on-target effects while minimizing systemic exposure that can be associated with adverse side effects. This strategy is particularly beneficial in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here an inflammation-targeting (IT) approach based on heparin-coated human serum albumin nanoparticles (HEP-HSA NPs) that utilize the increased intestinal permeability and changes in electrostatic interaction at the site of intestinal inflammation is described.

Partial meniscectomy provides the favorable outcomes for symptomatic medial meniscus tear with an intact posterior root.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for medial meniscus tear (with intact posterior root) and to analyze the risk factors for treatment failure.

Methods: The records of 165 patients who underwent partial meniscectomy for medial meniscus tear with intact posterior root with a minimum 5-year follow-up were included. Modified Lysholm score and radiologic outcomes were compared between preoperative and latest follow-up periods.

A Novel Arthroscopic Classification of Degenerative Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tears Based on the Tear Gap.

Background: Degenerative medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) are reportedly associated with medial compartment osteoarthritis and meniscal extrusion with a displaced gap from the root insertion. However, degenerative MMPRTs have not yet been clearly classified according to arthroscopic findings.

Purpose: To classify degenerative MMPRTs according to the tear gap and to investigate how the classification could reflect the joint condition properly.

Discoid lateral meniscus: a simple horizontal tear was associated with less articular cartilage degeneration compared to other types of tear.

Purpose: The relationship between the tear type of discoid lateral meniscus (DLM) and articular cartilage degeneration has not been well studied.

Methods: Data from patients with DLM tears who underwent arthroscopic surgery, between 2008 and 2016, were reviewed retrospectively. Demographic variables were obtained from medical records.

Accuracy of the femoral tunnel position in robot-assisted anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using a magnetic resonance imaging-based navigation system: A preliminary report.

Background: Tunnel misplacement is a common cause of failed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. In this study, the accuracy of the femoral tunnel position was evaluated in robot-assisted ACL reconstruction using a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based navigation system. We hypothesized that a difference of less than 2 mm between the planned femoral tunnel position and the created one was achievable.

Total Knee Arthroplasty With Patellar Retention: The Severity of Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis Did Not Affect the Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes.

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with patellar retention in accordance with the severity of patellofemoral arthritis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent TKA with patellar retention using the NexGen LPS or LPS-flex system between September 2010 and May 2015. The radiographic severity of patellofemoral arthritis was categorized according to the Iwano classification system, and subjects were divided into mild (stage 0-I) and moderate to severe (stage II-IV) groups.

Mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in old-aged patients demonstrates superior short-term clinical outcomes to open-wedge high tibial osteotomy in middle-aged patients with advanced isolated medial osteoarthritis.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical outcomes of mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (MB-UKA) and open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) for advanced isolated medial osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: Patients with advanced medial compartment OA (Ahlbäck grade ≥ II) who underwent either MB-UKA with Oxford Knee or OWHTO were included. The minimum follow-up was two years.

Configuration-controlled Au nanocluster arrays on inverse micelle nano-patterns: versatile platforms for SERS and SPR sensors.

Nanopatterned 2-dimensional Au nanocluster arrays with controlled configuration are fabricated onto reconstructed nanoporous poly(styrene-block-vinylpyridine) inverse micelle monolayer films. Near-field coupling of localized surface plasmons is studied and compared for disordered and ordered core-centered Au NC arrays. Differences in evolution of the absorption band and field enhancement upon Au nanoparticle adsorption are shown.

Musicians' medicine: musculoskeletal problems in string players.

There is increasing attention to medical problems of musicians. Many studies find a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders in musicians, ranging from 73.4% to 87.

Polymorphonuclear cell count on frozen section is not an absolute index of reimplantation in infected total knee arthroplasty.

We evaluated the outcomes in 15 patients with infected total knee arthroplasty (TKA) who underwent reimplantation following excision arthroplasty in the presence of five to twenty polymorphonuclear cells per high power field (hpf) on intraoperative frozen section. At a minimum of two years of follow-up, we achieved 100% infection eradication rate with normalization of C-reactive protein levels, no radiolucency on plain radiographs and no clinical evidence of recurred infection. Successful reimplantation for infected TKA is possible despite of the presence of five to twenty polymorphonuclear cells per hpf in intraoperative frozen section with clear appearance of the tissues in the operative field.

Bojesodok-eum, a Herbal Prescription, Ameliorates Acute Inflammation in Association with the Inhibition of NF-κB-Mediated Nitric Oxide and ProInflammatory Cytokine Production.

Bojesodok-eum (BSE) is a herbal prescription consisting of Coptidis Rhizoma and Scutellariae Radix as main components. This paper investigated the effects of BSE on the induction of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and proinflammatory cytokines that are caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in murine macrophage cell line and on the paw edema formation in animals. Administration of BSE (0.

Morphologic changes in fresh-frozen meniscus allografts over 1 year: a prospective magnetic resonance imaging study on the width and thickness of transplants.

Background: Little is known about morphologic changes in the remodeling period after human meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT).

Hypothesis: The gross structure of meniscal transplants may be altered significantly in width and thickness during early remodeling periods.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Ultrahigh-density array of silver nanoclusters for SERS substrate with high sensitivity and excellent reproducibility.

We introduce a simple but robust method to fabricate an ultrahigh-density array of silver nanoclusters for a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate with high sensitivity and excellent reproducibility at a very large area (wafer scale) based on polystyrene-block-poly(4-vinylpyridine) copolymer (PS-b-P4VP) micelles. After silver nitrates were incorporated into the micelle cores (P4VP) followed by the reduction to silver nanoclusters, we systematically controlled the gap distance between two neighboring silver nanoclusters ranging from 8 to 61 nm, while the diameter of each silver nanocluster was kept nearly constant (~25 nm). To make a silver nanocluster array with a gap distance of 8 nm, the use of crew-cut-type micelles is required.

Analysis of the rocuronium-vecuronium interaction on tetanic fade based on a generalized response surface model with varying relative potencies.

Background: Some studies have shown that rocuronium and vecuronium have additive, or synergistic effects on muscle relaxation based on the Loewe additivity. Therefore, we performed a fit of tetanic fade data to a generalized response surface model with varying relative potencies proposed by Kong and Lee (KLGRS) to evaluate the usefulness of KLGRS for capturing the interspersed drug interactions and to characterize the interaction between the two drugs.

Methods: Left phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragms (Male Sprague-Dawley rats, 150-250 g) were mounted in Krebs solution.