3,6-Anhydro-L-galactose suppresses mouse lymphocyte proliferation by attenuating JAK-STAT growth factor signal transduction and G-S cell cycle progression.

Recombinant GH16B β-agarase-catalyzed liquefaction of 5-7 %(w/v) melted agarose at 50 °C completely hydrolyzed agarose into neoagarohexaose (NA6) and neoagarotetraose (NA4). Subsequent saccharification by recombinant GH50A β-agarase or recombinant GH50A β-agarase/recombinant GH117A α-neoagarobiose hydrolase at 35 °C converted NA6/NA4 into neoagarobiose (NA2) or 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose (L-AHG)/D-galactose, respectively. Purification of NA6/NA4 and NA2 was achieved by Sephadex G-15 column chromatography, while L-AHG was purified by Sephadex G-10, achieving ≥ 98 % purity.

Protective effect of Korean red ginseng water extract on levothyroxine-induced hyperthyroidism and propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism in rats.

Background: Korean red ginseng extract (KRGE) (Family: Araliaceae) is one of the most widely used traditional herbs in Asia. Multiple studies have shown that KRGE has anti-inflammation, anti-fatigue, anti-obesity, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups for PTU-induced hypothyroidism and six groups for LT4-induced hyperthyroidism.

Therapeutic effect of Lecomte ethanol extract (Nk-EE) on androgenic alopecia through the inhibition of apoptosis and 5α-reductase activity.

There is increasing interest in hair loss treatment because a growing number of people affected. Lecomte is known for its anticancer effects, but its potential for preventing hair loss has not been researched. Therefore, this study focused on the hair loss prevention effects of Lecomte ethanol extract (Nk-EE).

The relative importance of servicescape in fitness center for facility improvement.

The purpose of study was to examine the relative importance of servicescape, identify the optimal combination, and predict the market share in fitness centers. We conducted a conjoint analysis on users of fitness centers located in Seoul. As a primary result, it was found that the spatial layout, particularly 'sufficient exercise space', was considered most important.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Sprague by Targeting Syk Kinase in NF-κB Signaling.

Inflammation is a protective mechanism against harmful stimuli. There are two types of inflammation, acute and chronic, and severe diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer can be caused by chronic inflammation. Therefore, this research was conducted to discover new anti-inflammatory drugs.

Extracellular production of a thermostable Cellvibrio endolytic β-agarase in Escherichia coli for agarose liquefaction.

Four GH16 family β-agarases (GH16A, GH16B, GH16C, and GH16D), originated from an agarolytic bacterium Cellvibrio sp. KY-GH-1, were expressed in an Escherichia coli system and their activities were compared. Only GH16B (597 amino acids, 63.

Ginsenosides from as Key Modulators of NF-κB Signaling Are Powerful Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Agents.

Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways progress inflammation and immune cell differentiation in the host immune response; however, the uncontrollable stimulation of NF-κB signaling is responsible for several inflammatory illnesses regardless of whether the conditions are acute or chronic. Innate immune cells, such as macrophages, microglia, and Kupffer cells, secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, via the activation of NF-κB subunits, which may lead to the damage of normal cells, including neurons, cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, and alveolar cells. This results in the occurrence of neurodegenerative disorders, cardiac infarction, or liver injury, which may eventually lead to systemic inflammation or cancer.

The Preventive Effect of Specific Collagen Peptides against Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy in Mice.

Muscle atrophy, also known as muscle wasting, is the thinning of muscle mass due to muscle disuse, aging, or diseases such as cancer or neurological problems. Muscle atrophy is closely related to the quality of life and has high morbidity and mortality. However, therapeutic options for muscle atrophy are limited, so studies to develop therapeutic agents for muscle loss are always required.

Prognostic Impact of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Heavily Calcified Coronary Artery Disease Receiving Rotational Atherectomy.

Background: Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) occurs more frequently in patients with heavily calcified lesion and undergoing rotational atherectomy (RA). However, there are limited studies addressing prognostic impact of PMI in patients requiring RA due to severe coronary artery calcification (CAC). Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the prognostic impact of PMI in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using RA.

Anti-Melanogenesis Effects of a Cyclic Peptide Derived from Flaxseed via Inhibition of CREB Pathway.

Linosorbs (Los) are cyclic peptides from flaxseed oil composed of the LO mixture (LOMIX). The activity of LO has been reported as being anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory. However, the study of skin protection has still not proceeded.

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-Menopausal, and Anti-Cancer Effects of Lignans and Their Metabolites.

Since chronic inflammation can be seen in severe, long-lasting diseases such as cancer, there is a high demand for effective methods to modulate inflammatory responses. Among many therapeutic candidates, lignans, absorbed from various plant sources, represent a type of phytoestrogen classified into secoisolariciresionol (Seco), pinoresinol (Pino), matairesinol (Mat), medioresinol (Med), sesamin (Ses), syringaresinol (Syr), and lariciresinol (Lari). Lignans consumed by humans can be further modified into END or ENL by the activities of gut microbiota.

Clinical Outcomes of Biodegradable versus Durable Polymer Drug Eluting Stents in Rotational Atherectomy: Results from ROCK Registry.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes of biodegradable polymer (BP) versus durable polymer (DP) drug eluting stents (DES) in patients with calcified coronary lesions who underwent rotational atherectomy (RA) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).

Methods: This study was based on a multicenter registry which enrolled patients with calcified coronary artery disease who received PCI using RA during between January 2010 and October 2019 from 9 tertiary centers in Korea. The primary outcome was 3-year all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes were cardiovascular death and target-lesion failure.

