Screening Germplasms and Detecting Quantitative Trait Loci for High Sucrose Content in Soybean.

Sucrose is a desirable component of processed soybean foods and animal feed, and thus, its content is used as an important characteristic for assessing the quality of soybean seeds. However, few studies have focused on the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with sucrose regulation in soybean seeds. This study aims to measure the sucrose content of 1014 soybean accessions and identify genes related to high sucrose levels using QTL analysis.

Phase 1 study of CAR-37 T cells in patients with relapsed or refractory CD37+ lymphoid malignancies.

We report a first-in-human clinical trial using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD37, an antigen highly expressed in B- and T-cell malignancies. Five patients with relapsed or refractory CD37+ lymphoid malignancies were enrolled and infused with autologous CAR-37 T cells. CAR-37 T cells expanded in the peripheral blood of all patients and, at peak, comprised >94% of the total lymphocytes in 4 of 5 patients.

The distance of insertion points from wound margins in interrupted and vertical mattress sutures influences the tensile load capacity: An in vitro experimental study.

Aim: To determine the tensile load capacity (TLC) and the tearing characteristics for interrupted and vertical mattress sutures with different insertion points from the wound margin, and the effect of the bite size when using vertical mattress sutures.

Materials And Methods: A total of 120 gingiva and lining mucosa samples obtained from pig jaws were divided into groups according to the suturing technique (interrupted and vertical mattress sutures), distance of the insertion points from the wound margin (margin, 1, 3, and 5 mm) and bite size (1, 3, and 5 mm). The TLC of the suture and the tearing characteristics were evaluated using a tensile tester device.

Optimization of a flow cytometry test for routine monitoring of B cell maturation antigen targeted CAR in peripheral blood.

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cell therapies targeting BCMA have displayed impressive activity in the treatment of multiple myeloma. There are currently two FDA licensed products, ciltacabtagene autoleucel and idecabtagene vicleucel, for treating relapsed and refractory disease. Although correlative analyses performed by product manufacturers have been reported in clinical trials, there are limited options for reliable BCMA CAR T detection assays for physicians and researchers looking to explore it as a biomarker for clinical outcome.

Transcriptome Profiling of a Soybean Mutant with Salt Tolerance Induced by Gamma-ray Irradiation.

Salt stress is a significant abiotic stress that reduces crop yield and quality globally. In this study, we utilized RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to salt stress induced by gamma-ray irradiation in a salt-tolerant soybean mutant. The total RNA library samples were obtained from the salt-sensitive soybean cultivar Kwangan and the salt-tolerant mutant KA-1285.

Anti-TACI single and dual-targeting CAR T cells overcome BCMA antigen loss in multiple myeloma.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T cells directed to B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) mediate profound responses in patients with multiple myeloma, but most patients do not achieve long-term complete remissions. In addition, recent evidence suggests that high-affinity binding to BCMA can result in on-target, off-tumor activity in the basal ganglia and can lead to fatal Parkinsonian-like disease. Here we develop CAR T cells against multiple myeloma using a binder to targeting transmembrane activator and CAML interactor (TACI) in mono and dual-specific formats with anti-BCMA.

Chemotherapy-induced reversal of ciltacabtagene autoleucel-associated movement and neurocognitive toxicity.

In 2 complementary Letters to Blood, Karschnia et al and Graham et al provide new insights into the neurological toxicities that are observed with B-cell maturation antigen–directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell treatment for multiple myeloma, identifying a frequency of immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) that exceeds 40%. Severe ICANS is identified in 8% of patients in this real-world series. Outcomes were generally favorable, although the authors describe rare, late Parkinsonism-like hypokinetic movement disorders (also known as movement and neurocognitive toxicities) post-ICANS in 2 patients.

Immunogenetic Metabolomics Reveals Key Enzymes That Modulate CAR T-cell Metabolism and Function.

Immune evasion is a critical step of cancer progression that remains a major obstacle for current T cell-based immunotherapies. Hence, we investigated whether it is possible to genetically reprogram T cells to exploit a common tumor-intrinsic evasion mechanism whereby cancer cells suppress T-cell function by generating a metabolically unfavorable tumor microenvironment (TME). In an in silico screen, we identified ADA and PDK1 as metabolic regulators.

