Piloting a minimum data set for older people living in care homes in England: a developmental study.

Background: We developed a prototype minimum data set (MDS) for English care homes, assessing feasibility of extracting data directly from digital care records (DCRs) with linkage to health and social care data.

Methods: Through stakeholder development workshops, literature reviews, surveys and public consultation, we developed an aspirational MDS. We identified ways to extract this from existing sources, including DCRs and routine health and social care datasets.

The tomato gene Ty-6, encoding DNA polymerase delta subunit 1, confers broad resistance to Geminiviruses.

The tomato Ty-6 gene conferring resistance against begomoviruses has been cloned and shown to be a variant of DNA polymerase delta subunit 1. Ty-6 is a major resistance gene of tomato that provides resistance against monopartite and bipartite begomoviruses. The locus was previously mapped on chromosome 10, and in this study, we fine-mapped Ty-6 to a region of 47 kb, including four annotated candidate genes.

FAST-EM array tomography: a workflow for multibeam volume electron microscopy.

Elucidating the 3D nanoscale structure of tissues and cells is essential for understanding the complexity of biological processes. Electron microscopy (EM) offers the resolution needed for reliable interpretation, but the limited throughput of electron microscopes has hindered its ability to effectively image large volumes. We report a workflow for volume EM with FAST-EM, a novel multibeam scanning transmission electron microscope that speeds up acquisition by scanning the sample in parallel with 64 electron beams.

Are Written Syntax Features Related to Writing Quality? An Examination of Spanish and English Compositions by Bilingual Children.

Purpose: There is limited research on the writing of young Spanish-English bilinguals and their writing in both languages. In the current study, we addressed whether written syntax features differed by language (English and Spanish) and varied as a function of grade level, English learner status, and instructional program (dual or English immersion). We also examined whether Spanish and English syntax features were related cross-linguistically and related to writing quality within languages and whether these relations to writing quality were moderated by grade level, English learner status, and instructional program.

Synergistic antifungal effects of the preservative ammonium propionate and medium chain fatty acids against dormant and germinating conidia, germ tubes and hyphae of Aspergillus chevalieri, a feed spoilage fungus.

In feed, propionic acid is the weak organic acid of choice to prevent growth of spoilage fungi. For safe and easy industrial handling this antifungal agent is applied in the presence of neutralizing ammonium, which however has the disadvantage to negatively affect the efficacy of fungus-inhibiting properties of the formulation. In the present study we investigated the impact of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) on the antifungal efficacy of an ammonium propionate formulation on dormant- and germinating conidia as well as germ tubes and hyphae of Aspergillus chevalieri, a xerophilic fungus predominant on moulded feed.

Genetics of preschool wheeze and its progression to childhood asthma.

Wheezing is a common and heterogeneous condition in preschool children. In some countries, the prevalence can be as high as 30% and up to 50% of all children experience wheezing before the age of 6. Asthma often starts with preschool wheeze, but not all wheezing children will develop asthma at school age.

DWORF Extends Life Span in a PLN-R14del Cardiomyopathy Mouse Model by Reducing Abnormal Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Clusters.

Background: The p.Arg14del variant of the (phospholamban) gene causes cardiomyopathy, leading to severe heart failure. Calcium handling defects and perinuclear PLN aggregation have both been suggested as pathological drivers of this disease.

A Kinase Interacting Protein 1 regulates mitochondrial protein levels in energy metabolism and promotes mitochondrial turnover after exercise.

A Kinase Interacting Protein 1 (AKIP1) is a signalling adaptor that promotes mitochondrial respiration and attenuates mitochondrial oxidative stress in cultured cardiomyocytes. We sought to determine whether AKIP1 influences mitochondrial function and the mitochondrial adaptation in response to exercise in vivo. We assessed mitochondrial respiratory capacity, as well as electron microscopy and mitochondrial targeted-proteomics in hearts from mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of AKIP1 (AKIP1-TG) and their wild type (WT) littermates.

[Consensus recommendations on regional interdisciplinary standardization of MRI diagnostics for multiple sclerosis in the metropolitan area of Essen].

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is of exceptional importance in the diagnostics and monitoring of multiple sclerosis (MS); however, a close interdisciplinary cooperation between neurologists in private practice, (neuro)radiological practices, hospitals or specialized MS centers is only rarely established. In particular, there is a lack of standardized MRI protocols for image acquisition as well as established quality parameters, which guarantee the comparability of MRI records; however, this is a fundamental prerequisite for an effective application of MRI in the treatment of MS patients, e.g.

Neuromelanin related ultra-high field signal intensity of the locus coeruleus differs between Parkinson's disease and controls.

Introduction: Neuromelanin related signal changes in catecholaminergic nuclei are considered as a promising MRI biomarker in Parkinson's disease (PD). Until now, most studies have investigated the substantia nigra (SN), while signal changes might be more prominent in the locus coeruleus (LC). Ultra-high field MRI improves the visualisation of these small brainstem regions and might support the development of imaging biomarkers in PD.

