Molecular analysis of sugar transporters and glycolysis pathways in Ettlia sp. under heterotrophy using fructose and glucose.

Fructophilic behavior in microalgae is a rare trait that could benefit biorefineries by enabling substitution of carbon source with fructose, and our previous study identified that Ettlia sp. prefers fructose relative to glucose. In this study, by analyzing the transcription levels of genes related to sugar transport and the glycolysis pathway, the fructose utilization of Ettlia sp.

Enhancement of Lipid Production under Heterotrophic Conditions by Overexpression of an Endogenous bZIP Transcription Factor in sp. HS2.

Transcription factor engineering to regulate multiple genes has shown promise in the field of microalgae genetic engineering. Here, we report the first use of transcription factor engineering in sp. HS2, thought to have potential for producing biofuels and bioproducts.

Growth medium sterilization using decomposition of peracetic acid for more cost-efficient production of omega-3 fatty acids by Aurantiochytrium.

Aurantiochytrium can produce significant amounts of omega-3 fatty acids, specifically docosahexaenoic acid and docosapentaenoic acid. Use of a glucose-based medium for heterotrophic growth is needed to achieve a high growth rate and production of abundant lipids. However, heat sterilization for reliable cultivation is not appropriate to heat-sensitive materials and causes a conversion of glucose via browning (Maillard) reactions.

Complementation of a mutation in CpSRP43 causing partial truncation of light-harvesting chlorophyll antenna in Chlorella vulgaris.

Photosynthesis of microalgae enables conversion of light energy into chemical energy to produce biomass and biomaterials. However, the efficiency of this process must be enhanced, and truncation of light-harvesting complex (LHC) has been suggested to improve photosynthetic efficiency. We reported an EMS-induced mutant (E5) showing partially reduced LHC in Chlorella vulgaris.

CRISPR/Cas9-induced knockout and knock-in mutations in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Genome editing is crucial for genetic engineering of organisms for improved traits, particularly in microalgae due to the urgent necessity for the next generation biofuel production. The most advanced CRISPR/Cas9 system is simple, efficient and accurate in some organisms; however, it has proven extremely difficult in microalgae including the model alga Chlamydomonas. We solved this problem by delivering Cas9 ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) comprising the Cas9 protein and sgRNAs to avoid cytotoxicity and off-targeting associated with vector-driven expression of Cas9.

Use of a triiodide resin for isolation of axenic cultures of microalgal Nannochloropsis gaditana.

Triiodide resin (TR) was used to generate axenic cultures of microalgae by employing the antibacterial capability of triiodide. A Nannochloropsis gaditana culture contaminated with bacteria was passed through a column filled with TR using the gravity flow. Based on analyses of flow cytometry and vital staining using a fluorescent dye SYTOX Green, three cycles of TR treatments remarkably reduced the number of viable bacteria but had little effects on the microalgae.

Optimization of variables affecting the direct transesterification of wet biomass from Nannochloropsis oceanica using ionic liquid as a co-solvent.

Ionic liquids have many applications, one of which entails their utilization as powerful solvents. In the present study, various experimental conditions of ionic liquid-mediated direct transesterification were investigated in terms of lipid-extracting ionic liquids, catalyst, reaction time, reaction temperature and volume of methanol to achieve effective FAME conversion with wet microalgal feedstock, Nannochloropsis oceanica. With ionic liquid, [Bmim][CF3SO3], highest fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield was shown.

Cultivation of Chlorella protothecoides in anaerobically treated brewery wastewater for cost-effective biodiesel production.

The use of wastewater has been investigated to overcome the economic challenge involved with a production of microalgae-based biodiesel. In this study, to achieve economical biodiesel production along with effective wastewater treatment at the same time, anaerobically treated brewery wastewater (ABWW) was utilized as a low-cost nutrient source, in the cultivation of Chlorella protothecoides. About 96 and 90 % of total nitrogen and phosphorus in ABWW were removed, respectively, while C.

Utilization of seawater for cost-effective cultivation and harvesting of Scenedesmus obliquus.

Microalgae hold great promise as a source of biofuels and biochemicals. The main obstacles to their industrial application are the high cultivation and downstream costs related to media and harvesting. In the work, we explored the multiple potentials of seawater to address key issues relating to the cultivation of Scenedesmus obliquus.

The control of invasive Candida infection in very low birth weight infants by reduction in the use of 3rd generation cephalosporin.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of new management policies on the incidence of invasive Candida infections.

Methods: This observational study involved a retrospective analysis of the patients' medical records. In total, 99 very low birth weight infants, who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit at Ajou University Hospital from January 2010 to December 2011, were enrolled for the study.