Enriching Stem/Progenitor Cells from Dental Pulp Cells by Low-density Culturing.

Background/aim: Clonogenicity is a key feature of stem/progenitor cells. The present study aimed to enrich stem/progenitor cells from dental pulp cells by means of culturing the cells at a low clonal density with spatial separation and the evaluate differentiation potential of the surviving cells.

Materials And Methods: Pulp cells derived from wisdom teeth were seeded into wells of a 96-plate at a mean density of 1 cell/well and cultured for 2 weeks.

Accuracy of Bone Measurements in the Vicinity of Titanium Implants in CBCT Data Sets: A Comparison of Radiological and Histological Findings in Minipigs.

Purpose: The aim of this animal study was the determination of accuracy of bone measurements in CBCT (cone-beam computed tomography) in close proximity to titanium implants.

Material And Methods: Titanium implants were inserted in eight Göttingen minipigs. 60 implants were evaluated histologically in ground section specimen and radiologically in CBCT in regard to thickness of the buccal bone.

Postoperative bleeding risk for oral surgery under continued rivaroxaban anticoagulant therapy.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the risk of postoperative bleeding complications after oral procedures performed under continued mono or dual anticoagulation therapy with rivaroxaban (and aspirin).

Methods: This retrospective single-center observational study included 52 oral procedures performed under continued oral anticoagulant therapy with rivaroxaban (20 mg/day). Among them, two procedures were performed under continued dual therapy with aspirin (100 mg/day) added to the regimen.

Increased Postoperative Bleeding Risk among Patients with Local Flap Surgery under Continued Clopidogrel Therapy.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the influence of a continued antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel on postoperative bleeding risk in patients undergoing skin tumor resection and reconstruction with local flaps or skin grafts under outpatient conditions.

Patients And Methods: The authors designed and implemented a retrospective clinical cohort study at the General Hospital Balingen. The primary endpoint was the bleeding ratio in patients with clopidogrel treatment in comparison to patients without any anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy.

Enrichment and Schwann Cell Differentiation of Neural Crest-derived Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Background/aim: As already described in previous studies, neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) can be found in adult human dental pulp. The present study investigated the methodology for enrichment and differentiation-induction of the above mentioned cells.

Materials And Methods: Dental pulp was extracted from human wisdom teeth of four patients and subsequently cultured as explants on fibronectin-coated plates in neurobasal medium supplemented with B27, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), insulin, l-glutamine and neuregulin-β1.

Is immediate bony microsurgical reconstruction after head and neck tumor ablation associated with a higher rate of local recurrence?

The purpose of this retrospective study was to examine the possible effect of immediate bony microvascular free flap reconstruction of mandibular defects after radical tumor resection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) on the rate of local relapse. Our own data regarding recurrence rates for 1-step immediate reconstruction were compared to the published recurrence rates of 2-step reconstructions. A total of 21 patients (aged 45-77 years) with OSCC who underwent a primary surgical therapy with subsequent immediate bony microvascular free flap reconstruction of mandibular defects were followed up for 18-38 months.

Postoperative bleeding risk for oral surgery under continued clopidogrel antiplatelet therapy.

Object: To determine the incidence of postoperative bleeding for oral osteotomy carried out under continued monoantiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and dual therapy with clopidogrel/aspirin. Design. Retrospective single center observatory study of two study groups and a control group.

Lack of evidence for increased postoperative bleeding risk for dental osteotomy with continued aspirin therapy.

Objective: Dental osteotomy, the removal of an impacted, ankylosed, or severely destroyed tooth requiring an osteotomy, is more invasive than other minor dental procedures and therefore also has a higher bleeding risk. A considerable number of patients under antiplatelet therapy interrupt their therapy perioperatively, which, however, increases the risk of thromboembolism.

Study Design: This retrospective study assessed postoperative bleeding incidence for a total of 297 dental osteotomies with continued aspirin therapy, compared with that of 179 similar procedures on patients who were not on any anticoagulation or anti-platelet therapy.

Bone substitutes enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional scaffolds.

Aim: The present study aimed to find bone substitutes to enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in three-dimensional scaffolds in the absence of dexamethasone.

Materials And Methods: Seven commercial bone substitutes were added to a three-dimensional fibrin-matrix containing rat mesenchymal stem cells in a biocompatible poly-L-lactic-acid mesh. Cell viability, cytotoxicity and alkaline phosphatase activity were followed for three weeks.

Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in fibrin-hydroxyapatite matrix in a 3-dimensional mesh scaffold.

Aim: To explore the feasibility of culturing mesenchymal stem cells in an hydroxyapatite-fibrin matrix held by a mesh scaffold and inducing osteogenic differentiation of these cells. The aim was to obtain bone-material in vitro in a desired form.

Materials And Methods: Rat mesenchymal stem cells were mixed with fibrin and nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite in tubular scaffolds constructed from a poly(L-lactic acid) mesh, and cultured under standard and osteogenic differentiating conditions.

Lack of evidence for increased risk of postoperative bleeding after cutaneous surgery in the head and neck in patients taking aspirin.

