[Heterozygotic mutation in NPHS2 gene as a cause of familial steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome in two siblings--case report].

Within recent years the number of children with focal segmental glomerulonephritis (FSGS) has increased. A significant progress in defining of molecular basis of the disease has been made. Gene mutations for nephrin, podocin, WT1, alpha-actinin 4 cause the damage of filtration barrier of glomerulus and proteinuria in consequence.

[TNF-alpha and soluble interleukin-2 receptor and glomerular sclerosis in primary nephrotic syndrome in children].

A great number of evidence showed, that primary immunological dysfunctions play a role in the etiopathology of primary nephrotic syndrome (NS) in children. The aim of the study was to evaluate the serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble interleukin 2 receptor (slL-2R) in children with relapse of primary NS and the prognostic of cytokines concentrations for progression of renal morphological changes. Ninety eight children with relapse of primary NS, aged 1-16.

[Can intensive induction chemotherapy eradicate retroperitoneal lymph node metastases in children over 1 year of age with stage 4 neuroblastoma?].

The prognosis in patients over 1 year of age with stage 4 neuroblastoma (NBL) is poor in spite of intensive treatment. The choice of intensive chemotherapy and extension of the surgery, especially in the case when the tumor is localized in the abdomen, is still controversial. Between 1991-2001 there were 61 patients with NBL treated in our Department; 28 of them were older than 1 year and had stage 4 with the tumor localized in the abdomen.