New insight into the role of the pathway NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes and IL-33 in ultraviolet-induced cutaneous carcinogenesis.

Introduction: Inflammasomes NLRP1 (NLR family pyrin domain containing 1) and NLRP3 are pivotal regulators of the innate immune response, activated by a spectrum of endogenous and exogenous stressors, including ultraviolet radiation (UVR). The precise molecular mechanisms underlying the activation of these inflammasomes remain unclear. Furthermore, the involvement of interleukin-33 (IL-33) in UVR-induced skin carcinogenesis is not well defined.

Serotypes, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Potential Mechanisms of Resistance Gene Transfer in Strains from Waterfowl in Poland.

Erysipelas is a significant problem in the waterfowl farming in Poland, and information on the characteristics of the strains causing this disease is limited. In this study, we determined the serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility, and potential mechanisms of resistance gene transfer in isolates (n = 60) from domestic geese and ducks. We also developed a multiplex PCR for the detection of resistance genes.

In Vitro Evaluation of Phytobiotic Mixture Antibacterial Potential against spp. Strains Isolated from Broiler Chicken.

spp. are normal intestinal tract microflorae found in poultry. However, the last decades have shown that several species, e.

Comparison of automatic methods MALDI-TOF, VITEK2 and manual methods for the identification of intestinal microbial communities on the example of samples from alpacas ().

Introduction: Universally, in microbiological diagnostics the detection of live bacteria is essential. Rapid identification of pathogens enables appropriate remedial measures to be taken. The identification of many bacteria simultaneously facilitates the determination of the characteristics of the accompanying microbiota and/or the microbiological complexity of a given environment.

Comparison of Phenotype and Genotype Virulence and Antimicrobial Factors of Typhimurium Isolated from Human Milk.

is a common foodborne infection. Many serovars belonging to subsp. are present in the gut of various animal species.

Sustainable Future Protein Foods: The Challenges and the Future of Cultivated Meat.

Global pressure from consumers to improve animal welfare, and reduce microbiological risks or the use of antibiotics pose new challenges for the meat industry. Today's livestock production, despite many undertaken measures, is still far from being sustainable. This forced the need to work on alternative protein types that come from plants, insects, fungi, or cell culture processes.

In Vitro Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Phytobiotics Composition towards of Avian Pathogenic (APEC) and Other Strains Isolated from Broiler Chickens.

infections (including APEC) in broiler chickens are not only a health and economic problem of the flock, but also a significant health threat to poultry meat consumers. The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of the phytobiotic composition on in broiler chickens were previously described. However, most of the data were related to the reference strains (for both in vitro and in vivo models).

Detection and Identification of Avian Reovirus in Young Geese () in Poland.

Avian reovirus (ARV) is a cause of infections of broiler and turkey flocks, as well as waterfowl birds. This case report describes a reovirus detection in a fattening goose flock. GRV-infected geese suffer from severe arthritis, tenosynovitis, pericarditis, depressed growth, or runting-stunting syndrome (RSS), malabsorption syndrome, and respiratory and enteric diseases.

Multi-Drug Resistance to spp. When Isolated from Raw Meat Products.

spp. is the most frequent cause of foodborne diseases, and the increasing occurrence of MDR strains is an additional and increasing problem. We collected spp.

In Vitro Evaluation of Antimicrobial Effect of Phytobiotics Mixture on spp. Isolated from Chicken Broiler.

Background: The identification of natural antibacterial agents from various sources that can act effectively against disease-causing foodborne bacteria is one of the major concerns throughout the world. In the present study, a unique phytobiotics mixture containing thymol, menthol, linalool, -anethole, methyl salicylate, 1,8-cineole, and -cymene was evaluated for antibacterial activity against selected strains of spp.

Results: The phytobiotics mixture was effective against subsp.

Wild Duck () as a Source of Antibiotic-Resistant subsp. O58-The First Report in Poland.

The "One Health" approach increasingly demonstrates the global spread of pathogenic microorganisms and their antimicrobial resistance in the environment, both in animals and humans. subsp. is nowadays very often isolated from cold-blooded reptiles to a lesser extent from sheep, but unfortunately more and more often from humans.

Monitoring Cellular Responses to Infection with Fluorescent Biosensors.

Fluorescent biosensors are chemically or genetically encoded reporters of cellular processes, signaling pathways, or biomolecule concentration, whose output is quantified using fluorescence microscopy or fluorescence spectrometry. These biosensors can detect the target activity or metabolites via mechanisms including conversion between nonfluorescent and fluorescent forms, changes in reporter intensity, changes in the intensity ratio across fluorescence channels, alterations to the subcellular localization of the bioreporter, and by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Here, we describe the use of a chemical photoconverting biosensor, and genetically encoded localization and ratiometric biosensors, for monitoring the cellular and signaling processes involved in pathogen-induced apoptosis and the resulting destruction of the pathogen.