Cutaneous surgery in the head and neck carries an intermediate risk of bleeding, so many surgeons stop anticoagulant treatment perioperatively despite the risk of cardiovascular events. We reviewed many procedures done in patients who were taking aspirin, and we did not find evidence of significantly increased postoperative bleeding compared with procedures in patients who were not taking aspirin (10/259=4% compared with 6/209=3%, p=0.6).

Outcome of microvascular free flaps in a high-volume training centre.

Purpose: Microvascular free tissue transfer allows major ablative defects following oncologic surgical and traumatic reasons to be reliably reconstructed in the head and neck region. A retrospective analysis of the microvascular flap procedures which were performed within one year in a high volume training centre was performed.

Patients And Methods: The microvascular free flap procedures of the year 2011 were reviewed and followed up until the 31st December 2012.

Her2 expression and gene amplification is rarely detectable in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas.

Purpose: Her2 (ErbB2) transforms cells when overexpressed and is an important therapeutic target in breast cancer. Contrary to breast cancer, studies on Her2 overexpression and gene amplification in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region described largely different results. This study was undertaken to learn more on the prevalence and clinical significance of HER2 amplification and overexpression in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck.

First description of a hybrid tumor of the sublingual gland.

Background: Hybrid tumours of the salivary glands are rare neoplasms. They are composed of at least two different tumour entities located in the same topographic area and account for only 0.1% of all salivary gland tumours.

Postoperative bleeding risk for cutaneous surgery in the head and neck region with continued phenprocoumon therapy.

In a total of 171 surgical procedures for lesions in the head and neck region in patients in whom phenprocoumon therapy was not stopped, 16 (9%) postoperative bleeding events were observed over a follow-up period of two weeks. Local measures were sufficient in all cases except one severe case where blood transfusion was needed and anticoagulant treatment was stopped for 7 days. The bleeding risk was significantly higher for the surgical procedures of the nose than those in other areas (21% versus 6%, P = 0.

Immunohistochemical and FISH analysis of EGFR and its prognostic value in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: To study immunohistochemical expression of the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) in oral carcinomas and the head and neck region to examine possible associations with various features of the tumors and survival of the patients.

Materials And Methods: Sections were made from two tissue arrays composed of 206 oral squamous cell carcinomas and 427 squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region, respectively, and examined for EGFR expression and Ki-67 labeling index by means of immunohistochemistry, and for EGFR gene amplification by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization. Correlation between resulting parameters and with clinical features was evaluated using chi-square test and Kaplan-Meyer analysis.

The detection of oral pre- malignant lesions with an autofluorescence based imaging system (VELscope™) - a single blinded clinical evaluation.

Objective: The disease specific five-year survival rate especially for patients with advanced oral cancer has not improved significantly over the period of time. The most effective way of combating this dilemma is an early detection, diagnosis and eradication of early-stage lesions and their precursors. The use of VELscope® using an autofluorescence as a diagnostic tool might be useful in early detection of oral malignant lesions.

Bleeding incidence after oral surgery with continued oral anticoagulation.

Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the incidence of postoperative hemorrhage in patients treated with coumarins without interruption of the anticoagulant treatment undergoing oral surgical procedures, mostly osteotomies for tooth removal, when compared with patients who had never been anticoagulated.

Material And Methods: Six hundred thirty-seven patients underwent 934 oral surgical procedures on an outpatient basis. The INR was measured preoperatively being 2.

Influence of lip closure on alveolar cleft width in patients with cleft lip and palate.

Background: The influence of surgery on growth and stability after treatment in patients with cleft lip and palate are topics still under discussion. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of early lip closure on the width of the alveolar cleft using dental casts.

Methods: A total of 44 clefts were investigated using plaster casts, 30 unilateral and 7 bilateral clefts.

Metastases in odontogenic cysts: literature review and case presentation.

Malignant tumors in the oral cavity are relatively rare. About 5% of all malignant growths in the body are localized in the oral cavity. The vast majority of oral malignancies are primary tumors with squamous cell carcinoma being the most frequent and sarcomas occurring very seldom.

Clinical follow-up examination of surgically treated fractures of the condylar process using the transparotid approach.

Purpose: The surgical approaches for the open treatment of condylar process fractures have been controversial. In our study, we evaluated the morbidity of the transparotid approach during 2 years of follow-up.

Patients And Methods: A total of 48 patients with condylar process Class II and IV fractures according to classification of Spiessl and Schroll, were included in the present study.

Primary osteoplasty using calvarian bone in patients with cleft lip, alveolus and palate.

Purpose: The results of primary bone grafting in terms of initial cleft width, existence or absence of a lateral incisor and scar formation in the donor area are compared.

Methods: After primary osteoplasty with calvarian bone at an average age of 24 months (4-56 months) radiographic assessment was carried out in 31 patients with 40 alveolar clefts. The bone formation in the grafted area was assessed using dental radiographs taken at 66 months on average (13-114 months) after primary bone grafting.

Conditioning of myocutaneous flaps.

Purpose: The improvement of the ischaemic tolerance of myocutaneous flaps is of clinical importance and hence the subject of numerous investigations.

Methods: In an attempt to increase the ischaemic tolerance, 20 myocutaneous flaps (rectus abdominis muscle) in pigs were elevated and perfused with various, established solutions prior to the onset of ischaemia. The flaps were elevated, utilizing the superior epigastric vessels as the pedicle.