Deletion of SERF2 in mice delays embryonic development and alters amyloid deposit structure in the brain.

In age-related neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, disease-specific proteins become aggregation-prone and form amyloid-like deposits. Depletion of SERF proteins ameliorates this toxic process in worm and human cell models for diseases. Whether SERF modifies amyloid pathology in mammalian brain, however, has remained unknown.

is required for resistance against in Arabidopsis accession Bla-6.

To explore specific components of resistance against the tomato-adapted powdery mildew pathogen () in the model plant Arabidopsis, we performed a disease assay in 123 accessions. When testing the resistance in the F from crossings between resistant accessions with susceptible Col-0 or Sha, only the progeny of the cross between accession Bla-6 and Col-0 displayed a completely resistant phenotype. The resistance in Bla-6 is known to be specific for .

mScarlet3: a brilliant and fast-maturing red fluorescent protein.

We report the evolution of mScarlet3, a cysteine-free monomeric red fluorescent protein with fast and complete maturation, as well as record brightness, quantum yield (75%) and fluorescence lifetime (4.0 ns). The mScarlet3 crystal structure reveals a barrel rigidified at one of its heads by a large hydrophobic patch of internal residues.

A Kinase Interacting Protein 1 (AKIP1) promotes cardiomyocyte elongation and physiological cardiac remodelling.

A Kinase Interacting Protein 1 (AKIP1) is a signalling adaptor that promotes physiological hypertrophy in vitro. The purpose of this study is to determine if AKIP1 promotes physiological cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vivo. Therefore, adult male mice with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of AKIP1 (AKIP1-TG) and wild type (WT) littermates were caged individually for four weeks in the presence or absence of a running wheel.

Presence of immunogenic alternatively spliced insulin gene product in human pancreatic delta cells.

Aims/hypothesis: Transcriptome analyses revealed insulin-gene-derived transcripts in non-beta endocrine islet cells. We studied alternative splicing of human INS mRNA in pancreatic islets.

Methods: Alternative splicing of insulin pre-mRNA was determined by PCR analysis performed on human islet RNA and single-cell RNA-seq analysis.

Piloting of a minimum data set for older people living in care homes in England: protocol for a longitudinal, mixed-methods study.

Introduction: Health and care data are routinely collected about care home residents in England, yet there is no way to collate these data to inform benchmarking and improvement. The Developing research resources And minimum data set for Care Homes' Adoption and use study has developed a prototype minimum data set (MDS) for piloting.

Methods And Analysis: A mixed-methods longitudinal pilot study will be conducted in 60 care homes (approximately 960 residents) in 3 regions of England, using resident data from cloud-based digital care home records at two-time points.

Brain network characteristics and cognitive performance in motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease: A resting state fMRI study.

Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous disorder with great variability in motor and non-motor manifestations. It is hypothesized that different motor subtypes are characterized by different neuropsychiatric and cognitive symptoms, but the underlying correlates in cerebral connectivity remain unknown. Our aim is to compare brain network connectivity between the postural instability and gait disorder (PIGD) and tremor-dominant (TD) subtypes, using both a within- and between-network analysis.

Comparison of Olfactory Tract Diffusion Measures Between Early Stage Parkinson's Disease Patients and Healthy Controls Using Ultra-High Field MRI.

Background: MRI is a valuable method to assist in the diagnostic work-up of Parkinson's disease (PD). The olfactory tract (OT) has been proposed as a potential MRI biomarker for distinguishing PD patients from healthy controls.

Objective: This study aims to further investigate whether diffusion measures of the OT differ between early stage PD patients and healthy controls.

Post-Mortem Analysis of Neuropathological Changes in Human Tinnitus.

Tinnitus is the phantom perception of a sound, often accompanied by increased anxiety and depressive symptoms. Degenerative or inflammatory processes, as well as changes in monoaminergic systems, have been suggested as potential underlying mechanisms. Herein, we conducted the first post-mortem histopathological assessment to reveal detailed structural changes in tinnitus patients' auditory and non-auditory brain regions.

Echocardiographic estimation of pulmonary hypertension in COVID-19 patients.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the cause of a devastating global pandemic and is not likely to be fully resolved in the near future. In most cases COVID-19 presents with mild symptoms, but in a minority of patients respiratory and multi-organ failure may ensue. Previous research has focused on the correlation between COVID-19 and a variety of cardiovascular complications.

Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert in an experimental rat model of dementia: Stimulation parameters and mechanisms.

Background/objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) has gained interest as a potential therapy for treatment-resistant dementia. However, optimal stimulation parameters and mechanisms of action are yet to be elucidated.

Methods: First, we assessed NBM DBS at different stimulation parameters in a scopolamine-induced rat model of dementia.