Genetic Clarification of Strains Bred and Cultivated in Korea Using the ITS and IGS1 rDNA Region Sequences.

is one of the broadly cultivated edible mushrooms in Korea. Most of the Korean strains used for cultivation and breeding are known as . Recently, this species has been reported to belong to a species complex.

Immunogenetic metabolomics revealed key enzymes that modulate CAR-T metabolism and function.

Unlabelled: Immune evasion is a critical step of cancer progression that remains a major obstacle for current T cell-based immunotherapies. Hence, we seek to genetically reprogram T cells to exploit a common tumor-intrinsic evasion mechanism, whereby cancer cells suppress T cell function by generating a metabolically unfavorable tumor microenvironment (TME). Specifically, we use an screen to identify and as metabolic regulators, in which gene overexpression (OE) enhances the cytolysis of CD19-specific CD8 CAR-T cells against cognate leukemia cells, and conversely, or deficiency dampens such effect.

Glymphatic Dysfunction in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease.

Background: We aimed to compare glymphatic dysfunction between patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and healthy controls and analyze the correlation between the glymphatic function and clinical characteristics using the diffusion tensor image analysis along with the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) index.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled neurologically asymptomatic 49 patients with ESRD undergoing dialysis and 38 healthy controls. Diffusion tensor image was conducted using the same 3T scanner, and the DTI-ALPS index was calculated.

Distance of insertion points in a mattress suture from the wound margin for ideal primary closure in alveolar mucosa: an experimental study.

Purpose: This study was conducted to determine how the distance of the near insertion points in a vertical mattress suture from the wound margin influences the pattern of primary closure in an experimental model.

Methods: Pairs of 180 porcine gingival and alveolar mucosa samples were harvested from 90 pig jaws and fixed to a specially designed model. A vertical mattress suture was performed with the near insertion point at 3 different distances from the wound margin (1-, 3-, and 5-mm) on both the gingival and mucosal samples (6 groups; n=30 for each group).

Alveolar ridge regeneration in two-wall-damaged extraction sockets of an in vivo experimental model.

Aim: To determine the healing outcome following grafting with deproteinized porcine bone mineral (DPBM) with or without collagen membrane coverage in two-wall (both buccal and lingual)-damaged extraction sockets.

Materials And Methods: Distal roots of three mandibular premolars in six beagle dogs were extracted, and the whole buccal and lingual bony walls were surgically removed. Three treatment protocols were then applied according to the following group allocation: no graft (None), grafting DPBM (BG), and grafting DPBM with coverage by a collagen membrane (BG + M).

Numerical Study on Alternating Current Breakdown Mechanism Between Sphere-Sphere Electrodes in Transformer Oil-Based Magnetic Nanofluids.

A numerical simulation was developed for magnetic nanoparticles in a liquid dielectric to investigate the AC breakdown voltage of the magnetic nanofluids according to the volume concentration of the magnetic nanoparticles. In prior research, we found that the dielectric breakdown voltage of the transformer oil-based magnetic nanofluids was positively or negatively affected according to the amount of magnetic nanoparticles under a testing condition of dielectric fluids, and the trajectory of the magnetic nanoparticles in a fabricated chip was visualized to verify the related phenomena via measurements and computations. In this study, a numerical simulation of magnetic nanoparticles in an insulating fluid was developed to model particle tracing for AC breakdown mechanisms happened to a sphere-sphere electrode configuration and to propose a possible mechanism regarding the change in the breakdown strength due to the behavior of the magnetic nanoparticles with different applied voltages.

Interaction Model Between an Electrical Arc and a Material for Arc Discharge Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles.

Metal nanoparticles are used in applications ranging from bio-diagnostics to catalysis due to the expectation to improve attributes or the performance of specific products or processes. The electric arc can be used to produce metal nanoparticles by evaporating the anode and forming the anode vapor. In order to synthesize the nanoparticles of the desired properties, the influence of various input parameters on the growth kinetics has to be fully understood.

