The impact of depression on risk of malignant glioma: A nationwide cohort study.

Background: Malignant glioma (MG) is a malignant brain tumor with a fatal prognosis. Depression is on the rise in society, and its negative association on prognosis of glioma patients is known. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between depression and MG risk by analyzing data from the Korean National Health Insurance System (NHIS).

Effects of an Infection Control Protocol for Coronavirus Disease in Emergency Mechanical Thrombectomy.

Objective: Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, neurointerventionists have been increasingly concerned regarding the prevention of infection and time delay in performing emergency thrombectomy procedures in patients with acute stroke. This study aimed to analyze the effects of changes in mechanical thrombectomy protocol before and after the COVID-19 pandemic on procedure time and patient outcomes and to identify factors that significantly impact procedure time.

Methods: The last-normal-to-door, first-abnormal-to-door, door-to-imaging, door-to-puncture, and puncture-to-recanalization times of 88 patients (45 treated with conventional pre-COVID-19 protocol and 43 with COVID-19 protection protocol) were retrospectively analyzed.

Clinical Significance of Decompressive Craniectomy Surface Area and Side.

Objective: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) can partially remove the unyielding skull vault and make affordable space for the expansion of swelling brain contents. The objective of this study was to compare clinical outcome according to DC surface area (DC area) and side.

Methods: A total of 324 patients underwent different surgical methods (unilateral DC, 212 cases and bilateral DC, 112 cases) were included in this retrospective analysis.

Proper Management of Posttraumatic Tension Pneumocephalus.

Pneumocephalus is commonly seen after craniofacial injury. The pathogenesis of pneumocephalus has been debated as to whether it was caused by ball valve effect or combined episodic increased pressure within the nasopharynx on coughing. Discontinuous exchange of air and cerebrospinal fluid due to "inverted bottle" effect is assumed to be the cause of it.

Brain Metastases of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Horner's Syndrome.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid malignancy and has relatively favorable prognosis. Blood-borne metastases of PTC are very rare among the thyroid malignancies. Moreover a case of blood-borne central nervous system metastasized PTC with only unilateral Horner's syndrome, and without any abnormalities in laboratory or physical examinations has not been described before.

Hinge Fracture during Cervical Open-door Laminoplasty: Does it Affect Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the status of the hinge gutter affected clinical and radiographic outcomes of cervical open door laminoplasty.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 43 patients who had undergone cervical open door laminoplasty. 23 CT scans were performed at 2 days post-operation.

Giant anterior cervical osteophyte leading to Dysphagia.

Large anterior cervical osteophytes can occur in degeneration of the cervical spine or in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis(DISH). Large osteophytes can produce otolaryngological symptoms such as dysphagia, dysphonia, and foreign body sensation. We describe a DISH patient with giant anterior cervical osteophyte causing chronic dysphagia and dysphonia.

Prevalence and epidemiological features of moyamoya disease in Korea.

Objective: The objectives of the present study were to investigate the annual detection rate of patients with Moyamoya disease (MMD) and to describe the prevalence and epidemiological features of the Moyamoya patients in Korea.

Materials And Methods: The authors analyzed the epidemiological data of Korean patients taken from the National Health Insurance Corporation in Korea among Moyamoya patients who were treated from 2004 until 2008.

Results: Based on 2004 data, 2,539 MMD patients were treated in Korea and the prevalence rate was 5.

The clinical efficacy of repeat brain computed tomography in patients with traumatic intracranial haemorrhage within 24 hours after blunt head injury.

This study was performed to determine the usefulness of repeated brain computed tomography (CT) within 24 hours of blunt head trauma in patients with traumatic intracranial haemorrhages (ICH) and who were initially treated nonsurgically. Factors associated with the worsening of lesions on repeat CT were evaluated. Medical records of all blunt head trauma patients with traumatic ICH admitted to our hospital from January 2003 to December 2006 were retrospectively reviewed.

Stereotactic Radiosurgery with the CyberKnife for Pituitary Adenomas.

Objective: In recent years, CyberKnife has emerged as an important treatment modality in the management of pituitary adenomas. Treatment results after performing CyberKnife and the complications of this procedure are reviewed.

Methods: Twenty-six patients with pituitary adenomas received stereotactic radiosurgery with the CyberKnife (CKRS).

Prognostic value of intra-operative lateral spread response monitoring during microvascular decompression in patients with hemifacial spasm.

Hemifacial spasm (HFS) has characteristic and specific electrophysiological features, primarily the lateral spread response (LSR). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between changes in the lateral spread response during microvascular decompression (MVD) and the clinical outcome after MVD. Seventy-two patients with HFS who were treated with MVD were included in this study.

Delayed diagnosis, due to the associated radiological abnormalities, of spontaneous intracranial hypotension caused by cerebrospinal fluid leakage at C1-2.

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is an uncommon clinical entity that is often diagnosed after a delay, or it is misdiagnosed due to the variety of clinical presentations and the associated radiological findings. We present here a case of SIH associated with chronic subdural haematoma (SDH) and subarachnoid haemorrhage. Following the diagnosis of the SIH, the patient underwent injection of an epidural blood patch for the SIH and burr hole trephination was done for treating the chronic subdural haematoma.

Peritumoral brain edema in meningiomas: correlations between magnetic resonance imaging, angiography, and pathology.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiologic characteristics and pathology related to the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas.

Methods: Seventy-nine patients with meningioma were examined by MRI and cerebral angiography. The predictive factors possibly related to peritumoral edema, such as patient age, sex, tumor location, tumor size, peritumoral rim (CSF cleft), shape of tumor margin, signal intensity of tumor in T2WI, pial blood supply, and pathology, were evaluated.