Impact of diabetes mellitus on periprocedural and 18-month clinical outcomes in Korean patients requiring rotational atherectomy: results from the ROCK Registry.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (diabetes) increases the risk of severe coronary artery calcification, which increases the complexity of percutaneous coronary intervention requiring rotational atherectomy (RA) by interfering with lesion preparation, and limiting final stent expansion.

Objective: Investigate 30-day and 18-month clinical outcomes in patients with and without diabetes treated with percutaneous coronary intervention requiring RA.

Design: Medical record review SETTING: Multicenter registry in South Korea PATIENTS AND METHODS: The ROtational atherectomy in Calcified lesions in Korea (ROCK) registry was a large, retrospective, multicenter study to assess RA treatment of severe coronary artery calcification.

Jack Exerts Anti-Alopecia Effects by Targeting 5α-Reductase Activity and an Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway.

There is a growing demand for hair loss treatments with minimal side effects and recurrence potential. Jack has been used as a folk medicine for fever in tropical regions, but its anti-alopecia effects remain unclear. In this study, the anti-androgenic alopecia effect of an ethanol extract of Jack (Cs-EE) was demonstrated in a testosterone-induced androgenic alopecia (AGA) model, in terms of the hair-skin ratio, hair type frequency, and hair thickness.

Novel BiVO-nanosheet-supported MoS-nanoflake-heterostructure with synergistic enhanced photocatalytic removal of tetracycline under visible light irradiation.

This paper describes a simple in-situ hydrothermal technique for the production of BiVO/MoS binary nanocomposites as visible-light-driven catalysts. The as-prepared samples were analyzed by structural, morphological, compositional, optical, surface area, and photocurrent analyses. The lattice fringe spaces at 0.

de Vriese Ameliorates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Src Inhibition.

Growing demand for treatment options against acute lung injury (ALI) emphasizes studies on plant extracts harboring anti-inflammatory effects. According to GC-MS analysis, de Vriese consists of various flavonoids with anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, in this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of an extract of de Vriese (Ac-EE) were assessed using RAW264.

Expression profile of CD98 heavy chain and L-type amino acid transporter 1 and its prognostic significance in colorectal cancer.

L-type amino acid transporter (LAT1) is a neutral amino acid transporter, forming a heterodimer complex with the CD98 heavy chain (CD98hc). In this study, we studied the expression profiles of LAT1 and CD98hc in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor lesions. Transcription levels of CD98hc and LAT1 were significantly increased in CRC compared to the matched normal mucosa.

Effect of smoking on clinical outcomes in patients receiving rotational atherectomy in calcified coronary lesions: from the ROCK Registry, South Korea.

Background: Tobacco smoking and its harmful health effects also increase economic burdens globally. Surprisingly, despite the detrimental health consequences of smoking, some studies have shown better survival among smokers compared with non-smokers, a phenomenon called "smoker's paradox". However, the impact of smoking status on clinical outcomes in severe calcified coronary artery disease (CAD) patients has yet to be reported.

Impact of chronic outward force on arterial responses of proximal and distal of long superficial femoral artery stent.

Background: Self-expanding nitinol stent (SENS) implantation is commonly oversized in the superficial femoral artery (SFA), and leads to chronic outward force (COF) and in-stent restenosis (ISR). This study aimed to investigate the impact of COF of oversizing SENS on ISR of SFA.

Methods: In patients with implanted SENS in SFA, intimal hyperplasia especially between proximal segment and distal segment was evaluated by quantitative angiography, and the impact of COF on mid-term angiographic outcomes was investigated.

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Chronic Total Occlusion in Single Coronary Arteries.

We retrospectively compared the results of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and optimal medical therapy (OMT) for chronic total occlusion (CTO) in single coronary arteries to determine whether outcomes depend on the artery involved. From January 2004 through November 2015, a total of 731 patients were treated at our center for CTO in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) (234 patients, 32%), left circumflex coronary artery (LCx) (184, 25.2%), or right coronary artery (RCA) (313, 42.

Enzymatic characterization of a novel recombinant 1,3-α-3,6-anhydro-L-galactosidase specific for neoagarobiose hydrolysis into monosaccharides.

Two GH117 family α-neoagarobiose hydrolases (GH117A α-NABH and GH117B α-NABH) from the freshwater agar-degrading Cellvibrio sp. KY-GH-1 were expressed and purified as recombinant His-tagged proteins using an Escherichia coli expression system to compare activities. The amino acid sequence of GH117A α-NABH (364 amino acids, 40.

Impact of chronic total occlusion lesions on clinical outcomes in patients receiving rotational atherectomy: results from the ROCK registry.

The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of chronic total occlusion (CTO) on clinical outcomes in patients with calcified coronary lesions receiving rotational atherectomy (RA). This multi-center registry enrolled consecutive patients with calcified coronary artery disease who underwent RA during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from 9 tertiary centers in Korea between January 2010 and October 2019. The primary outcome was target-vessel failure (TVF) which included the composite of cardiac death, target-vessel myocardial infarction (TVMI), and target-vessel revascularization (TVR).

Multicenter Analysis of Clinical Features and Prognosis of COVID-19 Patients with Hepatic Impairment.

Background/aims: Recent data indicate the presence of liver enzyme abnormalities in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment outcomes of COVID-19 patients with abnormal liver enzymes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective, multicenter study of 874 COVID-19 patients admitted to five tertiary hospitals from February 20 to April 14, 2020.

New onset diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular events in Korean patients with acute myocardial infarction receiving high-intensity statins.

Background: High-intensity statin therapy is typically used in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) for secondary prevention. However, there have been consistent concerns regarding its association with diabetes mellitus. We investigated the effect of high-intensity atorvastatin and rosuvastatin on new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) and cardiovascular outcomes over a 3-year follow-up period.