Enabling mothers of young children in a low SES area to co-design the support they are seeking for the adoption of healthy behaviours.

Aims: There is a need for interventions that meet the needs of low socioeconomic status (SES) groups, to encourage the adoption of healthy diets and physical activity, in line with current public health guidance. This qualitative research used co-production, a method which actively involves the relevant community, to identify and describe public health interventions to support a group of mothers of young children living in a low SES area.

Methods: A group of 20 mothers took part in three in-depth qualitative interviews to discuss in detail the type of support that would be of value to them for the adoption and maintenance of healthy behaviours.

Adopting and maintaining a healthy lifestyle in low SES families: How the experience of motherhood shapes responses to dietary and physical activity public health guidance.

Background: Public health guidance and associated interventions seek to bring about change in diet and physical activity behaviours to improve life expectancy and healthy life expectancy in the population. Low socioeconomic status (SES) groups suffer from reduced life/healthy life expectancy compared with the population as a whole. This in-depth qualitative study, investigates the lives and experiences of mothers with young children living in a low SES area in a London (UK) borough, to understand the context in which current public health guidance on diet and physical activity is received and viewed, and how this understanding could be used to inform the development of public health guidance and interventions for this group.

The Family Is My Priority: How Motherhood Frames Participation in Physical Activity in a Group of Mothers Living in a Low Socioeconomic Status Area.

Socioeconomic status (SES) is known to influence strongly both life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Whilst there are multiple factors with complex interactions that provide the explanation for this observation, differences in the uptake of physical activity between high and low SES groups play a role. This in-depth qualitative study set out to understand the response of a group of mothers with young children living in a low SES area of a London (UK) borough to the current physical activity guidance and to investigate whether existing and established interventions based on behavior change are appropriate for this group.

Non-linear function model of voice pitch dependency on physical and mental load.

The present work describes that under increasing physical load the voice fundamental frequency (voice pitch) remains on a given level as long as the physical load is well tolerated by the subject, whereas heart rate and blood pressure continuously increase during increasing physical load. This voice pitch level was compared to voice pitch levels under mental load. Using a word recognition system, 11 well trained, young male subjects had to solve 2 moderate mental load tasks.

Comparing elite soldiers' perceptions of psychological and physical demands during military training.

This research examined the impact of psychological and physical demands on a group of elite soldiers (N = 9) before, during and after training exercises involving routine and unrehearse tasks. Based on the psychological concept of toughening, we expected soldier responses to unrehearsed demands to be les resilient than to routine training demands. As hypothesized soldiers rated their perceptions of physical and psychologica demands higher during the unrehearsed training phase of the study.

Voice monitoring to measure emotional load during short-term stress.

It is well known that there is a relationship between the voice the human emotional status. Previous studies have demonstrated that changes of fundamental frequency ( f(0)), in particular, have a significant relationship with emotional load. The aim of the present study was to investigate how f(0) changes in response to an unknown emotionally stressful task under real-life conditions.

Vascular endothelial growth factor in exercising humans under different environmental conditions.

It was the aim of this study to investigate the time course of changes in the serum concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during a regular survival training programme combined with food and fluid deprivation and during a high altitude marathon run. We studied soldiers of the Austrian Special Forces performing survival training at sea-level and marathon runners of the Posta Atletica who crossed the border between Chile and Argentina at altitudes up to 4722 m. Baseline data collected before the 1-week of survival training showed that the soldiers had normal VEGF [n = 8, 246.

[Reduced lung function parameters after physical exertion in Austrian Alps in ozone concentrations below the legal warning limit].

The ambient ozone concentration has increased greatly over the past decades, which may lead to environmental health problems, especially during the summer. WHO guidelines recommend an 8 hour mean value of < or = 60 ppb ozone without health risk. The aim of the present study was to investigate if elevated zone concentrations at moderate altitudes in the Austrian Alps, characteristic of the situation in the summer months, influence pulmonary function after physical exercise.

Fluid regulation during prolonged physical strain with water and food deprivation in healthy, trained men.

The aim of this study was to investigate fluidregulating mechanisms, with special regard to the role of plasma proteins in the control of plasma volume (PV), and the role of the superficial tissues as a water storage organ of the body during prolonged physical strain. 29 male subjects (mean age 22.2 +/- 2.

Erythropoietin in 29 men during and after prolonged physical stress combined with food and fluid deprivation.

The study investigated the influence of prolonged physical stress during survival training with food and fluid deprivation on the serum concentrations of erythropoietin (EPO). A group of 29 male subjects [mean age 22.2 (SD 2.

[Computer-assisted evaluation of bicycle ergometry for determining level of endurance training in physical fitness].

Recent studies have provided evidence of the importance of aerobic endurance training as an independent factor with regard to reducing morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases. Clinical routine shows that test methods and training recommendations are often not specific enough for efficient, yet safe exercise. Software is presented which allows cycle ergometry to be used according to standard criteria in clinical practice, with special attention to the requirements for training with health benefit.

Fluid distribution and tissue thickness changes in 29 men during 1 week at moderate altitude (2,315 m).

To quantify fluid distribution at a moderate altitude (2,315 m) 29 male subjects were studied with respect to tissue thickness changes [front (forehead), sternum, tibia], changes of total body water, changes of plasma volume, total protein concentrations (TPC), colloid osmotic pressure (COP), and electrolytes. Tissue thickness at the forehead showed a significant increase from 4.14 mm to 4.

Aerobic fitness and sympatho-adrenal response to short-term psycho-emotional stress under field conditions.

A possible relationship between aerobic fitness (AF), measured by maximal cycle ergometry (CE) and sympatho-adrenal response to acute, short lasting psycho-emotional stress was investigated by monitoring heart rate (fc) and excretion of catecholamines. The activation of the sympatho-adrenal system was characterised by the noradrenaline: adrenaline ratio. A group of 11 healthy men [22.

[Peripartum cardiomyopathy--a case report].

Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM), a disorder of heart muscle, presents with the onset of cardiac failure in the last month of pregnancy or in the first 5 postpartum months. A patient with foudroyant clinical course is presented. Despite detailed clinical investigations and postmortem examination no aetiological factor was found.

[Hemofiltration in chronic heart failure].

30 patients with severe congestive heart failure (NYHA IV) unresponsive to medical management were treated by continuous hemofiltration (CHF). 57% of patients received arteriovenous CHF and 43% of patients venovenous, machine assisted CHF over 95 +/- 31 hours. A reduction of body edemas was achieved.

[Hemofiltration and the neurohumoral system in patients with severe heart failure].

6 fluid overloaded patients with congestive heart failure, NYHA classification IV, resistant to drug therapy, were treated by pump driven venovenous hemofiltration. The sympathetic nervous system measured by plasma norepinephrine concentration was stimulated in all patients. 4 of 6 patients had a markedly enhanced plasma renin activity.