Yield False-Positive Identification as , a Note of Caution.

Background: Globally, is one of the leading causes of foodborne illness in humans. Food of animal origin is obligatorily tested for the presence of this pathogen. Unfortunately, in meat and meat products, this is often hampered by the presence of background microbiota, which may present as false-positive .

Hippo Signaling Pathway as a New Potential Target in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: A Narrative Review.

Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), are the most frequently diagnosed cancers in humans, however, their exact pathogenesis is not fully understood. In recent years, it has been hypothesized that the recently discovered Hippo pathway could play a detrimental role in cutaneous carcinogenesis, but no direct connections have been made. The Hippo pathway and its effector, YAP, are responsible for tissue growth by accelerating cell proliferation, however, YAP upregulation and overexpression have also been reported in numerous types of tumors.

/Cdx-2 AA Variant of Defines the Response to Phototherapy amongst Patients with Psoriasis.

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D plays a central role in the immune system via binding to the vitamin D receptor. polymorphisms have been associated with multiple autoimmune disorders, including psoriasis. Until now, five polymorphisms, , , , and /Cdx2, have been studied in psoriasis, with contradicting results.

NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes as a new approach to skin carcinogenesis.

Inflammasomes are key innate immune system receptors that detect pathogenic endo- and exogenous stressors like microorganisms or ultraviolet radiation (UVR) which activate the highly proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18. Inflammasomes are not only involved in inflammation, but also in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Due to the dynamic increase in non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC), it has become necessary to determine how UVR, which plays a key role in NMSC development, can regulate the structure and function of inflammasomes.

Proteins involved in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma development.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy type in the Caucasian population, with a continuously increasing incidence rate. The etiology of BCC remains unknown, but it appears to have a multifactorial origin resulting from intrinsic and extrinsic factors, including short-wavelength ultraviolet B radiation. The role of specific proteins in BCC that are known to be responsible for the regulation of cell division and are involved in skin aging, including transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Smad2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, -3, -8 and -9, cathepsin-K and progerin, remains unknown.

Alternative activation of hedgehog pathway induced by ultraviolet B radiation: preliminary study.

Background: There is still much ambiguity in studies of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathways and its dysregulation. Some studies concerning the role of the Shh pathway in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) have been conducted, but there is a lack of studies about Shh pathway dysregulation under the influence of ultraviolet (UV)B radiation.

Aim: To evaluate skin expression of Shh, Ptch1, Ptch2, Smo and Gli1 proteins in BCCs with and without the influence of UVB radiation.

Impact of Ultraviolet Radiation on Expression of Transforming Growth Factor β, Smad2, Metalloproteinases-1, -3, -8, -9, Cathepsin K and Progerin.

Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is one of the most important environmental factors involved in photoaging. Exposure to UVR leads to dysregulation of expression of cell cycle-related proteins which play key role in skin photodegradation that pretends to develop carcinogenesis. This study examines the role of various UVB doses on the expression of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Smad2, cathepsin K, progerin and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1,-3,-8,-9.

Leukotriene receptor expression in mast cells is affected by their agonists.

The effects of LTs are mediated by GPCRs: cysLTs interact with CYSLTR1, CYSLTR2, or GPR17, and LTB acts via BLT1R or BLT2R. Data relating to the presence of these receptors in mature tissue mast cells are not entirely known. By confocal microscopy with image analyses and flow cytometry, we established that native rat mast cells isolated from peritoneal cavity constitutively express all studied receptors.

Relation between sonic hedgehog pathway gene polymorphisms and basal cell carcinoma development in the Polish population.

In recent decades, increases have been observed in the incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma. BCC is the most common neoplasm in Caucasian populations. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway impairment plays a key role in BCC pathogenesis, and there is evidence that Shh pathway genetic variations may predispose to BCC development.

Evaluation of detection and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients in the Łódzkie voivodship in 2009-2013.

Study Aim: Evaluation of detection and drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients from the Łódzkie Voivodship in the period 2009 - 2013.

Material And Methods: The data presented in the study include information obtained while diagnosing patients from the Łódzkie Voivodship in order to detect infections with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the period 2009-2013.

Results: In 2009-2013 we analyzed clinical specimens for the purpose of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

[Cathelicidins - endogenous antimicrobial peptides].

Within the last decade, several antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been discovered. Cathelicidins are one family of AMPs characterized by a conserved cathelin domain and a variable C-terminal cationic antimicrobial domain. These peptides are produced by different cells, including leukocytes, epithelial cells and keratinocytes.