Influence of intravenous lidocaine infusion on haemodynamic response to tracheal intubation and metabolic-hormonal responses during laparoscopic procedures in children: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Lidocaine, a widely used local anaesthetic, also serves as an adjuvant in pain management. However, its use in children is off-label. This study aimed to determine if intravenous lidocaine alleviates the haemodynamic, metabolic, and hormonal responses to intubation and laparoscopic surgery in children.

Pneumocephalus due to temporohyoid osteoarthropathy in a 16-year-old Friesian mare.

A sixteen-year-old Friesian mare was admitted to the university clinic with the following clinical signs: anorexia, weight loss, fever, bilateral nasal discharge, unilateral facial paralysis and a non-healing corneal lesion. Endoscopic examination of the upper airways showed thickening of the proximal portion of the right stylohyoid bone. Computed tomography imaging showed pneumocephalus due to grade 3 unilateral temporohyoid osteoarthropathy (THO) with fracture of the petrous temporal bone.

Behavioral sensitization to psychostimulants and opioids: What is known in rodents and what still needs to be explored in humans?

Repeated exposure to substances of abuse results in an increase in some behavioral responses. This phenomenon, called behavioral sensitization (BS), is well described in preclinical models. However, its existence in humans is still a matter of debate.

Rest phase snacking increases energy resorption and weight gain in male mice.

Objective: Snacking, i.e., the intake of small amounts of palatable food items, is a common behavior in modern societies, promoting overeating and obesity.

Validity and reliability of the HIV Disability Questionnaire for people living with HIV in South Africa.

This study determined the measurement properties of the HIV Disability Questionnaire (HDQ) on a sample of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) to validate this assessment in a resource-limited environment. A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional research design was used with PLWHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for six months or more. Participants completed the HDQ, World Health Organisation Disability Assessment Scale (WHODAS 2.

A conceptual framework for return to work for clients with major depressive disorder.

Background: Return to work (RTW) may be a lengthy and complex process for individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) especially when not well managed. This increases the risk of isolation and loss of routine which negatively influences their mental health. However, for clients with MDD, a comprehensive overview of all the factors that influence RTW based on a model of occupation is lacking.

Comparing two advance care planning conversation activities to motivate advance directive completion in underserved communities across the USA: The Project Talk Trial study protocol for a cluster, randomized controlled trial.

Background: Advance care planning (ACP) is a process involving conversations between patients, loved ones, and healthcare providers that consider patient preferences for the types of medical therapies received at the end of life. Underserved populations, including Black, Hispanic, rural, and low-income communities are less likely to engage in ACP than other communities, a health inequity that results in lower-quality care and reduced hospice utilization. The purpose of this trial is to compare efficacy of two interventions intended to motivate ACP (particularly advance directive completion) for those living in underserved communities.

Norepinephrine activates β -adrenergic receptors at the inner nuclear membrane in astrocytes.

Norepinephrine exerts powerful influences on the metabolic, neuroprotective and immunoregulatory functions of astrocytes. Until recently, all effects of norepinephrine were believed to be mediated by receptors localized exclusively to the plasma membrane. However, recent studies in cardiomyocytes have identified adrenergic receptors localized to intracellular membranes, including Golgi and inner nuclear membranes, and have shown that norepinephrine can access these receptors via transporter-mediated uptake.

Stress-Related Disorders of Family Members of Patients Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit With COVID-19.

Importance: The psychological symptoms associated with having a family member admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic are not well defined.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of symptoms of stress-related disorders, primarily posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in family members of patients admitted to the ICU with COVID-19 approximately 90 days after admission.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This prospective, multisite, mixed-methods observational cohort study assessed 330 family members of patients admitted to the ICU (except in New York City, which had a random sample of 25% of all admitted patients per month) between February 1 and July 31, 2020, at 8 academic-affiliated and 4 community-based hospitals in 5 US states.

Flight Teams' Learning Needs Assessment on Ultrasound: A Mixed Methods Approach.

Objective: The goal of this study was to understand flight clinicians' learning needs and attitudes with regard to a prehospital ultrasound curriculum.

Methods: In this convergent mixed methods study, 21 prehospital clinicians completed a questionnaire, and 20 attended a 1-hour focus group to explore attitudes regarding learning ultrasound. These participants were from a single emergency medical service agency.

Predictors of poor haematopoietic stem cell mobilisation in patients with haematological malignancies at a South African centre.

Background: Autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is an established consolidation strategy in the treatment of haematological malignancies, however poor mobilisation (PM) can contribute to patient morbidity and high resource utilisation. Identifying the incidence, risk factors for PM and engraftment outcomes are important goals in our resource limited setting.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed patients with haematological malignancies that consecutively underwent ASCT at Groote Schuur hospital, Cape Town, South Africa from January 2013 to January 2019.