Numerical Simulation on the Induced Voltage Across the Coil Terminal by the Segmented Flow of Ferrofluid and Air-Layer.

Nanoparticles and nanofluids have been implemented in energy harvesting devices, and energy harvesting based on magnetic nanofluid flow was recently achieved by using a layer-built magnet and microbubble injection to induce a voltage on the order of 10-1 mV. However, this is not yet suitable for some commercial purpose. The air bubbles must be segmented in the base fluid, and the magnetic flux of the ferrofluids should change over time to increase the amount of electric voltage and current from energy harvesting.

Feasibility Study on a Segmented Ferrofluid Flow Linear Generator for Increasing the Time-Varying Magnetic Flux.

Nanoparticles and nanofluids have been implemented in energy harvesting devices, and energy harvesting based on magnetic nanofluid flow was recently achieved by using a layer-built magnet and micro-bubble injection to induce a voltage on the order of 10-1 mV. However, this is not yet suitable for some commercial purpose. In order to further increase the amount of electric voltage and current from this energy harvesting the air bubbles must be segmented in the base fluid, and the magnetic flux of the segmented flow should be materially altered over time.

Atomic-layer-deposition-assisted ZnO nanoparticles for oxide charge-trap memory thin-film transistors.

ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) with monolayer structures were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) to use for a charge-trap layer (CTL) for nonvolatile memory thin-film transistors (MTFTs). The optimum ALD temperature of the NP formation was demonstrated to be 160 °C. The size and areal density of the ZnO NPs was estimated to be approximately 33 nm and 4.

Genotoxicity testing of Persicariae Rhizoma ( H. Gross) aqueous extracts.

Persicariae Rhizoma (PR) has been used as an anti-inflammatory and detoxification agent in Korea, and contains the biologically active dyes purple indirubin and blue indigo. Despite synthetic indigo showing genotoxic potential, thorough studies have not been carried out on the genotoxicity of PR. The potential genotoxicity of an aqueous extract of PR containing indigo (0.

Comparison of serum biomarkers between patients with asthma and with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have distinct pathophysiological mechanisms but sometimes share similar clinical manifestations. Distinguishing between these diseases is important. This study compared the profiles of serum biomarkers between patients with asthma and those with COPD.

Temperature Prediction in a Free-Burning Arc and Electrodes for Nanostructured Materials and Systems.

Temperature in a free-burning arc used for synthesis of nanoparticles and nanostructured materials is generally around 20,000 K just below the cathode, falling to about 15,000 K just above the anode, and decreasing rapidly in the radial direction. Therefore, the electrode erosion is indispensable for these atmospheric plasma systems, as well as for switching devices, due to the high heat flux transferred from high temperature arcs to electrodes, but experimental and theoretical works have not identified the characteristic phenomena because of the complex physical processes. To the previous study, we have focused on the arc self-induced fluid flow in a free-burning arc using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technique.

Rapid immuno-analytical system physically integrated with lens-free CMOS image sensor for food-borne pathogens.

To realize an inexpensive, pocket-sized immunosensor system, a rapid test devise based on cross-flow immuno-chromatography was physically combined with a lens-free CMOS image sensor (CIS), which was then applied to the detection of the food-borne pathogen, Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). Two CISs, each retaining 1.

Single oral dose toxicity test of platycodin d, a saponin from platycodin radix in mice.

The object of this study was to evaluate the single oral dose toxicity of platycodin D, a saponin from the root of Platycodon grandiflorum in male and female mice. Platycodin D was administered to female and male mice as an oral dose of 2000, 1000, 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg (body wt.).

Crystal structure of bifunctional 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase from Thermoplasma acidophilum.

Folate co-enzymes play a pivotal role in one-carbon transfer cellular processes. Many eukaryotes encode the tri-functional tetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase/synthetase (deh/cyc/syn) enzyme, which consists of a N-terminal bifunctional domain (deh/cyc) and a C-terminal monofunctional domain (syn). Here, we report the first analogous archeal enzyme structures, for the bifunctional methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase from Thermoplasma acidophilum (TaMTHFDC) as the native protein and also as its NADP complex.