COVID-19's impact on Australian wine markets and regions.

This paper provides an empirical case study of impacts of COVID-19 on Australia's wine sector. Wine exports were subject to disruptions and, like domestic wine sales, were adversely affected not only by temporary declines in consumers' expected incomes but also by the social distancing measures and self-isolation that led to closure of restaurants, bars, cafes and clubs plus declines in international travel and tourism. Partly offsetting this has been a boost to off-premise and direct e-commerce sales.

Purification and characterization of indochrome type blue pigment produced by Pseudarthrobacter sp. 34LCH1 isolated from Atacama desert.

The interest in and demand for natural dyes has increased significantly in recent years; however, very few natural blue dyes are commercially available, because blue colored compounds in nature are relatively rare. In this study, a blue pigment-producing bacteria from Lake Chungará (Atacama Desert, Chile) was isolated, and its blue pigment was purified and chemically characterized. The pigment-producing strain was identified as Pseudarthrobacter sp.

Intravenous solid tip ECG lead placement in telemetry implanted dogs: Part 2: High quality telemetry signals yield high sensitivity to drug-induced changes.

Introduction: Dogs are commonly used in cardiovascular drug safety assessment, and implanted telemetry models include subcutaneous or epicardial electrocardiogram (ECG) electrode placements. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of a canine telemetry model with intravenous ECG lead placement: the negative ECG lead (solid tip) inserted into the jugular vein and the positive lead sutured to the diaphragm. Reference drugs were administered to test the sensitivity to drug-induced changes.

Evaluation of risk of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve with classical sagittal split osteotomy technique and proposed alternative surgical techniques using computer-assisted surgery.

Neurosensory disturbance after sagittal split osteotomy is a common complication. This study evaluated the course of the mandibular canal at three positions using computed tomography (CT), assessed the risk of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve in classical sagittal split osteotomy, based on the proximity of the mandibular canal to the external cortical bone, and proposed alternative surgical techniques using computer-assisted surgery. CT data from 102 mandibular rami were evaluated.

Navigated flapless transmucosal implant placement in the mandible: a pilot study in 20 patients.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess whether navigated flapless transmucosal implant bed preparation allows placement of dental implants in edentulous mandibles.

Materials And Methods: Each patient was scheduled to receive 4 screw-shaped Ankylos (Dentsply Friadent) implants in the interforaminal region. The VISIT navigation system was used for guided drilling.

Prospective randomized clinical comparison of 2 dental implant navigation systems.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective randomized study was to compare the clinical accuracy of and surgical time required for mandibular dental implant placement with 2 computer-assisted navigation systems using pre- and postoperative computerized tomographic (CT) data.

Materials And Methods: In 16 patients with edentulous mandibles, 4 interforaminal implants per patient were placed with computer-assisted navigation. The implant bed was prepared by transmucosal drilling without mucosal punching.

Computer-guided flapless placement and immediate loading of four conical screw-type implants in the edentulous mandible.

Aim: The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the outcome of computer-guided flapless placement and immediate loading of four conical screw-type implants in the interforaminal region.

Patients And Methods: From May to August 2003, 25 consecutive patients (m : f=16 : 9) with edentulous mandibles were included in the study. After transmucosal drilling with computer-assisted navigation, four implants were placed in the interforaminal region.

Preliminary report on a staged ridge splitting technique for implant placement in the mandible: a technical note.

Purpose: Narrow edentulous alveolar ridges less than 5 mm wide require horizontal augmentation for the placement of screw-type dental implants. A staged approach to ridge splitting in the mandible to decrease the risk of malfracture during osteotomy is presented.

Materials And Methods: Five consecutive patients with 6 long-span edentulous areas of the mandibular ridge were included in this study.

Computer-guided flapless transmucosal implant placement in the mandible: a new combination of two innovative techniques.

Objective: To assess whether computer-guided flapless transmucosal implant bed preparation without mucosal punching allows placement of dental implants in edentulous mandibles.

Study Design: Twenty patients with fully edentulous mandibles (11 male; 9 female) were included in the study. Each patient was scheduled to receive 4 screw-shaped Ankylos (Dentsply Friadent, Mannheim, Germany) implants in the interforaminal region.

Complications after zygoma fracture fixation: is there a difference between biodegradable materials and how do they compare with titanium osteosynthesis?

Objective: Biodegradable materials are particularly useful for the fixation of zygomatic fractures. Different systems are commercially available. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome of zygomatic fracture fixation using 3 biodegradable systems and a titanium osteosynthesis system.

Treatment of atrophic mandibular fractures based on the degree of atrophy--experience with different plating systems: a retrospective study.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of fractures of the atrophic mandible based on the degree of atrophy and treatment by different plating systems.

