A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Efficacy of Locally Delivered Adjunctive Curcumin ( L.) in the Treatment of Periodontitis.

This meta-analysis intended to assess evidence on the efficacy of locally delivered curcumin/turmeric as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP), on clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth (PPD), compared to SRP alone or in combination with chlorhexidine (CHX). RCTs were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Library, BASE, LIVIVO, Dentistry Oral Sciences Source, MEDLINE Complete, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov, and eLibrary, until August 2022.

Systematic Review on Saliva Biomarkers in Patients Diagnosed with Morbus Alzheimer and Morbus Parkinson.

Extracellular plaques composed of the hydrophobic peptide amyloid-β and intraneuronal accumulation of the hyperphosphorylated protein tau (p-tau) are pathological hallmarks found in the brains of most people affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). In Parkinson's disease (PD), Lewy bodies, i.e.

[Comparative analysis of methods to stimulate and collect dentinal fluid: a clinical and experimental study].

Objective: The aim - to determine the most effective method of dentinal fluid collection and dentinal fluid flow rate stimulation.

Material And Methods: In a series of dentinal fluid collection tests, 3 types of filter membranes «Technofilter» were compared to a blotting nitrocellulose membrane Sartorius 1288. An ability of the studied membranes to adsorb dentinal fluid was assessed based on the data of proton magnetic resonance using signal magnitudes of the organic molecules accumulation in dentine fluid samples.

A randomized controlled trial on the plaque-removing efficacy of a low-abrasive air-polishing system to improve oral health care.

Objectives: While air polishing with abrasive powders has been proved efficient for sub- and supragingival application, only few studies concerning the quality of supragingival biofilm removal using the low-abrasive erythritol powder (EP) exist. The aim of the present randomized controlled trial was to clinically compare the efficacy of supragingival air polishing using EP in comparison with the rubber cup method, and to juxtapose the corresponding biofilm regrowth rates.

Method And Materials: Thirty-two young adults, suspending oral hygiene for 48 hours, were enrolled in the present double-blind short-term investigation.

In vitro wear of (resin-coated) high-viscosity glass ionomer cements and glass hybrid restorative systems.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate the volumetric abrasive wear of a high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (hvGIC; Equia Fil) and a glass hybrid restorative system (ghRS; Equia Forte), each being recommended as amalgam alternatives. Both materials were applied with or without their respective resinous coating, and were compared with a conventional GIC (Ketac Fil) and a hybrid composite resin (CR; G-ænial Posterior).

Methods: 78 standardized occlusal Class I cavities were restored with the various materials (n = 13 per group).

Publisher Correction: A systematic review of the caries prevalence among children living in Chernobyl fallout countries.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

A systematic review of the caries prevalence among children living in Chernobyl fallout countries.

The present study analyzed the data concerning the caries prevalence in children born and permanently residing in Chernobyl fallout areas. Setting forth to evaluate if differences regarding the caries prevalence can be observed compared to non-contaminated sites of affected East European countries. Methods used to assess the caries prevalence were limited to DMFT/dmft (decayed, missing and filled teeth) for the primary and the permanent dentitions.

Development of an analytical prepCheck-supported approach to evaluate tutor-based assessments of dental students' practical skills.

The aim of the present study was to develop an analytical computer-supported assessment concept for the objective evaluation of students' practical skills, and to investigate the assessor-dependent differences by setting tolerance limits applied during the 'glance and grade' evaluation. A sample of 54 conventionally supervised dental undergraduates were given training in the preparation of a macroretentive Class II cavity. The course participants then took a mandatory practical examination.

Comparison of a prepCheck-supported self-assessment concept with conventional faculty supervision in a pre-clinical simulation environment.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the educational outcome of a digitally based self-assessment concept (prepCheck; DentsplySirona, Wals, Austria) for pre-clinical undergraduates in the context of a regular phantom-laboratory course.

Materials And Methods: A sample of 47 third-year dental students participated in the course. Students were randomly divided into a prepCheck-supervised (self-assessment) intervention group (IG; n = 24); conventionally supervised students constituted the control group (CG; n = 23).

Ex vivo investigation on the postoperative integrity of the apical constriction after the sole use of electronic working length determination.

Aim: The present study investigated the accuracy of root canal preparation with regard to the integrity of the apical constriction (AC) using two different working length determination approaches: (1) the electronic method of working length determination (EWLD), and (2) the radiologic "gold standard" method (GS).

Methodology: Simulation models were constructed by arranging extracted human teeth by means of silicon bolstered gingiva masks, along with a conductive medium (alginate). Electronic working length determination (group 1; EWLD) and radiologic plus initial electronic working length determination for posterior comparability (group 2; GS) preceded manual root canal preparation of teeth in both groups.

Inflammatory cytokines in normal and irreversibly inflamed pulps: A systematic review.

Objective: To review the available literature in regard to the inflammatory process and pulpitis. Setting forth to evaluate if differences in the levels of various cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and IL-8) can be observed in clinically diagnosed normal and irreversibly inflamed pulps that could serve as possible markers and/or diagnostic tools to predict and differentiate between certain states of inflammation. Methods used to measure and assess levels of cytokines have been limited to two protein quantification methods ELISA and/or Multiplex Array.

Systematic review on highly viscous glass-ionomer cement/resin coating restorations (Part II): Do they merge Minamata Convention and minimum intervention dentistry?

Background: With the Minamata Convention the use of mercury will be phased down, and this undoubtedly will have an effect on dental treatment regimens and economic resources. Composite resin restorations are considered viable alternatives to amalgam fillings; however, these will not be covered completely by health insurance systems in many countries. Recently, a high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (hvGIC) processed with a resinous coating (RC) has been introduced, and has been marketed as a restorative material in load-bearing Class I cavities (and in Class II cavities with limited size), thus serving as a possible alternative to amalgam fillings.

