Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA).

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance.

Prescription behaviours for tigecycline in real-life clinical practice from five European observational studies.

Objectives: There is limited information on the use of tigecycline in real-life clinical practice. This analysis aims to identify and understand tigecycline prescribing patterns and associated patient outcomes for approved indications.

Patients And Methods: A pooled analysis of patient-level data collected on the prescription of tigecycline in five European observational studies (July 2006 to October 2011) was conducted.

Resistance mechanisms and epidemiology of multiresistant pathogens in Europe and efficacy of tigecycline in observational studies.

Objectives: Antimicrobial drug resistance is a growing problem in Europe and, even with differences in epidemiology, it is of great concern. The treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTIs) and complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) is hindered further by pathogens that are resistant to methicillin, carbapenems, third-generation cephalosporins and glycopeptides.

Patients And Methods: An analysis of the microbiological results from five European observational studies (July 2006 to October 2011) evaluating the efficacy of tigecycline (prescribed as monotherapy or in combination with other antibacterials) for the treatment of cSSTI and cIAI is presented.

Safety and tolerability of tigecycline for the treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue and intra-abdominal infections: an analysis based on five European observational studies.

Objectives: Tigecycline is approved for the treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTIs) and complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) in adults. In this analysis the safety and tolerability profile of tigecycline (used alone or in combination) for the treatment of patients with approved indications of cSSTI and cIAI were examined under real-life clinical conditions.

Patients And Methods: Individual patient-level data were pooled from five European observational studies (July 2006 to October 2011).

Efficacy of tigecycline for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in real-life clinical practice from five European observational studies.

Objectives: Tigecycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic approved for the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). The efficacy of tigecycline when administered as monotherapy or in combination with other antibacterials in the treatment of cIAIs in routine clinical practice is described.

Patients And Methods: Individual patient-level data were pooled from five European observational studies (July 2006 to October 2011).

Efficacy of tigecycline for the treatment of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections in real-life clinical practice from five European observational studies.

Objectives: Tigecycline is an approved treatment for complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTIs). The efficacy of tigecycline as monotherapy or in combination with other antibacterials in the treatment of cSSTI in routine practice is described.

Patients And Methods: Individual patient-level data were pooled from five European observational studies (July 2006 to October 2011).

Therapy of 1,025 severely ill patients with complicated infections in a German multicenter study: safety profile and efficacy of tigecycline in different treatment modalities.

This large prospective non-interventional study investigated the effects of tigecycline either as single agent or in combination with other antimicrobial agents in 1,025 patients treated in clinical routine at German hospitals. Sixty-five percent of the patients had APACHE II scores > 15, indicating high overall disease severity. Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) or complicated skin and skin tissue infections (cSSTI) were the most common indications, with Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium and Escherichia coli being the most frequently isolated pathogens.

Prospective, non-interventional, multi-centre trial of tigecycline in the treatment of severely ill patients with complicated infections: new insights into clinical results and treatment practice.

Background: Only few data are available on the efficacy of tigecycline in critically ill patients.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study investigated the efficacy and safety of tigecycline in hospitalized, severely ill patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) and/or complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI). Documentation included diagnosis, clinical findings, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, laboratory assessments, surgery, clinical outcomes, and adverse events.

[Bacteriostatic - bactericidal].

Action of chemotherapeutics on bacteria can be described as "bacteriostatic" or "bactericidal". In vitro, "bactericidal" agents are able to kill >or= 99.9% bacteria of the inoculum within 18-24 h.

Gingival crevicular fluid levels of calprotectin and myeloperoxidase during therapy for generalized aggressive periodontitis.

Background: Levels of the inflammation marker calprotectin in gingival crevicular fluid correspond to clinical and biochemical parameters of periodontal inflammation. Neutrophil granulocytes (polymorphonuclear neutrophils: PMNs) are supposed to be the main source of calprotectin in gingival crevicular fluid, but evidence is still lacking. The influence of periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid levels of calprotectin has not yet been determined.

Antibiotic resistance of urinary pathogens in female general practice patients.

A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in women with uncomplicated and complicated lower urinary tract infection (UTI) in Germany. In 36 (of 118 invited) general practices, urine cultures and resistance testing were performed during 4 months on all women presenting with symptoms of UTI. Each patient's symptoms, risk factors and treatment were documented.

Management of urinary tract infections in female general practice patients.

Background: Though guidelines for the management of urinary tract infections (UTI) exist in several European countries, little is known about GPs' adherence, and the appropriateness of their management with regard to antibiotic resistance.

Objectives: To describe German GPs' management of female patients with symptoms of UTI, to assess the diagnostic accuracy of dipsticks in a German general practice setting, to develop diagnostic prediction rules for culture-confirmed UTI, and to compare the adequacy of empirical treatment strategies and GPs' actual prescriptions.

Methods: In 36 (of 118 invited) teaching general practices, urine cultures and resistance testing were performed during 4 months on all symptomatic patients.