Patients And Methods: Thirty patients with 40 fractures of atrophic mandibles were treated by open reduction and internal fixation at our department between 1994 and 2001. Twelve fractures occurred in Class I (between 15- and 20-mm bone height), 10 fractures in Class II (between 10 and 15 mm), and 18 fractures in Class III atrophy (<10 mm).

An evaluation of the clinical application of three different biodegradable osteosynthesis materials for the fixation of zygomatic fractures.

Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to compare the clinical handling of 3 different biodegradable osteosynthesis materials and to determine whether they can be used for the fixation of all types of zygomatic fractures.

Study Design: A total of 54 consecutive patients who presented with displaced fractures of the zygomatic bone between October 2001 and May 2003 were randomly allocated to 3 biodegradable material groups for the fixation of the fractures. A titanium fixation system was used as rescue osteosynthesis whenever biodegradable materials failed.

Analysis of complications following alveolar distraction osteogenesis and implant placement in the partially edentulous mandible.

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate complications before, during, and after vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis and to assess the survival rate of dental implants placed in distracted bone.

Study Design: In a consecutive series, 37 patients with 45 alveolar ridge deficiencies of the partially edentulous mandible were treated with 14 intraosseous and 31 subperiosteal distraction devices. Seventy-two dental implants could be placed at the time of distractor removal and 21 implants at a second stage.

Biodegradable fixation of mandibular fractures in children: stability and early results.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficiency of biodegradable self-reinforced (SR-PLDLA) bone plates and screws in open reduction and internal fixation of mandible fractures in children.

Study Design: Thirteen patients (5 female, 8 male; mean age 12 years, range 5-16 years) were operated on various fractures of the mandible (2 symphyseal, 6 parasymphyseal, 4 body, 3 angle, 1 ramus, 2 condylar fractures). The mean follow-up time was 26.

Stability of biodegradable implants in treatment of mandibular fractures.

Background: Biodegradable implants have not been used on a large scale for internal fixation of mandibular fractures because of presumed inferior mechanical properties. This prospective clinical trial was designed to elucidate the stability and biocompatibility of self-reinforced poly-L/D-lactide plates and screws used to stabilize a variety of mandible fractures by open reduction and internal fixation.

Methods: Sixty-six consecutive patients (22 female, 44 male; mean age, 23.

Analysis of cell-seeded 3-dimensional bone constructs manufactured in vitro with hydroxyapatite granules obtained from red algae.

Purpose: Bone tissue engineering is a promising approach for the treatment of defective or lost bone in the maxillofacial region. Biocompatible and biodegradable scaffolds seeded with living cells are used to create functional tissue for load-bearing bone reconstruction. The aim of this study was to manufacture cell-seeded 3-dimensional bone constructs based on hydroxyapatite ceramic granule calcified from red algae and mesenchymal cambial-layer precursor cells.

Self-reinforced biodegradable plates and screws for fixation of zygomatic fractures.

Purpose: The aim of this retrospective clinical study was to evaluate zygomatic fracture fixation with the BioSorbFX osteosynthesis system by assessing stability of reduction as well as complications in the first postoperative year and by conducting a survey to document surgeons' opinions on biodegradable osteosynthesis for this indication.

Material: From January to September 2003, 25 patients with displaced non-infected unilateral fracture of the zygoma were operated upon (m:f = 20:5; age 17-81 years; mean 39.4 years) using the BioSorbFX 2.

Van Der Woude syndrome: variable penetrance of a novel mutation (p.Arg 84Gly) of the IRF6 gene in a Turkish family.

Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by clefts of the lip and/or palate (CL+/-P), lip pits, bifid uvula and hypodontia. Mutations of the interferon regulatory factor 6 gene (IRF6) have been recently described in patients with VWS. The entire 9 exons of the IRF6 gene in two brothers of Turkish origin clinically diagnosed with Van der Woude syndrome and four healthy family members were screened for mutations using a newly established denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method.

Fixation of zygomatic fractures with a biodegradable copolymer osteosynthesis system: short- and long-term results.

Biodegradable osteosynthesis devices can be viewed as addition to, not yet replacement for conventional metal osteosynthesis materials. In a series of 65 patients with zygomatic fractures, a short-term complication/sequelae rate of 22.8% and a long-term complication rate of 9.

Radiation therapy in hyperbaric oxygen for head and neck cancer at Royal Adelaide Hospital--1964 to 1980.

This report describes experience with radiation therapy in hyperbaric oxygen in 201 patients with squamous carcinoma arising in the mobile portion of tongue (anterior 2/3), oropharynx, hypopharynx, and supraglottic larynx, treated between the years 1964 and 1980. Although not statistically different, the overall 5-year determinate survival figures of 35% for all patients with tumors arising in the hypopharynx, 87.5% for Stage I and II, 55% for Stage III, and 27.