Contamination of home-grown and retail vegetables with Clostridioidesdifficile.

The opportunistic intestinal pathogen Clostridioides difficile is the number one cause of nosocomial diarrhea in humans. In this study, C. difficile was isolated from 26.

Communication Quality Analysis: A user-friendly observational measure of patient-clinician communication.

Communication Quality Analysis (CQA) is a rigorous transcript-based coding method for assessing clinical communication quality. We compared the resource-intensive transcript-based version with a streamlined real-time version of the method with respect to feasibility, validity, reliability, and association with traditional measures of communication quality. Simulated conversations between 108 trainees and 12 standardized patients were assessed by 7 coders using the two versions of CQA (transcript and real-time).

Success of a Community-Based Delivery at Recruiting Individuals from Underserved Communities for an Observational Cohort Study of an Advance Care Planning Intervention.

Background: Underserved and minority populations are often reluctant to engage in advance care planning and/or research often due to distrust in healthcare and/or research institutions.

Aim: To determine if use of a community-based delivery model can facilitate recruitment of individuals from underserved communities in research about advance care planning.

Design: Recruitment data are presented from a prospective, mixed methods observational cohort study that examined the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a community-based delivery model involving an end-of-life conversation game to motivate participants to complete advance care planning behaviors.

Voices from the Pandemic: A Qualitative Study of Family Experiences and Suggestions regarding the Care of Critically Ill Patients.

Intensive care unit (ICU) visitation restrictions during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic have drastically reduced family-engaged care. Understanding the impact of physical distancing on family members of ICU patients is needed to inform future policies. To understand the experiences of family members of critically ill patients with COVID-19 when physically distanced from their loved ones and to explore ways clinicians may support them.

Sleep disorders among nurses and other health care workers in Poland during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The profession of nurses involves exposure to harmful agents. Despite numerous international studies on the occurrence of sleep disorders in nurses, most studies lacked an assessment of the dependence on the occurrence of the situation causing fear and anxiety which is a highly contagious.

Aim: Determining the relationship between the occurrence of sleep disorders and socio-demographic variables of medical personnel during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Letter to the Editor. Psychological support provided by national nursing associations in pandemic. Polish ICU nursing experiences.

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Prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of Clostridioides difficile strains in fresh poultry meat samples processed in different cutting plants.

Clostridioides difficile is one of the most frequent causes of nosocomial infections in humans leading to (antibiotic-associated) diarrhea and severe pseudomembranous colitis. With an increasing frequency, C. difficile infections (CDI) are also observed independently of hospitalization and the age of the patients in an ambulant setting.

Nursing Interventions to Prevent Delirium in Critically Ill Patients in the Intensive Care Unit during the COVID19 Pandemic-Narrative Overview.

It has become a standard measure in recent years to utilise evidence-based practice, which is associated with a greater need to implement and use advanced, reliable methods of summarising the achievements of various scientific disciplines, including such highly specialised approaches as personalised medicine. The aim of this paper was to discuss the current state of knowledge related to improvements in "nursing" involving management of delirium in intensive care units during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This narrative review summarises the current knowledge concerning the challenges associated with assessment of delirium in patients with COVID-19 by ICU nurses, and the role and tasks in the personalised approach to patients with COVID-19.

An atypical presentation of a mesenteric Meckel's diverticulum in a 7-year-old warmblood mare: case report.

Background: Meckel's diverticula are a rare cause of small intestinal strangulation, diagnosed at laparotomy or necropsy. This congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract originates from a remnant of the vitelline duct. In reported equine cases, they present as a full-thickness diverticulum on the antimesenteric border of the distal jejunum or proximal ileum.

Low Skepticism and Positive Attitudes About Advance Care Planning Among African Americans: a National, Mixed Methods Cohort Study.

Background: African Americans have low engagement in advance care planning (ACP). This has been attributed to healthcare distrust and skepticism about ACP. A better understanding of these attitudes is needed to address health disparities related to end-of-life care.

Chronic exposure to cocaine is associated with persistent behavioral disturbances. A cross-sectional dimensional study in outpatients with multiple substance use disorders.

Rationale: Behavioral disturbances (BD) are prevalent in patients with substance use disorders (SUD).

Objectives: To test the hypothesis that chronic exposure to cocaine could favor the acquisition of BD that were not present in childhood.

Methods: We used child and adult ADHD self-report screening scales (WURS-25 and ASRS-6, respectively, with their usual threshold) as assessment tools for significant BD.