The Mediating Effect of Cytokines on the Association between Fungal Sensitization and Poor Clinical Outcome in Asthma.

Unlabelled: Sensitization to fungal allergens is one of the proposed phenotypes in asthma. An association between fungal sensitization and worse clinical outcomes is apparent. Moreover, fungal sensitization in asthma that is associated with different type of immunological mechanism has been reported.

Tiotropium/Olodaterol treatment reduces cigarette smoke extract-induced cell death in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells.

Background: Cigarette smoking is a critical risk factor for the destruction of lung parenchyma or the development of emphysema, which is characteristic of COPD. Disruption of epithelial layer integrity may contribute to lung injury following cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure. Tiotropium/olodaterol acts as a bronchodilator for COPD treatment; however, the effect of dual bronchodilators on epithelial cell injury and its underlying mechanism remain unclear.

Antihelminthic Niclosamide Induces Autophagy and Delayed Apoptosis in Human Non-small Lung Cancer Cells and .

Background/aim: Niclosamide is an antihe-minthic drug that has shown cytotoxic effects on non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cells. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the anti-tumour activity of niclosamide in NSCLC cancer cells remains to be defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor activity of niclosamide in human A549 and CL1-5 non-small cell lung cancer cells using in vitro and in vivo.

Association of meteorological factors and air NO and O concentrations with acute exacerbation of elderly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

We studied the combined effect of air pollutant concentrations and meteorological factors [e.g., temperature and atmospheric pressure (AP)] on the acute exacerbation of coronary obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 277 older patients with COPD (240 men and 37 women; average age, 75.

Increased risk of community-acquired pneumonia in COPD patients with comorbid cardiovascular disease.

Background And Objective: COPD patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) have worse clinical outcomes, as compared to those without COPD. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common comorbidity for COPD patients. Whether COPD with comorbid CVD will increase the risk of CAP is not well investigated.

Unilateral lower lung field opacities on chest radiography: a comparison of the clinical manifestations of tuberculosis and pneumonia.

Background: The radiological manifestations of lower lung field (LLF) tuberculosis (LLFTB) are similar to those of LLF pneumonia (LLFP), making diagnosis challenging. The aim of this study was to determine if there are differences in the clinical manifestations of LLFTB and LLFP in patients with unilateral LLF opacities.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patient records to identify those with unilateral LLF opacities who were subsequently diagnosed with LLFTB or LLFP.

"Cough officer screening" improves detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in hospital in-patients.

Background: Current tuberculosis (TB) reporting protocols are insufficient to achieve the goals established by the Stop TB partnership. Some countries have recommended implementation of active case finding program. We assessed the effect of Cough Officer Screening (an active screening system) on the rate of TB detection and health care system delays over the course of four years.