Systematic review on highly viscous glass-ionomer cement/resin coating restorations (Part I): Do they merge Minamata Convention and minimum intervention dentistry?

Background: With the Minamata Convention the use of mercury will be phased down, and this undoubtedly will have an effect on dental treatment regimens and economic resources. Composite resin restorations are considered viable alternatives to amalgam fillings; however, these will not be covered completely by health insurance systems in many countries. Recently, a high-viscosity glass-ionomer cement (hvGIC) processed with a resinous coating (RC) has been introduced, and has been marketed as a restorative material in load-bearing Class I cavities (and in Class II cavities with limited size), thus serving as a possible alternative to amalgam fillings.

Development and Evaluation of an Endodontic Simulation Model for Dental Students.

The aims of this study were to develop an endodontic simulation model able to implement the electronic method of working length determination (electronic apex locators, EALs) in a dental school, to evaluate the practicality of this tool for dental students, and to compare the accuracy of working length measurements achieved by the EAL and the radiographic method. A new simulation model was constructed by embedding extracted human teeth in a self-cured resin, along with a conductive medium. After radiographic and electronic working length determinations, root canal instrumentation was performed by students at a dental school in Austria according to the working lengths obtained from the EAL.

Conservative, Surgical, and Prosthetic Treatment of a Patient with a Periapical Lesion Associated with an Atypical Intraoral Sinus Tract.

This report describes a clinical case with an atypical intraoral sinus tract formation from diagnosis and treatment to short-term outcome and definitive prosthetic rehabilitation. In detail, the patient underwent conservative nonsurgical root canal treatment followed by guided bone augmentation of the regions involved in periapical inflammation and sinus tract formation. The removal of the inflammatory source of the lesion as well as the affected tissue clearly led to a healing of the surrounding bone tissues.

Tridimensional surface roughness analysis after resin infiltration of (deproteinized) natural subsurface carious lesions.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate ex vivo the effects of resin infiltration on the areal surface roughness of natural non-cavitated proximal subsurface lesions with or without previous deproteinization and to determine differences between E2 and D1 lesions or between premolars and molars.

Materials And Methods: Forty premolars and 40 molars with proximal carious lesions and macroscopically intact surfaces (International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) II; code 2) were radiologically assessed and randomly allocated to four groups (with 20 E2 and 20 D1 lesions, respectively). In each group, 10 lesions were deproteinized (NaOCl; 1%) before etching (HCl; 15%) and resin infiltration (Icon).

Gene expression of human beta defensins-1 and -2 is significantly reduced in non-inflamed keratinized oral tissue of smokers.

Objective: The impact of smoking on the local innate immune response in the oral cavity, and, commonly, on oral health is actively discussed in the scientific literature. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible effects of smoking on gene expression of human beta-defensin-1 and -2 in human gingival tissue.

Material And Methods: Biopsies of keratinized gingival tissues were taken from donors (with written informed consent) undergoing routine surgical treatment.

HBD-1 and hBD-2 expression in HaCaT keratinocytes stimulated with nicotine.

Objective: The impact of nicotine on the local innate immune response in the oral cavity is unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible effects of nicotine on the gene expression of human beta-defensin-1 and -2 in HaCaT keratinocytes.

Materials And Methods: HaCaTs were cultured in six-well plates in Dulbecco's minimum essential medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% FBS at a density of ×10(6).

Etiologic factors of hyposalivation and consequences for oral health.

Hyposalivation is represented by a reduced salivary flow rate and can be caused by etiologic factors such as systemic diseases and intake of various medications or by radiotherapy following head and neck cancer. The aim of this review was to compile data about the qualitative and quantitative changes of salivary components during hyposalivation, and to summarize their consequences for oral health. A Medline/PubMed/Scopus search was conducted to identify and summarize articles published in English and German that reported on etiology of hyposalivation and changes in the salivary composition due to hyposalivation of different origins.

Gene expression of human beta-defensins in healthy and inflamed human dental pulps.

Human beta-defensins (hBDs) are antimicrobial peptides that play an important role in the innate host defense against bacterial invasion, contribute to promotion of adaptive immune responses, and show chemotactic activities. The aim of this study was to compare the gene expression of hBD-1, -2, -3, and -4 in healthy teeth and teeth with pulpitis. Samples of healthy and inflamed dental pulps were obtained from extracted third molars and during treatment of teeth with pulpitis.

Conservative treatment of plantar heel pain: long-term follow-up.

In order to evaluate the long-term results of patients treated conservatively for plantar heel pain, a telephone follow-up survey was conducted. After eliminating those patients with worker's compensation-related complaints and those with documented inflammatory arthritides, data on 100 patients (58 females and 42 males) were available for review. The average patients was 48 years old (range 20-85 years).

Joint replacement for ankylosed hips.

Forty-one fused hips in thirty-eight patients were converted to total hip replacement. The average length of follow-up was seven years. The predominant indications for conversion were progressively disabling pain in the low back or the hip, or both; loss of function due to immobility or malposition of the hip; and progressive pain and instability of the knee (usually ipsilateral).

Excimer ablation of human intervertebral disc at 308 nanometers.

Excimer laser energy, which has been shown to photoablate tissue at a precisely controllable rate with minimal thermal damage, was applied to human intervertebral disc in an effort to develop a technique for percutaneous discectomy. Cadaveric samples of human disc were used. Excimer laser energy was produced by a XeCl, magnetically switched, long-pulse laser working at 308 nm, 20 Hz.